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Ernestyna Potowska-Rose. Od judazmu do ateizmu i feminizmu

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W latach pięćdziesiątych XIX wieku, pochodząca z Piotrkowa Trybunalskiego Ernestyna Potowska-Rose była “królową amerykańskich mównic” - najsłynniejszą w Ameryce bojowniczką o zniesienie niewolnictwa i wyzwolenie kobiet; była też jedyną ateistką wśród feministek pierwszej fali: radziła im, by „podeptały Biblię”. W biografii pt. Ernestyna Potowska-Rose – od judaizmu do feminizmu i ateizmu Bonnie S. Anderson opowiada o jej niezwykłym życiu, niezwykłych dokonaniach, o niej samej jako kobiecie niezwykłej. Jako jedyne dziecko Piotrkowskiego rabina, Ernestyna odrzuciła religię już w dzieciństwie; z powodzeniem pozwała ojca o zwrot posagu po odrzuceniu zaaranżowanych przez niego zaręczyn i na zawsze opuściła swoją rodzinę, judaizm i Polskę. W wieku 17 lat zamieszkała w Berlinie, a po kolejnych dwóch latach, w Londynie, stała się zwolenniczką i przyjaciółką “utopijnego” socjalisty Roberta Owena. Tam poznała swojego przyszłego męża, Williama Rose, z którym w 1836 roku wyemigrowała do Nowego Jorku. W Stanach Zjednoczonych, już jako pani Rose, stała się liderką ruchu na rzecz praw kobiet, zniesienia niewolnictwa i osłabienia wpływów religii. To właśnie jej zamężne Amerykanki zawdzięczają uzyskanie praw majątkowych. Wykładała i przemawiała w dwudziestu trzech z trzydziestu jeden ówczesnych stanów. W swoich wystąpieniach rzucała wyzwanie chrześcijańskiej tradycji, czym zainspirowała wielu dziewiętnastowiecznych reformatorów i rewolucjonistów obojga płci. W 1869 roku, po wojnie secesyjnej, wraz z mężem wróciła do Anglii, gdzie kontynuowała pracę na rzecz “lepszego świata”.

Do czasu, gdy kobiety uzyskały prawa wyborcze, o co niestrudzenie walczyła przez całe życie, jej pionierski wkład w historię feminizmu został zapomniany; była zbyt obca i zbyt radykalna jako imigrantka, jako Żydówka i jako ateistka.

288 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2017

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Bonnie S. Anderson

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Displaying 1 - 8 of 8 reviews
Profile Image for Wciągam Książki Nosem.
265 reviews48 followers
June 17, 2024
Wspaniała postać, niezwykła kobieta, świetna mówczyni, sufrażystka, abolicjonistka i ateistka w czasach, kiedy kobiety nie miały praktycznie żadnych praw i głoszenie tak radykalnych opinii stanowiło nie tylko przejaw samodzielnego, krytycznego myślenia, ale też akt odwagi. Dlatego warto przeczytać tę książkę, choć sama w sobie nie jest powalająca. Nie wiem, jak w oryginale, ale w polskim wydaniu mnóstwo drobnych błędów, jeśli chodzi o datowanie, możliwe, że to kiksy wynikające z pośpiechu, no i literówek. Ale dla Ernestyny Potowskiej-Rose zdecydowanie warto przeczytać.
Profile Image for Mark.
1,352 reviews161 followers
March 26, 2018
The dominance in the public imagination of Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Lucretia Mott as the preeminent figures of the 19th century women's suffrage movement in the United States often obscures the role played by many other women in advancing the cause of women's rights during that era. One of them was Ernestine Rose, an immigrant from Poland by way of Great Britain who as a writer and platform speaker campaigned for many of the leading reform causes of the mid-19th century. Yet this was just one stage in a long career that straddled the Atlantic, reflecting many of the common issues that activists fought for in Europe as well as America.

Bonnie Anderson's book provides readers with a brisk account of Rose's career and achievements. In it, she recounts Rose's life from her upbringing in Poland, where her father's commitment to educating her led her to question and ultimately renounce her Jewish faith. As a young woman in England she embraced the teachings of the English reformer Robert Owen, her involvement with whom led her to emigrate to the United States in 1836. From her home in New York City Rose traversed the country advocating for such cases as free thought and abolition, though it was her advocacy of women's rights for which she became best known. While her efforts to end slavery were achieved with the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, the subsequent fracturing of the women's rights movement in the U.S. led Rose and her husband to return to Britain, where continued her campaigns for women's suffrage to the end of her life.

By detailing the range of Rose's interests and efforts, Anderson restores Rose to her proper place in the story of the women's rights movement. While constrained by the paucity of sources about Rose's early life, she draws conclusions from the context of her times to fill in several of the gaps, helping to underscore the remarkable nature of Rose's achievements in the process. The result is an account of Rose's life that gives her the credit she deserves for her tireless efforts on behalf of the causes which she held so dear.
Profile Image for Anna.
140 reviews36 followers
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October 4, 2016
Review forthcoming in Library Journal. A straightforward biography of under-studied nineteenth-century women's rights activist, abolitionist, and freethinker Ernestine Rose. The book does what it can with a very limited body of primary sources relating directly to Rose's life, but I wish the author had done more to answer the "so what?" of why renewed attention to this unique figure matters -- I can think of several current threads of historiography she fits into, but wanted the author to do some of that work on the reader's behalf. Rose will be of interest to those exploring nineteenth-century atheism, international feminist networks, and intellectual histories of social justice activism.
Profile Image for Joan.
30 reviews3 followers
April 3, 2017
Lesser known abolitionist and suffragette, but equally important as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.
Profile Image for Navida.
327 reviews1 follower
October 16, 2019
Fascinating historical character and interesting to know about the Owenites. Very heavily researched and reads like a text book. Lots of quotes of speeches. It was too long, going over the same ground. Rose was a deeply private person so there is very little factual material available. Would have been interesting if the book been a dual biography of Ernestine Rose and Fanny Wright. Both feminist pioneers. Wanted to know more about Wright.
22 reviews
December 12, 2019
Good biography based on mostly indirect information since Rose did not speak much about herself.
Strong woman who was apparently a great and forceful speaker against slavery, sexism and religion. The latter seems to have had an impact on her recognition through the years although other that followed and modeled themselves on Rose became more well known.
Interesting little-known historical person who does not get the acclaim she deserves.
Displaying 1 - 8 of 8 reviews