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Bush Studies

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Barbara Janet Ainsleigh Baynton, Lady Headley (1857- 1929) was an Australian writer, made famous for Bush Studies (1902) which was written in retaliation to Henry Lawson’s works. In 1880, she married Alexander Frater, the son of her employers. However, he ran off with a servant, Sarah Glover, in 1887, and Barbara moved to Sydney and commenced divorce proceedings. In 1890 she married Dr Thomas Baynton, a retired surgeon aged 70 years who had literary friends. A few years later she began contributing short stories to the Bulletin and six of these were published in 1902 in London under the title of Bush Studies. She was unable to find a publisher for them in Sydney. Her husband died in 1904 and left his entire estate to her. She invested in the stock market, bought and sold antiques, and collected black opals from Lightning Ridge. In 1907, her only novel, Human Toll, was published, and in 1917 Cobbers, a reprint of Bush Studies with two additional stories, appeared. During World War I she lived in England and in 1921 she married her third husband Baron Headley.

236 pages, Paperback

First published July 20, 1902

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About the author

Barbara Baynton

16 books6 followers
The child of Irish immigrants to Australia, Baynton promoted a version of her birth as the daughter of minor nobility. Her literary career began after her second marriage in 1890, to a retired surgeon twice her age. Baynton's short stories challenged the traditional 19th century view of colonial life in the Australian outback, by raising the plight of women and the dispossessed. The short story collection "Bush Studies" is routinely studied in Australian schools.

After the death of her husband, Baynton invested in the stock market and became chairman of the Law Book Company of Australasia, during which time she published her only novel, "Human Toll".

In 1921, Baynton married her third husband, the 5th Baron Headley, a convert to Islam and a claimant to the throne of Albania. The marriage suffered issues early; Baynton spent her final years in the Melbourne suburb of Toorak.

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5 stars
42 (13%)
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83 (27%)
3 stars
127 (41%)
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 52 reviews
Profile Image for Sub_zero.
753 reviews327 followers
January 22, 2019
«Lo que descubrió allí dentro, la imagen de aquel perro con las costillas rotas tras lo que parecía haber sido una lucha delirante contra el horror, y el reproche que vio en sus ojos salvajes, era un recuerdo que el hombre no estaba dispuesto a compartir con ella».

Barbara Baynton (Scone, 1857) es otra de esas autoras «redescubiertas» que, por desgracia, no han obtenido reconocimiento literario hasta muchas décadas después de su muerte. En el caso de Baynton, los motivos se deben al carácter rebelde y disonante de su obra, muy alejada de la visión bucólica y edulcorada, por no decir falsa, que sus coetáneos trataban de proyectar acerca del medio rural australiano. Los seis relatos reunidos en Estudios de lo salvaje muestran una realidad que poco o nada tiene que ver con el naturalismo romántico. Adentrarse en la obra de Baynton supone estar expuesto a las inclemencias de la meteorología y del terreno, un entorno feroz e inhóspito en el que los personajes, en su mayoría mujeres, se desenvuelven a duras penas mientras luchan por no caer víctimas de un arrollador clima de violencia.

Si bien confluyen en una visión aciaga y sin paliativos de la vida en el campo —que deja, por cierto, en peor lugar a los hombres que a las bestias—, las historias que conforman Estudios de lo salvaje ofrecen una amplia variedad de combinaciones narrativas en las que Baynton juega hábilmente con el tono del relato. Así, encontramos en «La soñadora», en el que una joven se enfrenta a todo tipo de amenazas y obstáculos en el camino de vuelta a casa, un inquietante devaneo hacia el gótico que choca de frente con el toque humorístico, casi paródico, de «Una iglesia en la maleza», en el que los miembros de una comunidad rural hacen alarde de su hospitalidad mientras discuten asuntos cotidianos en pleno oficio religioso.

«Billy Skywonkie», por otro lado, es un punzante a la vez que sutil ejercicio de denuncia social en el que se pone de manifiesto la explotación sexual de la que eran objeto las mujeres aborígenes o mestizas de la época. De hecho, las mujeres en general no salen muy bien paradas en las historias de Barbara Baynton. Relatos como «La compañera de Squaker» o «El instrumento elegido», dos de los más estremecedores e implacables del conjunto, son quizá la mejor prueba de ello. En el primero asistimos al lento pero imparable declive de una campesina que, tras sufrir un aparatoso accidente que la deja inválida, queda a merced de un hombre violento y déspota. En el segundo, otra mujer cae víctima de la demoledora brutalidad masculina por culpa de un fanático que la confunde con la aparición de una virgen, acarreándole consecuencias devastadoras.

Dura, agreste, sin miramientos de ninguna clase. En la literatura de Barbara Baynton no hay espacio para concesiones ni despliegues de misericordia. Su retrato feroz del bush australiano puede resultar todo lo innovador y revolucionario que se quiera, pero no oculta el hecho de que a veces resulta arduo dilucidar un hilo argumental entre la maleza narrativa que abunda a lo largo de la obra. Estudios de lo salvaje es una colección interesante pero irregular, con relatos sobresalientes que coinciden con los tramos más oscuros del libro y otros menos brillantes cuya esencia se diluye en observaciones y diálogos más bien dispersos. La recuperación de Barbara Baynton supone, sin ninguna duda, una empresa valiente y audaz, aunque no sé si necesaria.
Profile Image for PatR.
9 reviews
January 20, 2019
Hay relatos realmente magníficos y otros en los que el ritmo decae bastante. Sin embargo, es un libro que merece la pena. Aborda la vida en el interior de Australia y su lado más duro, especialmente para las mujeres y los niños, quienes convivien de igual manera con parajes salvajes y parejas agresivas.
Llama bastante la atención la valentía y la honestidad de Baynton, más teniendo en cuenta el momento en que estos relatos fueron publicados.
Profile Image for Calzean.
2,770 reviews1 follower
December 15, 2017
A set of tales written in the late 1890s on life in the Australian bush. They focus on the harsh and unforgiving lives of various women. Loneliness, isolation, dangers from the elements and danger from men. The writing is a bit mixed - from very good to a bit below par. But overall it is a classic of Australian early literature.
Profile Image for Timons Esaias.
Author 46 books80 followers
December 27, 2016
A mention in McSweeney's got me to find a copy of Bush Studies, a founding classic of Australian Literature, though I'd probably heard it mentioned once or twice in my life. I'm glad I followed up, because, while these stories are a form of torture, I am historically interested in fiction of this period. And I'm glad because these are strong pieces.

Poe was one of her admitted influences, and that's clear; but these aren't supernatural stories. The ominousness and approach reminds me of Stephen Crane, and I suspect Crane's realism (or that of similar writers of the period) may have played a role.

One of the best pieces, "Bush Church", has no actual plot. It's a social satire, following the arrival of a minister in the outback, to do a christening, and whatever other necessary duties are needed; the circuit preacher's rounds. Half the locals think he's a spy for the major landowners, or the taxman, and so they show up at the service with their legal documents in hand. None of them are paying attention, most of them are grabbing food from the hostess (folks help themselves to the padre's dinner) or otherwise expressing basic barbarity. It is a scathing presentation of everyone involved. And there's only one death, Polly, but we don't ever quite find out who Polly was. She died carrying water too far in the heat.

In the rest of the stories the torture is the overwhelming suspense; but in "Bush Church" it's the excruciating misbehavior of everybody. One cringes constantly, hoping that somehow a story will emerge, or that something will reward the hostess for her embarrassment.

Mostly the stories have to do with death, and the threat of assault by outsiders. For only six short stories, the body count of this collection is pretty high. (Interestingly, Baynton couldn't get it published in Australia, so it came out in Great Britain, where it provided a baseline impression of the Australian outback for a couple of generations.)

The other writer I'd compare these pieces to is Flannery O'Connor, whose acerbic, satirical tone is similar; and also her use of local dialect. The bush lingo is rather thick in this volume, which will probably require some use of Google for modern readers, especially American readers, whose Australian vocabulary is generally limited to "shrimp" and "barbie."

In this edition there's a biography of Baynton by a grandson, and it's a stitch. It starts with the tale of her mother voyaging from Belfast to Australia with her new husband, and dumping him for an officer of the Bengal Lancers on the way. This is followed by the author's birth, three upwardly mobile marriages bringing her up to Baroness by the end, with fast cars and fancy houses everywhere. Oh, and not much writing. Her fame rests on this collection of six short stories, one novel, and two more stories that were later tacked on to this collection (not very successfully, it seems). Otherwise she did some journeyman journalism, and mostly ditched it once she'd leveraged her fame into fortune. Which is an interesting enough bio, but it turns out that she made the early part up. She shaved five years off her age, and gave herself different parents, in order to land the governess job that eventually led to a coronet on her linens; so even the grandson only knew the half of it.
Profile Image for Rocio.
105 reviews4 followers
January 8, 2025
Un libro que me aburrió muchísimo. Me costó terminarlo. No pasa nada interesante.
Te narra la historia de mujeres, temática que me gusta. Por desgracia este no fue el caso. Lo contó de una manera que no fue de mi agradó.
Completamente olvidable. No me voy acordar de mucho al pasar el tiempo. De hecho ya se me olvidaron algunas cosas. No lo recomiendo para nada.
Profile Image for motivoslobos.
106 reviews2 followers
April 5, 2023
Estudios de los salvaje es una compilación de seis cuentos que nos muestran la lucha de la mujer por la supervivencia tal como lo dice el título en "lo salvaje" de Australia. En él encontramos ciertos temas recurrentes: la maternidad y sus terrores, la infidelidad de los hombres y su ferocidad con los demás, el aislamiento, el racismo, las luchas por la posesión de la tierra y la presencia de una naturaleza inclemente que influye en las reacciones tanto físicas como emocionales de los personajes.

Son relatos crudos y en ocasiones sin un sentido que pueden agotarte en la lectura y otros muy livianos que en general sugieren al lector dar su propia interpretación.

Fue un buen desafío.

PD. Lean el posfacio.
Profile Image for Neale.
185 reviews31 followers
August 23, 2016
Reading the reviews on this page it is evident that ‘Bush Studies’ suffers somewhat from the curse of being a set text, perhaps even a weapon in a literary studies debate – a female alternative to the very male world of Australian bush writing, as exemplified by Henry Lawson.

It certainly fulfils this role well – it seems that Baynton herself saw the book partly in those terms - but it would be a shame if this detracted from its intrinsic worth. I think the book is best described by its title. It is a set of ‘studies’, as with ‘etudes’ in music – not necessarily fully formed works but one-off exercises in exploring a certain mood or subject.

What makes the stories interesting is the tension between what is conventional and what is unconventional. If these were musical studies they would be Victorian parlour ballads into which a much spikier and more atonal music keeps breaking.

(Publication by Text Classics, with an introduction by Helen Garner, should bring the book to a wider audience - as it did to me - but it's a shame the cover is pretty ghastly...)
Profile Image for Debbie.
896 reviews27 followers
January 17, 2013
First published in 1902, Bush Studies is a collection of short stories set in the Australian outback of her day. While the stories certainly convey the harsh conditions, I felt that Baynton made scathing commentary on the harsh, crude and vulgar behaviour particularly of the men, and particularly toward women.

I found Scrammy ‘And and The Chosen Vessel to be especially compelling, and if I taught high-school literature would want to include them in my curriculum, regardless of where I was teaching.

Having met only the “jolly swagman’ of Waltzing Matilda, I had my eyes opened wide.

Read this if: (obviously) you want to find out about life in the outback at the end of the 19th century; or you are interested in the history of women’s role in Australian or global society. 4½ stars
Profile Image for Ronnie.
282 reviews112 followers
February 11, 2019
A menacing, gothic little book that reads to me as the horrifying flip side of My Brilliant Career – a dark and unflinching examination of women’s lives in the early colonial Australian bush. These half-dozen stories have their strong and weak points, but at their peak (Squeaker’s Mate and The Chosen Vessel are the best, in my opinion) they are truly gripping and horrifying. Helen Garner’s introduction to the Text Classics edition is, as you’d expect, essential.
Profile Image for Lisa.
3,785 reviews491 followers
January 22, 2016
This book was provided for review by Sydney University Press, and I read it for the Classics Challenge. Published in 1902, it presents a feminist perspective about 19th century Australian bush life and although aspects of it are a bit quaint, it's interesting to read. To see my review, see http://anzlitlovers.wordpress.com/200...
Lisa Hill, ANZ LitLovers
476 reviews8 followers
December 10, 2014
Apart from A Dreamer and The Chosen Vessel I found the stories quite hard to get into and slow moving. When the description of the outback is good it is really good with lots of lively imagery, but Baynton got a little bit carried away in places, both with that and the use of commas.
Profile Image for Marina.
248 reviews
December 18, 2012
I've only read The Chosen Vessel, but I have to say I REALLY liked it, the intertextuality of the work and all the symbolysm. Baynton was truly a master in her time.
Profile Image for Text Publishing.
713 reviews289 followers
January 24, 2017
‘So precise, so complete, with such insight into detail and such force of statement, it ranks with the masterpieces of realism in any language.’
Bulletin
Profile Image for Rachel Stigter.
66 reviews
April 3, 2018
read for Australian Literature subject. not really my cup of tea and a bit difficult to get through.
Profile Image for Laura.
1,766 reviews26 followers
November 5, 2019
Estoy realmente contenta y fascinada por haberle dado una oportunidad a este libro y por lo que me he encontrado dentro de él.
El libro contiene seis relatos (cuatro de los cuales me encantaron, uno que no me gustó nada y otro que me dio bastante igual) y un posfacio o prólogo que considero tan bueno y completo que creo que aumenta el valor literario del libro si es que eso es posible. En él se analiza la vida de la autora, Barbara Baynton, y se analizan los temas recurrentes en todos los relatos: crítica al machismo y al racismo, la naturaleza inhóspita en la que se ambientan todos los cuentos y el comportamiento vago y ególatra de los hombres que rodean a las mujeres protagonistas.
Si hay algo que me ha gustado es poder ver la perspectiva de las mujeres en un lugar y época que se tiene idealizado. Casi todas las novelas o relatos que conozco ambientados en Australia en la misma fecha están escritos por autores y solo relatan el papel de los hombres en esta sociedad. No digo que los hombres no deban escribir, ni mucho menos, pero me llama la atención lo certera que es esta novela retratando la sociedad. Un autor solo escribía sobre los de su mismo género y sus vidas porque las mujeres eran prácticamente esclavas de los hombres de su vida y no las veían de otra forma. Por eso me parece tan importante rescatar obras escritas por mujeres que muestren la sociedad desde otro prisma.
En resumen, me ha gustado muchísimo. Me ha parecido tremendamente realista y duro de leer, pero a la vez lo he sentido como una parte fundamental de la historia que se han dejado por contar. Estoy segura de que en un tiempo releeré los dos cuentos que no me han gustado para darles otra visión e intentar disfrutarlos tanto como los demás. Y pienso buscar todo lo que esta autora ha escrito (que tengo entendido que no es mucho) y leerlo.
Profile Image for esmé.
225 reviews12 followers
November 5, 2024
My bad for never finishing all these stories until now. Love love love - Baynton is my Australian gothic queen
Profile Image for Monique.
50 reviews
March 17, 2025
The antithesis to Henry Lawson's misogynistic short stories of life in the Australian bush. Baynton's realistic portrayal of women and the way they were treated is horrifying and will haunt you forever.
426 reviews2 followers
February 24, 2021
Me sorprendió la crudeza de las historias, y también el énfasis en los perros como única compañía fiel.
Profile Image for Highlyeccentric.
794 reviews51 followers
October 1, 2014
Huh. These were fascinating: mostly character studies of fragile people living in poverty and isolation. Most were women, but one study concerned an elderly man awaiting the return of the young couple who lived with or near him - his ruminations on the younger man's betrayal of him by taking a wife interwoven with and marked unreliable by his acute fear of the stranger he expected to soon assault him. I was least interested by a study of a rural preacher, and by one of a city woman travelling to become housekeeper on a remote station - the latter was soaked in classism and racism.

I wonder about the fear-of-swaggies-and-tramps thing. When it appears in, say, the Billabong books, I remember registering it as classism even before I had the words for it (at the same time aware that I would do no different), but here the gender/age issues come out. I do really wonder what the actual rates of, eg, theft and assault of women by swaggies in the remote bush were, but of course no one kept count.

Baynton's acute awareness of the factors that bind women to abusive men, though, that was spot on. In one particularly awful study, a couple work together as day labourers, but after the woman is injured, their former employers and colleagues will have nothing to do with either of them, and she ends up living, bedridden, in a cabin behind that in which her partner lives with his new, more traditional, common-law wife.

I wouldn't recommend these stories as *fun* but they are artful, and if you like Lawson's often dismal depiction of bush life then these should definitely be included alongside his.
Profile Image for The Bookshop Umina.
905 reviews34 followers
Read
July 25, 2011
The stories in this collection are quite uneven. All deal with the hardships of living in the Australian bush during the 1800's but some stories are wonderful and others difficult to read.



The collection is worth picking up just for the first and last stories. They are atmospheric, beautifully evoked stories that have you gripped from the very beginning.



Perhaps you should skip a few of the ones in the middle though - by trying to capture the dialogue and sound of the characters, much of the dialogue is lost - as it is so hard to work out what is being said. Stick to the stories that are told in narrative form instead!
Profile Image for Jacqui.
440 reviews7 followers
August 12, 2016
Memorable Quotes
"...her heart gave a bound of savage rapture in thus giving the sweat of her body for the sin of her soul."

"The daughter parted the curtains, and the light fell on the face of the sleeper who would dream no dreams that night."

“Ned, moreover, had tried to force his example on the male community by impressing upon them his philosophy, that it was the proper thing to hit a woman every time you met her, since she must either be coming from mischief or going to it.”
Profile Image for Amanda.
148 reviews2 followers
October 10, 2017
I'm struggling to decide what I think. On the one hand, it's a collection of stories that show the impact the bush can have on different types of people; on the other, it's a testament to the lucky few who really learn what the bush is and means. Overall, it's a fairly black collection of tales in which women and nature seem to do battle and men just get in the way.
Profile Image for Heather Browning.
1,166 reviews12 followers
Read
July 28, 2011
Quite bleak and creepy stories, she manages to build up suspense without dramatics. The overlying theme of Australia's bleak bushland and the lack of hope in the people is strong. Some humour in the presentation of some typical 'bush characters'
Profile Image for felixexplody.
30 reviews3 followers
August 10, 2013
Essential reading for lovers of Australian literature. The Chosen Vessel is one of the greatest bush stories ever told. Makes Henry Lawson look pedestrian.
Profile Image for Lauren.
202 reviews7 followers
October 11, 2013
Some of the stories were a little hard to get into, especially when characters started talking all 'straya like. That said, others were quite good, so it balanced out. A grim, creepy collection.
Profile Image for Belinda.
272 reviews46 followers
January 3, 2016
The final story was by far the best, but overall I'm incredibly disappointed in this collection.
Profile Image for Serena.
306 reviews9 followers
May 8, 2016
I enjoyed Chosen Vessel and A dreamer the most out of the short stories. Baynton writes in a very blunt and eyeopening way.
Very interesting perspective of males and females in Australia.
Profile Image for Blue Hole.
13 reviews
December 20, 2016
gruff unsympathetic stories about seedy drunkards and hard-faced desert louts (Australians)
756 reviews1 follower
January 2, 2019
Es un compendio de relatos que muestra la rudeza y crueldad de un entorno como es Australia que lleva a los personajes a ambientes extremos generando incomodidad en ciertos momentos al leerlos
340 reviews1 follower
October 12, 2025
He dudado un poquito a la hora de etiquetar este libro.
¿Lo etiqueto en "clásicos"? Al fin y al cabo, estoy segura de que es una obra fundacional de la literatura australiana. Las duras condiciones del outback australiano y las gentes que tratan de salir allí adelante es el elemento vertebrador de estos relatos de principios del siglo pasado. ¿Y qué hay más idiosincráticamente australiano que la colonización de su outback?
¿Lo etiqueto en "feminismos"? Otro hilo conductor de los relatos es la brutalidad y las condiciones absolutamente hostiles. Para todos, pero muy especialmente para las mujeres, protagonistas de cada uno de los relatos, que sufren y deben afrontar, no solo las dificultades del ambiente, sino además la carga añadida de unos hombres embrutecidos, cuyas frustraciones son descargardas sobre mujeres y población no blanca.
Son relatos incómodos, duros, donde el único aliado fiel que ayuda a sustentarse a estas mujeres es el perro, que suele desempeñar distintos roles en la narración pero siempre con el punto común de constituir el único compañero, la única fuente de apoyo y cariño, la única familia de verdad -la familia elegida- con la que cuentan estas mujeres.
Creo que es una obra importante para entender el origen de la Australia actual, tanto como ciertas novelas de frontera en para el caso norteamericano o algunas de las obras de Coetzee para la Sudáfrica post-apartheid.
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