This quote, placed at the start of chapter 7 of this book, nicely sums up the author’s general attitude toward psychiatric medication and the psychiatric community: “On Prozac, Sisyphus might well push the boulder back up the mountain with more enthusiasm and creativity. I do not want to deny the benefits of psychoactive medication. I just want to point out that Sisyphus is not a patient with a mental health problem. To see him as a patient with a mental health problem is to ignore certain larger aspects of his predicament connected to boulders, mountains, and eternity” (Carl Elliott). The author is not opposed to the use of psychiatric medications (he’s used them), but he is concerned they are prescribed too easily, for too mild emotional/psychological ailments, and with too much of an attitude that mental problems are biological diseases to be treated with pill and too little acknowledgment of the fact that there are circumstantial life elements and spiritual elements that contribute. He notes that there is often no good way, for instance, to study whether taking an anti-depressant improves depression more than a life change would.
In general, he advocates the simultaneous use of therapeutic, medical, behavioral, and spiritual approaches to tackling the problem of mental illness. “The real challenge is to avoid dichotomous thinking. Positions that understand mental illness as solely a matter of nature or of nurture will always fall short. A healing discipline that frames human suffering only in terms of disease lacks commonsense validity….my quarrel with psychiatry and pharmaceutical companies is not about drugs per se. I am far more bothered by the confluence of forces that lead doctors to routinely medicate for life distress.” He feels there is some danger that most or all emotional pain, which is sometimes necessary, will come to be seen as abnormal, and that because culture defines normalcy, there is a threat that psychiatry can be used as a tool of forced conformity. “The more pills we dispense for normal distress, the more we avoid tackling our most difficult social problems, potentially undermine personal responsibility, and perhaps even threaten the sort of diversity necessary for a flourishing democracy.”
The book recounts the struggles of numerous depressed individuals, most who realize they need medication but who nonetheless have an ambiguous relationship with the drugs they take and who would like to be able to stop taking them, and some of whom have tried unsuccessfully. It honestly explores the fears that drug takers have of losing some portion of their authentic selves. Overall, it’s a fairly balanced and sympathetic book. It’s cautious about psychiatry without being alarmist. His advice to those who suffer from depression? “Recognize that drugs alone are not the answer. Have realistic expectations about medications. Move beyond the shame and stigma associated with mental illness. Appreciate what your illness can teach you about yourself and life in general. Don’t give up hope.”
The quotations from interviewees became a bit excessive at times; his basic points are summed up neatly in the end, and this may have made a better long article than a book. It’s worth reading (or at least skimming) if you or a family member is suffering from depression and considering the use of antidepressants (or is already using them).