I debated whether I should write this review. After all, I’m no poetry reader. I usually try to avoid it, especially books with shorter poems. Often, the meaning of the poems, the message escapes me. Something about me just wants to read as fast as possible, which doesn’t really work with poems. Though short they maybe, they need time. They need to be read over and over again.
Then I couldn’t decide whether I wanted to write this review in Dutch or English. The poems of Ingrid Jonker aren’t (currently) available in English, and I read the Afrikaans/Dutch version, with the Afrikaans original and Dutch translation side by side. But then, on the off-chance that some English language publisher sees this review and decides to pick it up, I’m writing it in English. Because I do believe these should be translated into more languages.
And, because I have 0 affinity with poetry and don’t think I’m a good judge for the quality of these poems, I am going to be writing this review based on my personal reading experience, rather than the qualities of this book (though I might have some opinions on the biography lol).
The story of Ingrid Jonker could very well be called a tragedy, which also seeps through especially in her later poems, which were published posthumously. A father who wanted nothing to do with her and a mother who died before her time, only to be taken into a house where her stepmother clearly didn’t want her. According to her biographist Henk van Woerden, this led some people to make up Cinderella-like stories, though those haven’t been proven to be true. A lost soul, is something that came to mind when I read her biography. Someone who can never truly find that feeling of home.
But she was an inspiring woman as well. She was openly critical of the South African government, as evidenced by her poem Die kind wat doodgeskiet is deur soldate by Nyanga (the child that was k*lled by soldiers by Nyanga). She was critical of the Apartheid system, which also led her to be critical of her own father and his policies as he climbed higher and higher in government.
Her life was one of loss. Of loss of that child who lived near the sea, who found true freedom there. The loss of her mother. The fear to lose her child, and the anxieties of motherhood. The loss of authority, when her friend put her into an institution over and over again, cause mental health wasn’t taken seriously enough. And of course, the loss of her own life at just 31 years old, leaving behind a daughter and a heartbroken sister. When Nelson Mandela became the first black South African president, it was her poem, translated into English, that he read.
Throughout life, she struggled to get her poems published. Opperman, who encouraged and mentored her, had her rewriting and editing her poems over and over again. They never were good enough. To some extent, I agree. Especially her earlier poems were more childlike, more simple. Her later poems, that ones published in Kantelson, are more mature, but with that a lot darker.
Though I enjoyed reading her poems, they didn’t quite hit that point that makes me go ‘wow’. To be fair to Ingrid, very little poems actually do (for me). Though what I will admit, is that I read the poems in Dutch rather than in Afrikaans, and despite Komrij’s best efforts, missed the intricacies and the rhythm because of that. But then I read her biography. I did find it lacking in some points; I would have liked for it to explore her relation to motherhood more, as she was so adamant to keep her daughter after her split with Pieter Venter, only to then go to Europe and spend evenings at friends’ houses. It also could have explored the impact of her mental health better; now it read as if she was constantly sent off to institutions, which she was, without mentioning the impact that sort of treatment might have had. Of course, mental health was still very stigmatized at the writing of this biography. But despite these criticisms, I did enjoy the biography. Van Woerden beautifully weaves the landscapes together, from the seascape to the big city. You thought yourself in Cape Town, in Johannesburg, in Gordons Bay. And, what I appreciated most from this biography, is that I found a new understanding for her poems. I read some of them after having read the biography, which I read last, and truly understood them now. I felt the anxiety of looming motherhood in Swanger Vrou, understood the sadness of Mamma and read the poems of Intieme Gesprek as what they were; whispers in bed, under the cover of night, for no one else but the one sleeping beside you to hear. And sometimes not even them, for it is only when they are asleep that you dare speak the truth. And maybe this just comes from me not being able to read poetry, but her biography did give me a better understanding, one I would have liked to have before.
Some poets can be read without knowing their life story. For some, it is irrelevant. But in the case of Ingrid Jonker, I think knowing the context of her life only ascribes power to the poems, strengthens them. They’re good in their own, but they become so much more meaningful when you know who she was because they are so connected to her, because they are so incredibly personal.
And that makes them all the more beautiful.