(I have added a postscript at the end of this review - August 2024)
"Ernesto was a sixteen-year-old boy whose innocent sensuality and intense curiosity led him into an affair with an older man - the first step on a journey to self-realization and adulthood...Ernesto is a novel about adolescence ... it is a celebration of life, full of tenderness, humour and great warmth...(and) a boy's first experiences of sex - rather, of sexual love....(which) does not shun any detail, however difficult or secret..."
Extracted from the precis on the reverse of the 1987 Paladin edition (also quoted on Goodreads with this edition).
I have quoted the above because almost everyone who reads this novel today will probably read the NYT reprint which promotes this novel as a 'gay classic' which is to misrepresent the novel and also deceive potential readers. There is a relationship between a teenage boy and a young man in his twenties, the sex is frankly dealt with and the older man is certainly in love with the boy so in that sense the novel has 'gay' content but it is not a novel about either the boy or the man's coming to terms with or understanding their sexuality. It is a novel of adolescence and growing up and it is clearly draws deeply on Umberto Saba's own life, but it is much more about how he became a poet - that is why the 'Afterward' and extensive notes provided by the translator in this edition (I do not know if they are included in the NYT edition) are so important and so illuminating and why, except as marketing slogan, 'gay classic' seems both reductive, limiting and untrue.
It is also as much a novel about Trieste and the world of the Austro-Hungarian empire at the end of the 19th century. It is not a nostalgic look back, but an honest one, written by a half-Jewish Italian writing in the years following WWII. The words I quote at the start are honest and true to a novel which is incredibly beautiful and moving but also very rich in meaning and depth. I do not wish to diminish the 'gay' content because it is important but not in the way that it is being presented. Read this novel as a bildungsroman about the birth of poet, the discovery new ways of understanding the world through discovering sex and sexual love - it is a lovely story and I can assure you as a story of adolescence it is unrivalled in its portrayal of the shallowness and stupidities of youth as only someone looking back with knowledge and sadness can do.
A fabulous novel which is a far finer thing to be than a genre classic.
(added in August 2024)
I was rereading this review and became more excised by the 'Gay Classic' tag because I recently came across a definition of what a gay/novel story is:
'...a gay story (is) one that illuminates the experience of love between men, explores the nature of homosexual identity, or investigates the kinds of relationship gay men have with each other, with their friends, and with their families...'
This definition comes from the gay author David Leavitt's introduction to the first edition of The Penguin Book of Gay Short Stories, and I think it is a good one. It does describe a great deal of writing by American/English gay writers post Stonewall through the 1990s and maybe even the early years of the 21st century. I don't think it describes gay writing now and don't see how that definition can be attached to Saba's Ernesto, and probably many other New York Times Gay Classics.
I would be fascinated to hear what others think.