Oye, a bildungsroman told in three parts, offers all the secrets of a dysfunctional family. The novel opens with Luciana getting her confiscated phone returned from her teacher. She sees six missed calls from Mari, and her caustic language sets the tone for the tension that weaves throughout the book: “Wait, it’s Mari? This fucking bitch.” This routine pejorative unironically follows with hurt: “I hadn’t heard a peep out of you…I texted you being vulnerable.” Mogollon’s language sizzles between sibling rivalry, contempt, sarcastic humor, the pain of rejection, and longing for connection. A one sided dialogue between sisters unravels toxic dynamics and family secrets.
The structure of the novel hands all the storytelling power to Luciana. In these phone conversations, she guides the topics and sets the tone. If you want a politically correct “both sides” novel, this ain’t it. The audience must shift from passive to active reader with this author’s choice of form - a dialogue in which the reader has access to only one speaker - and use one’s own repertoire of family toxicity to know what Mari has said. For any reader with a sibling, we all have that grocery list of verbal slights that still haunt us. We’ve thrown down in those same verbal sparring matches, so we know what the older sibling says.
The inclusion of Hurricane Irma acts as a cleverly placed allusion taking the reader back to 2017, a not so distant memory of tremendous destruction. Like Irma, we think this novel will go one way, but it quickly veers in another direction. Throughout the duration of the novel, Luciana and Mari’s conversation rankles with teen snark, ending with a fall out. The reader may think this story will end with reunification, but when Luciana dives into family history, she moves the epicenter of this story over Emilia, the abuela. And like a tempest lifting roofs, so too does this story lift away all of the barriers that concealed all the family secrets.
Mogollon’s novel certainly explores the grandmother-mother-daughter-sibling relationships. But equally, she punches up against the national dilemma of homophobia metastasizing across America. This culture war occupies multiple fronts, and the most brutal one resides under the family roof. In quick verbal slices, Luciana lets slip the hurt she feels from her family’s indifference to homophobia. Mari will intern for the 2017 Whitehouse when TheOrangeMan is in office. Mari has already interned with Gov. Rick Scott of Florida - a man who seeks to limit the rights of gay people. Luciana, still a kid finding her political chops, employs sarcasm to convey the pain of Mari’s betrayal. Luciana also tells Mari that their mother belongs to an evangelical neighborhood group chat, and when Luciana sees the homophobic content, her mother quickly snatches the phone out of Luciana’s hands. As if one can unsee homophobia if the snatching happens quickly. Her mother doesn’t push back against the homophobia, rather she holds the neighborhood secret. Yes, the political battle looms large on America’s national stage, but Mogollon shows that within the home, a family’s complicity cuts the deepest in this culture war.
These political sidebars carve through the novel, quick paper cuts that nick away at both protagonist and reader. The reader, pulled out of the story and into the American zeitgeist, discovers nightmare and dystopia. Having to confront so much ugliness, the reader surely swings full support behind Luciana. Does the reader then forgive Luciana of her own ugly behaviors because this queer protagonist faces an onslaught of casual bigotry?
No easy answer exists because the reader doesn’t get an uncomplicated hero. Mogollon muddies Luciana’s heroism with her propensity for guilt tripping her sister, and her own childish and casual misogyny. Yes, calling one’s sister - or any woman for that matter - a slut, whore, ho, or a bitch are manifestations of misogyny. And yes, young girls learn this language, internalize it, and then reshape that language into malicious verbal sucker punches. The reader has to tease out how much of this ugly name calling is typical sister banter and how much of it is a retaliatory weapon when Luciana doesn’t get the sisterly love she seeks. But Mogollon doesn’t moralize here. She simply presents a flawed high school kid reluctantly moving towards young adulthood. Our hero isn’t always likable. To escape this negative spin, Luciana has to retreat from Mari.
In this pursuit of connection, Luciana draws closer to her brash grandmother. A tumor, a surgery, a recovery, a relapse, and a metastasizing absorb Luciana’s senior year of high school. Through the months of caring for Abue, Luciana becomes the recipient of the family secrets and histories. Mother, Abue, and Tía all provide variations on the same theme of historic family trauma.
What readers learn from these variations is the power of narrative perspective. Here, Mogollon hits a master stroke. Storytelling from the perspective of those complicit with the oppressor minimizes damage and absolves themselves for their part in the damage. Emilia, the family matriarch and survivor of horror, reveals a history that vibrates with pain. Her history resonates as nothing but the closest one can get to truth. Mogollon’s structural choice, narrating only through Luciana’s perspective, serves a purpose. Emilia’s story, told through Luciana’s lens, moves the reader to empathy, a perspective that most closely approximates the truth the reader will get about this dysfunctional family unit.
This novel is not just the story of a girl coming of age, it’s a look back at a history of women who employ personal strength to survive catastrophe. And personal strength doesn’t always come across as likable to the reader. Abue’s strength requires setting boundaries. What first appears to Luciana as her grandmother’s irrational stubbornness now functions as a template for the protagonist’s own path to young womanhood. Family does not have to be embraced, especially when members of the family are complicit with the oppressor. The Ernestos and Marcos of the world, predators and abusers, should never be tolerated, in particular by Luciana’s mother.
This novel answers America’s current dilemma - our bent towards the destruction of the other. Luciana’s answer is a resounding “I will not forgive your complicity.” Like her grandmother before her, Luciana also sets firm and clear boundaries, and does not waiver. This is how the reader knows that Luciana has moved from childish things to young womanhood.