笠翁对韵

by Li Yu, 李渔

《笠翁对韵》作者李渔（1611～1680），清代初期著名戏曲家、学者，江苏如皋人，祖籍浙江兰溪，原名仙侣，字谪凡，号天徒。中年改名李渔，字笠鸿，号笠翁。本书是他仿照清代学者车万育的《声律启蒙》编写的。 全书分为上下两卷，共90段。像《声律启蒙》一样，按30个韵部编写，包罗天文、地理、花木、鸟兽、人物、器物等，从单字对、双字对、三字对、四字对、五字对、六字对、七字对到十一字对，声韵协调，朗朗上口。经常诵读，可以深入了解我国悠久的历史、灿烂的文化，还可以得到语音、词汇、修辞等方面的综合训练。韵文每个篇章、小节分别设置了序号，方便查阅，也利于诵、背、写这样的学习计划落实。 为了拓展视野，同时有利于将知识转化为能力，本书在《笠翁对韵》之后，附录了民间广泛流传的《学对歌诀》等文，供读者学习揣摩。

208 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2011

About the author

Li Yu (Chinese: 李漁; pinyin: Lǐ Yú, given name: 仙侣 Xiānlǚ; style name: 笠翁 Lìwēng) (1610—1680 AD), also known as Li Liweng was a Chinese playwright, novelist and publisher. Born in Rugao, in present day Jiangsu province, he lived in the late-Ming and early-Qing dynasties. Although he passed the first stage of the imperial examination, he did not succeed in passing the higher levels before the political turmoil of the new dynasty, but instead turned to writing for the market. Li was an actor, producer, and director as well as a playwright, who traveled with his own troupe. His biographers call him a "writer-entrepreneur" and the “most versatile and enterprising writer of his time”.

Li is the presumed author of Ròu pútuán (肉蒲團, The Carnal Prayer Mat), a well-crafted comedy and a classic of Chinese erotic literature. He also wrote a book of short stories called Shí'èr lóu (十二樓, "Twelve Towers"). In his time he was widely read, and appreciated for his daringly innovative subject matter. He addresses the topic of same-sex love in the tale Cuìyǎ lóu (萃雅樓, "House of Gathered Refinements"). This is a theme which he revisits in the collection Wúshēng xì (無聲戲, "Silent Operas" i.e. "novels") and his play The Fragrant Companion. The painting manual Jieziyuan Huazhuan was prefaced and published by Li in Jinling.

Li was also known for his informal essays, or xiaopin (小品), and for his gastronomy and gastronomical writings. Lin Yutang championed Li and translated a number of these essays. Li's whimsical, ironic "On Having a Stomach" proposes that the mouth and the stomach "cause all the worry and trouble of mankind throughout the ages." He continues that the "plants can live without a mouth and a stomach, and the rocks and the soil have their being without any nourishment. Why, then, must we be given a mouth and a stomach and endowed with these two extra organs?" Lin also translated Li's "How to be Happy Though Rich" and "How to be Happy Though Poor", and "The Arts of Sleeping, Walking, Sitting and Standing", which illustrate his satirical approach to serious topics