I had warned him. My husband was working with his friend's sister to renovate her grandparents' home and get it ready to sell. She was taking more and more of his time, leaving me alone more and more. I had warned him. So on the day I realized my husband was having an emotional affair with this woman was the day I was done with him. I had warned him. And he didn't listen. But he's listening now. Now, when it's too late. He's promising to make it right, to win me back, to not stop until I've forgiven him and we're back together. I've assured him that's not happening. I had warned him. Now he was warning me: I'm going to make this right and I won't stop until you're mine again.
Therapy doesn’t magically solve everything. Once again the “grovel” was glossed over and nearly skipped.
Turning the OW into a psycho doesn’t obsolve an affair
Feeling guilty doesn’t obsolve the sins of an affair. And YES IT WAS FUCKING PHYSICAL. She was straddling him and he was holding her face and brushing her hair back. PHYSICAL CHEATING.
Making her married and a predator doesn’t change HIS decisions. HE made the choice to cheat. No one made him.
And if he cheated because HE DIDNT REALIZE HE WAS LONELY FLIPPING HOUSES ALONE?!?!?! That’s his job. So he’ll do it again if he works alone and she doesn’t swoop in? This doormat took him back with a snap of fingers after a few therapy assignments. TF?
To me, what if boils down to is if he loved her it never would have happened. THIS IS WHY I DONT READ CHEATING BOOKS 😂🤣. But I was promised it a good grovel from reviews and that it wasn’t so bad and you forgive him. LIES. Lies I tell you.
And if I had to hear one more time about his feelings for the OW. How he had feelings for her. 🤮🤮🤮
Nope..
Again as always solely my opinion and I respect those who loved this book.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
This was a Wattpad story but the editing was very good and the story flowed well. It was longer than I was expecting but I was never bored. It's a study in what the fallout might be if a husband has an emotional affair with another woman. Although the OW was villainized by the end, it was pure entertainment and not an excuse or pardon for the hero. He owns his mistakes and works hard to win his wife back. There's also Lark's rocky relationship with her family that gets dealt with. The couple were kinda unbelievably successful, for their young ages, they had accomplished a lot.
I loved that the author wasn't shy about getting into the nitty gritty ugliness of cheating and brought in counselling to help. And there's Fredward the cat ; )
safety is good.
Michael and Susan I quite enjoyed this one. Maybe because I remember the Avon ladies, and I treasured the perfume my mother bought from them that came in a bottle shaped like a baby deer. But really the author did a nice job situating the story in the 1960's with all it's constraints on women. This is one of this author's stories where the H didn't commit physical adultery, but let the OW lead him around by the nose. He was an idiot. And I was happy with the grovel and ending. The OW doesn't go crazy, and the h gave her some payback ( he he) before she leaves the story.
Malik and Jade I had to dnf this one at 71%. I thought Jade was ridiculous in her all or nothing approach to problem solving. In fact she wasn't interested in problem solving but just throwing out the baby with the bath water. Yes the H was still somewhat friends with his ex lover. Sometimes that can work but in this case it was very poor judgement. But she never suggested marriage counselling. She decided for the two of them that their marriage was over. That they had no future except as friends. She was a dictator and he was willing to let her tell him what he could or could not do without any discussion because she had already tried and convicted him. I thought she was a tw*t and it's too bad his religion doesn't allow divorces. I feel sorry for him and fear for the next time someone hurts her feelings. Sometimes I find this author goes too far with the grovel. (I didn't think this was possible). So that you end up thinking the h is a b*tch and the H is a fool for staying the course. meh Not recommending this one.
***SAFETY: emotional cheating: gradually takes place over two-month period and the groveling starts immediately and lasts over a year. Also, I should probably mention that there's a moment when someone gets briefly buried alive but their head is left uncovered (they deserve it).
11/29/23- (4.5 stars rounded up) Jesus Christ, this was fantastic. I'm not even sure what to write in this review except that this exceeded my expectations. I want it to be clear that my average rating is 2 stars for "just ok" with the occasional 3 stars for "pretty damn good". So please believe that I'm being honest with the higher rating here; I do not give generic 5-star ratings for every book I read, so it's incredibly rare and meaningful when I do.
Yes, it's from an author on Wattpad, but this author doesn't deserve the eye-roll that I usually see associated with Wattpad. I get it; there's usually a lot of crap on there, but this author is a real gem. Their username says it all and trust me when I say that they deliver high-quality groveling that lasts longer than it takes for the heroine to forgive the Hero. This is the fourth book of theirs that I've read and it's the second one where the Hero grovels for around a year or more-- none of that weak ~1-month-or-less bullshit where the Hero says sorry or does some grand gesture and the heroine quickly folds. What can I say? I like it when Heroes suffer.
Now, I usually stay far away from books with any kind of cheating, but I've been in High Angst Mode for the past month where I almost only want to read books that contain some kind of emotional suffering. (That being said, I still can't stomach reading about any kind of physical cheating, and the emotional cheating has to be as minimal as possible, which it was here.) All of this is to say that if you're looking to try some kind of cheating-theme but you want it done right, so to speak, I highly recommend this story. The author quickly sucks you into the story and perfectly gives an in-depth view into the heads of the MCs as they go through what broke them and how they recover.
Honorable Mention: I don't know why my favorite part of groveling is when the Hero is on his knees in front of the heroine and his forehead is on her stomach while he's holding onto her waist, but I am such a sucker for that specific moment and I felt so seen when the author included that in here. Thank you!
4 ⭐⭐⭐⭐ - Liked it! =================== WattPad =================== I started reading without much expectation and ended up hooked, even though I don't like reading books on Wattpad.
I tried but emotional cheating is still bad! 2 stars for the grovel
He BETRAYED HIS WIFE IN TWO MONTHS W OW. To me that was the worst part. It only took 2 MONTHS! For you to cave to OW attention.
Also I can read perceived emotional cheating like when the H is just an idiot and doesn’t really have feelings.
But here he did…. In 2MONTHS! And of course it was an infatuation and he liked her attention but reality is that is how physical and emotional affairs start. So yeah I was not ok with this asshole.
He also KNEW he was crossing lines little by little but kept going until he was caught in a compromising position by his wife. And he KNEW he was developing feelings even if they were at the very beginning stages.
He would have us believe he loved his wife so much but if that was case wouldn’t he have taken precautions when he realized he was tempted? Would he have listened to his wife.
So in the end he grovels for a year and goes to therapy. OW was crazy and somehow that made it better? No his actions were still his actions. I’m sorry but I think he would cheat agin if he felt a connection to OW in the future.
His reason for cheating? He liked sharing the home remolding w OW and he was only at work. Ummmmmm ok. BS I mean that could be ANYBODY IN ANY LINE OF WORK! So yeah buddy that was just an excuse
So no Physical cheating but I’m actually not sure that’s true. When his wife catches him the he and OW is on the couch her legs are draped over his lap while he is messaging her knee cause she faked a fall. Then she tells him she was a thinking of offin he herself… as a way to get more attention. He cups her face tucks her hair behind her ears and has a TENDER moment all the while IGNORING HIS WIFES TEXT AND PHONE CALLS.
So I feel like he was highly crossing physical lines. Had they not been caught would he have kissed her or let it go further.
But for sure he had feelings and for sure he emotionally cheated.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
I enjoyed this story, and once again this author was able to elicit so much angst. I'm kind of the odd man out on this story though. While I'm thrilled the therapy helped Tenn and Lark get their marriage on track again, I'm so emotionally exhausted by this story. The one shining light in this story was Janie and her crazy skills, lol. I love her so much. ["br"]>["br"]>["br"]>["br"]>["br"]>["br"]>["br"]>
3.5 it was hard in the beginning to forgive tenn but I’m glad they worked on their marriage
again this what when the author had no interest in the heroines of her story really dating or having sex with someone who wasn’t the hero .. I’m so glad she changed that up a bit in her stories now bc her writing is really good and I love the angst/hurt feels she puts in her stories
I had been putting this one off because sometimes emotional cheating hits harder than physical and I feel that’s what happened here.
I had a harder time reading Tenn’s emotional affair than I did about the guy who drunkenly kissed his ex. Probably because Tenn actually developed feelings for this woman. He was INFATUATED with her. Thought about her while he wasn’t with her, got excited when she texted him and after work went to see her instead of going to see his wife. Although I hate any kind of cheating at all this was worse to me than a one time kiss. Yeah he groveled and cried but he also developed feelings for another woman who wasn’t his wife, idc what the therapist said.
Note: The author who has added the books to Goodreads is not the author who has written these books (the account is not theirs, this has been verified by the author on Wattpad). Out of respect for the author, I won’t post detailed reviews for these books. I’ll add trigger warnings for those who wanna check them out as well as the link to where to read them. I’ll have personal ratings for me but I won’t be posting them either. I have already read a lot of their books and might have to copy and paste some portions of this on other "reviews" since I do wanna add these books to my shelves. But their books are freely available on Wattpad, they are kind enough to let their stories be free for us all to read. Unfortunately, a lot of people have plagiarized from this author and have tried to add their books to pay-per-chapter apps. If you can help and report this when you see it, that would help a ton.
Lark and Tenn have been together for a long time and have loved each other. After Tenn was saved by his friend, he felt he owed his life to him. So when his friend’s sister needs help renovating her house, Tenn goes to help. The problem is that Lark has noticed that her husband has been absent from their relationship for 2 months. He would brush off her concerns about OW and continued to meet OW, saying it was to fix the house. Lark had enough and decided to confront him at OW’s place. But that is when she sees something she doesn’t expect to see and wants to end things with Tenn. This is one of my favourites from this author, I loved how angsty it was. The grovel was satisfying and the story was addicting.
Happy reading folks. I love GroveltoHEA and they have surprised me by making MMCs do TERRIBLE things and have me forgive them with grovel. And y’all know how much I love grovel. There are so many things I’m against but they somehow manage to make it work. And even if I don’t forgive the MMC entirely, the stories are so well-written.
This story is posted on Wattpad and can be read free there. Please be aware in all these books the Hero messes up in varying degrees from saying something very disloyal to full out cheating, each story is different.
Here's what you'll get with my stories: A strong h. An H who messes up (never the h!) with either cheating (and I consider kissing OW cheating) or some other betrayal. An H who gets his a$$ handed to him for said mess up. An H doing the grovel to HEA! (Always, always, always have to have an HEA between the H and h, but the H has to really work for it.) And, in cases of nasty OW...karma will be stopping by to say hello.
What you'll never get: An h moving on to another man in a serious way. The h having revenge s3x (it's just not going to happen). The h and OW becoming friends (that is also never going to happen).
This story has the Hero help out an old army buddy, who saved his life, he helps his buddy out by helping his sister renovate a house. The heroine is unhappy about the situation as he becomes more and more involved and the Hero and heroine hardly see each other. The heroine witnesses what appears to be an intimate moment and has had enough. The author makes every Hero work for forgiveness. Its not a quick fix, apology and move on, he has to show by his actions that he understands he did wrong and make amends through actions. Then she will think about it....
In this book it is emotional cheating. The OW is totally OTT in her behaviour afterwards and the Hero fully backs the heroine..
HEA.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
These short little books that start in the middle are extremely well written. They start when the cheating/misjudgement/betrayal happens, and purely portray the hero realizing his fuckup and trying to win the heroine back. You get the hero's perspective when he realizes how badly he screwed up. You get the heroine's awful feelings of betrayal. What you don't get is the beginning of them getting together and falling in love, there is no meet-cute or any of that. It really is like jumping in halfway through, right to the black moment.
And... they are so addictive. Some are very similar. As my review for each will be!
More my speed for sure. Emotional cheating with a Sunday school teacher turned petty and violet. She really let her bitch fly and it was awesome. Some parts she was a little too petty and needed to woman the f*** up, but still great story with crazy side characters. Janie anyone? 🤣 The ow was certified mental and Tenn was just right for the pickins.
The hero had an emotional affair with the sister of his friend, for 2 months the heroine told him that he was spending too much time with the OW but he didn't listen, he didn't think he was doing anything wrong at first but then things started escalating, he didn't fall in love with the OW but he did develop feelings for her (he was infatuated), he never kissed her and he never fucked her and said that he never thought about doing it, and for 2 months she was basically his priority he chose to spend his free time with her instead of his wife, the day the h caught them he was sitting on the couch with her legs over his lap, he was rubbing her knee and then he touched her face, he later explained to the h how things had gotten to that point but he didn't make excuses, he was well aware that he'd made the biggest mistake of his life, I loved the way the h treated him after that, I loved all the times that he cried (he even puked once! bonus points for that!😈) and I loved seeing the amount of shame he was feeling, the self-hatred, the self-disgust, ahhh, it was awesome.
The H cut all communication with the OW after the h saw them (that same day he was actually going to tell her that he wasn't going to work with her anymore) but she was a literal psycho and started stalking them, she showed up several times in the story but the H and the h's friends (I loved them! especially Janie) took care of the trash 🤭
There was no OM drama (sadly) I really wish the h had gone to a few dates at least
I hated the h's family (especially her mom), they were a bunch of assholes, all of them took the H's side 😒 it took them way too long to realize how bad they'd treated the h but she forgave them eventually
The epilogue was satisfying: 10 years later and they had 3 kids
Anyway, this was so good, I loved the angst and although I hate cheating with all my soul I gave this book 4* because the writing was great it made me feel so many things, the heroine was strong and the groveling was fanfuckingtastic, the hero's pain was palpable and I enjoyed every second of his suffering! I finished this book with a smile on my face knowing that the hero was going to live every single day of his life feeling guilt and regret until he took he last breath 😏
Quotes:
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
For a Wattpad story… I was shocked. This was a really good story, even if I didn’t agree with everything. I felt like I was in therapy, honestly. And it felt really healing.
I don't know if it makes sense, but this wasn't just some shallow emotional affair—this was deeper, far more complicated and had the potential to turn into a full blown physical affair with feelings involved. If he had left everything behind, come clean to Lark, and confessed that, for a while, he'd been harboring non-platonic feelings for Trisha, then maybe the grovel would’ve felt justified. But no, instead, Lark walks in on them in one of the most compromising situations. Her legs were draped over his thighs, he was cupping her face, holding her close, tucking a lock of her hair behind her ear. That wasn’t just emotional—it had crossed the line into physical territory. That scene was a dealbreaker for me. It wasn’t just an emotional betrayal—it was full-blown, physical infidelity. I read this book twice, and it still blows my mind how the author completely glossed over that couch scene. I kept thinking, what if Lark had been a little later? Would she have walked in on them kissing? Would it have gone even further?
It took him two months to stray, two months to form some emotional connection with a woman who wasn’t his wife. And yet, the groveling? It barely compared to the enormity of his betrayal. He gaslit Lark, she was left questioning everything, and then Dan—the old bastard—adds his two cents by telling her his own story of an affair. It felt like a damn circus. A hot mess from start to finish. I’ve read the author’s other book Gideon and Lyra, and even when they made a stupid mistake, they were separated for months, trying to work things through. But here? A few weeks of distance, a couple of therapy sessions, and that was it. He was off the hook, just like that? It felt so... convenient.
I get it, I really do—other women in these situations are often painted as manipulative, evil characters, but in this case, the author made the other woman extra crazy, as if to make Ten seem like the poor victim. To make him look like he was just manipulated into an affair, rather than fully choosing it. It felt like such a convenient way to shift the focus off of him and onto Trisha. But at the end of it all, it was Lark who was betrayed, and yet, she had to do all the emotional labor. I mean, look at Dan’s story—at least Marty, his wife, shut down emotionally for six months after the affair. Here? There was none of that. Nothing. Just a few therapy sessions, and boom, Lark moves back into the new house and their bedroom like nothing ever happened.
And people are saying Ten groveled for a year? Are they serious? He was forgiven after a handful of therapy sessions. Lark moved back in, and suddenly, everything was fine. He knew she wouldn’t leave, and that lack of fear—that terror of losing her—never really settled in because he was forgiven too quickly. I wanted her to leave him for a whole year, to let that fear of losing her really sink in, to let him stew in the consequences of his actions. But no, none of that. A few therapy sessions, and just like that, everything was swept under the rug. Too convenient, way too convenient. Especially from an author who’s written some incredible, realistic groveling in the past. This was such a letdown.
Also the drama with her family was completely OTT.
Lynn definitely writes for women who need to feel better/validated about their choice to settle in their relationships following cheating and betrayal.
The sexism of her works is unbelievable sometimes.
She's really inconsistent with her messaging. Sometimes the FMC is strong and doesn't settle for abuse or mistreatment but lately her work is giving "shut up and deal with it" and "it's okay to settle for cheaters if they cry a little and beg".
The whole story was giving reward the husband for cheating because he goes to therapy to fix the marriage that he broke and I'm not considered a "sexy" woman so I better just accept whatever I get and get the hell over it.
🚩Important notes: He had romantic/sexual feelings for OW and was spending 2 months with her while ignoring his wife and gaslighting her and telling her she was overreacting and being jealous/unreasonable.
He would spend all of this time with her and waiting for OW texts/calls/when the next time they could see each other and then would try to reassure/assuage his guilt over cheating emotionally by coming home and "grounding himself with his wife" which was a CRAZY ASS euphemism for how he would ONLY see his wife when he wanted sex/ use his wife as HUMAN FLESHLIGHT when his guilt got too bad. He saved all of his emotional connection and intimacy for the OW but use his wife to fulfill his sexual needs. The affair lasts for 2 months.
The FMC was offered up as an emotional sacrifice so that the MMC could work on his issues and develop remorse and emotional maturity. But don't hold your breath because he was written to have the emotional development of a 5th grader but with the gaslighting and manipulation skills of a true emotional abuser.
At the end of the day Lark was just fodder for Tenn to learn how to really mean his vows and still to fidelity after his affair with Trisha.
0/5 Read twice. 100% don't recommend. I seriously hope Lynn stops glorifying cheating and rewarding men's bad behavior cuz atp she's just writing a manual for men to adopt remorseful therapy speak without actually giving a single fuck about the harm and trauma cause to their partner.
I was really excited to dive into this new story, especially after falling in love with Jade's strength and resilience in the previous book. I was hoping to see a similar dynamic with Lark, the female lead in this story. At first, I was loving her snarky attitude and witty responses to Tenn's antics. But as the story went on, I started to feel like she didn't quite live up to my expectations. I wanted her to stand her ground and show some real strength, like she didn't take his cheating lying down. I thought it would be awesome if she'd left him for a few months, making him realize what he stood to lose. Instead, she forgave him pretty quickly after a few therapy sessions, which didn't sit well with me. Honestly, I didn't love Lark as a character and thought Dan was a terrible influence for pushing her into Tenn's arms. I've fallen in love with the female leads in this author's previous books, and each one has been a strong and independent character. But unfortunately, this one didn't quite live up to my expectations. I felt like the story was rushed towards the end, and the resolution was a bit too convenient. I mean, therapy is important, but it felt like it was glossed over and didn't really address the underlying issues. I wanted to see more depth and complexity in the characters' emotional journeys.
One thing that I do appreciate about this author is that they don't shy away from portraying the other woman (OW) as what they truly are - selfish, morally gray, and often manipulative. They're not portrayed as innocent victims or damsels in distress who don't even realize they're breaking a marriage. It's refreshing to see a more realistic portrayal of these types of situations. But overall, I felt like this story fell short of my expectations, and I wish the author had taken more time to develop the characters and plot.
aaaand with this one I will part ways with this author. This one in particular has emotional cheating and the mmc has a hell of a time especially when the ow turns out to be a complete nut job. In some ways I think emotional cheating is just as bad as physical, the mmc has already checked out of the relationship somewhat and its only a matter of time before the physical takes place. I have no doubt in my mind, based on this mmcs pov, he would have gone there. The gymnastics this author does to make the heros somewhat redeemable is laughable and she really likes to put the fmc's through the wringer. I avoided the cheating ones out right, after reading one and it literally turned my stomach. I honestly believe this author hates women or something to that effect. I stayed this long for the drama, a few of the story lines were interesting and i was so curious to see how they would go, some of the comments on wattpad are hilarious and there were truly some great one liners from the fmc to mmc but mostly the grovels were NOT sufficient enough, the punishments didn't fit the crimes. If you read a few of these back to back, they all kind of blend in. The mc books are the worst, the guys are complete and total manwhores, to another level beyond and ugh, soo gross. anywhoo, fun while it lasted and now I'm done.
This was a hard read but it was a good one. The OW Trish really was unstable and I still don't understand why he had feelings for her? Limerance is what the therapist called it but it was hard to understand. The h Lark was one tough cookie and I loved how she tried to gaslight him like he did to her. And her Family really surprised me. I didn't expect the mother to be so accepting of the cheating. I did like what the did to the stalker OW to get rid of her but it totally wasn't realistic. I just was laughing, at the same time thinking they were going to end up in Jail. The husband is working with this woman and starts spending all his time with her and the wife is saying this isn't right. But he blew her off and then one day she takes a video of him touching the OWs legs and cupping her face etc. And I could feel her pain. I really felt bad for her and I hated Tenn very much. Waz he remorseful? Check yeah but he definitely messed up. This is their way back to each other.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
The story had a lot of potential, no doubt about that. The author did a great job portraying the pain and devastation of an emotional affair. But if she’s going to rush the ending just to finish the book, she should probably steer clear of such deep topics. In some of her other books, she made characters grovel way too much over minor mistakes. Yet, in this story—where groveling was actually necessary, and a strong female lead was really needed—she turned the heroine into a complete pushover. Honestly, it was disappointing. In some of her books, she’s written female leads as entitled and annoying, like Tillie in Quest and Tillie. But when she should’ve written strong heroines—like Lark in this book, or Willow—they ended up being total doormats instead and not to mention how much I hated Tenn!
2.5⭐️ because there was no physical cheating ….Emotional cheating is still cheating especially since he admitted he was “feeling” something for the OW😔 No physical cheating even though he was found in a position with this OW that I don’t think could ever be redeemed… The groveling was GREAT!! Tenn was a wreck and disgusted with himself but stupid enough to let it get that far🤷🏻♀️I would never trust him again… There was no doubt he loved Lark but man those 2 months he spent getting closer with this OW was rough even if he thought it was innocent… OW was crazy and manipulative and he fell for her shit… I didn’t care for this one as much as I loved Case and Gemma…at least Case NEVER had any emotional or physical cheating! Tons of OW drama
This woman, Lark, was all talk and no action—a total doormat! And don’t even get me started on how glorified that scumbag Tenn was throughout this book. At first, the author seemed really promising, but by the middle, it felt like she lost interest and hurried through the ending just to wrap things up. I’m so disappointed! Seriously, what a letdown! A couple of snarky comments here and there don’t make for a strong female lead! The moment that cheater Dan tried justifying his own infidelity, our girl started daydreaming about forgiving her cheating husband! Can you believe it? Just a few therapy sessions, and boom—he was off the hook! Absolutely ridiculous! Fuck this author and her nonexistent grovel!!
Watt pad Tenn asked by a military buddy to take care of his sister. He does home restorations and she is restoring a house she has. Lark keeps telling him he is spending too much time with her and he ignores he. He starts spending every moment he has with her. Lark goes to the house to surprise him and sees Tenn and the ow on the couch with her legs on his and him pushing her hair out of her face. She videos this happening and then texts it to him. She can see him ignore her call so she text him again and again and he keeps ignoring her. Finally he looks at his phone and sees the video and looks him to see his wife devastated. Lark ends up throwing a pot through the window
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
This one has cheating obviously, she catches him on the couch with ow, with his one hand on her leg and other on her hair. It's put out as emotional cheating but i'd argue that him touching the ow and us not knowing if it would've gone further hadn't h caught him constitutes physical cheating as well.
He spent 2 months ignoring his wife everyday to spend time with ow. Him having feelings for that ow makes it all worse. Do i think cheaters change? no. But since i only read it for the grovel, i liked that aspect. Then again no amount of grovel would excuse cheating for me
Safety - cheating and a lot of ow drama.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Wattpad read ... I'm loving this authors short reads.
Dumb hero gives OW priority instead of his wife! In the name of helping he spends more time with the OW than his wife for months and has been emotionally cheating on her. She keeps asking him not to give the OW priority but he just keeps gaslighting her until she's had enough and goes to the OW'S house and sees them cuddling and hugging. I love how the heroine reacts and leaves the stupid asshole. This author has some of the best grovels. The heroine doesn't forgive the asshole easily and makes him work for it for months.
I started this one last night at work during some down time. I read that first chapter and I could not even hold my mouse, my hand was shaking so hard because I was so mad on Lark's behalf. This just hit me in my feelings and I felt like Lark did and wanted to kill Tenn. But in true GroveltoHEA form, we get a good resolution and Tenn did some serious groveling.