Drawing examples mostly from representions in folklore, art, literature and the like, this volume documents attitudes and beliefs regarding the Fae Folk in and around the 1800's. And there's no Tinkerbells here.
The volume opens with perhaps my favorite chapter (until the final) which discussed Victorian attempts to define and explain what fairies are. This depended on where the person was coming from. If they were highly religious perhaps the Fae were fallen angels. If the person was a scientist, perhaps considered a lost race in evolution's past. (The discovery of the Pygmy justified some in making that leap).
As noted above, most examples of the make up and behaviors of the Fae Folk were drawn from works of art, literature, poetry, and folklore. What I would have rather read were more accounts of alleged encounters with such creatures and testimony from witnesses. From that, a deduction of fairy properties could be had instead of from works of fiction. But there are not as many here as I hoped.
But that might really be the point. Lacking quality samples of alleged encounters leaves only fiction to draw data from. Like today's extraterrestrial interpretations and descriptions in science fiction versus some people's serious claims of alien abduction, without an actual extraterrestrial to examine, the only data on Twentieth Century opinions is mainly found in the human imagination. So too, the Victorians had no "bodies" to examine. With only folklore to guide them, belief in their actual existence was left to rationalizing imagination.
Reading fictional accounts of fairies satisfies the goal of this volume; which is to examine attitudes towards them in the Victorian age. The Fae weren't kind, mostly trickster, mostly selfish. They mostly preyed on human beings, stealing them away for their own purposes. And sometimes replacing those kidnapped with a changeling, one who looks like the stolen but isn't quite right.
The volume ends with a final chapter noting the path on which the fairies ended up no longer relevant outside children's literature. And one reason was the Cottingley Fairy hoax which convinced even the likes of Arthur Conan Doyle but later discovered to be a fraud. And so it seemed the first time the fairies were alleged to have been encountered and with photographic proof, they lost their magic and, as the author writes, "the tendency to render the elfin people material and/or scientifically inadvertently diminished their importance."
Perhaps the Fae Folk were only relevant and believed in while remaining out of reach. So, too, seems other creatures only known through folklore - Bigfoot, Chupacabra, the Greys, Loch Ness Monster, and the numerous gods of old. Then once truly examined by the light of reason and logic do they fade away, leaving only poetry and a good story.