In Triveni are birds perched on branches, moonstruck musings, a house of straws, walking roses and unbridled desires of the heart. The poems are inhabited by lost lovers, unreturned books and bloodsucking rumours. A poetic form unique to Gulzar, Triveni is a confluence of three of India’ s majestic rivers— the golden-hued Ganges, the deep green Yamuna and a third, the mythical one that lies beneath the former two, the Saraswati. A form Gulzar began experimenting with in the 1960s, Triveni comes close to several classical Japanese forms of poetry such as the Haiku, Senryu and Tanka. The closest Indian forms to Triveni are the doha and shayari . In this stunning translation by Neha R. Krishna, Triveni have been transcreated as tanka and are ladled with musicality, breaking away from the charm of rhyme and metre. This collection, too, is a confluence or sangam of forms and nothing short of a gift from one of India’ s most beloved poets.
दूसरी जंग-ए-आलम को तो बंद हुए भी बीते साल अब भी कुछ जापानी अफ़सर, छुपे मिले हैं डयूटी पर तुमसे अब कब मिलना होगा? या अब भी नाराज़ हो तुम?
some Japanese soldiers in hiding are discovered years after world war II— when can we meet? or are you still upset?
I chose this particular poem from the book because it beautifully highlights Neha R. Krishna’s sensitivity to the nuances in Gulzar’s Triveni. She retains the cultural weight of the original—referring to Japanese soldiers discovered on duty years after World War II, a lasting reminder of unresolved history. Yet, she expands it to mirror a deeply personal longing. The line “when can we meet?” echoes with a bittersweet vulnerability, turning the historical distance into a symbol of the emotional gap between the poet and a loved one. It’s as if the ache of separation, both personal and historical, hums through the verse.
In the transformation to Tanka, the first two lines of the Triveni open up into three lines in the Tanka, shaping a more vivid, layered image. This isn’t just a shift in format; it’s an expansion that breathes into the technical demands of the Tanka form. Here, Gulzar’s original wit and sharpness take on a quieter, more introspective tone, enriched by the Tanka's "show-don’t-tell" style. The original three lines split and stretch, with the final line of the Triveni unfolding into two lines of Tanka, creating a pause that makes the poem feel like a photo of time itself. This is just one instance in the book that reveals Neha R. Krishna’s skill in translating Gulzar’s Triveni simultaneously into English, and Tanka. This is no mean feat. You feel the ambition in each adaptation, the inventiveness needed to capture the spirit of Gulzar sahaab's timeless verse.
Gulzar’s Triveni is often a concise thought, closing with a powerful twist in just three lines. But the five-line structure of Tanka lets that thought stretch out, adding layers of reflection. Krishna preserves the core of Gulzar’s emotions, using the expanded lines to amplify the quiet revelations within his work. Her translation blends Indian and Japanese aesthetics seamlessly, enhancing universal themes of vulnerability and the fleeting nature of time. In her hands, Triveni becomes accessible not only in English but also through the contemplative resonance of Tanka, letting readers experience Gulzar’s vision in a way that feels both true and newly profound.