We have had so many times, over the years, you and I, for you to tell me your life. What has intrigued me, Gorgik, is that every time you’ve sat down to tell it, it has always come out differently.
It took me almost eight years to read the four volumes gathering the Neveryon stories, which infers that it was a bumpy ride and not your run-of-the mill escapist sword & sorcery adventure. Looking back though, I must admit that, despite the hard work that Delany often requires from the reader, this was one of the most rewarding explorations of myth and symbolism I have ever encountered.
It is in the mirror that the ego is first born as an idea, and it is in the echo of the symbolic voice that it gains its identity: the analytic mirror must displace – ‘subdue’ – these ‘archaic imagos’.
The reason the lecture needs your full attention is the layered structure of the story. There is always subtext in the narrative of the young slave who becomes Gorgik the Liberator in a barbaric country at the dawn of history. Delany the linguist seeks to expose the roots of language and myth. Through this exercise he strives to illuminate the depths of the subconscious mind. The quote from Jacques Lacan that he puts at the start of this final volume is probably intended as the key to unlock the twists and turns in the story of Gorgik.
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The Game of Time and Pain begins with a scene that should be familiar to readers who grew up reading mythology, or to fans of Neil Gaiman’s ‘Sandman’ comics: in a small village, in the middle of nowhere, three women meet to discuss the rumours of a strange man who came to the abandoned castle nearby. The old crone weaves a complex fabric on her loom, the housewife brings water and gossip from the fountain while the pig girl watches them and dreams of knights and princesses. They must be Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos who cut and measure the lives of men and women, or the Kindly Ones in charge of one’s destiny, or those the Norse named Norns. Many any other cultures who searched for answers to the questions of life will recognize them. But Gorgik is not aware of them sitting in judgement. He is simply looking for a resting place before he follows the funeral of an old adversary.
In the old castle, the introspective Gorgik is startled in the middle of the night by an intruder: a young naked barbarian sleeps in a room below. The image awakens long lost memories and fiery desires. Can they be separated? or are they two sides of the same coin?
Yes, I have such memories. You have, too. We both return to them, now and again, to weave, unweave, and reweave the stories that make our lives comprehensible to us. But whatever fascination, or even partial truth, such memories hold, how useful can they be to someone who wishes to understand how his or her freedom works? How can you define the self from a time when the self was too young to understand definition? Let me speak instead of the stunned, wary, and very frightened boy who, a decade later, was a slave.
The story has probably been already told, by Gorgik or by one of the other players in the Game of Time and Pain, the game of self-awareness though experience. Our story changes with each re-telling, just as we, the narrators, change with time , with our victories and with our defeats in the game.
For Gorgik, the key moment in his journey through life is an accidental encounter with four nobles from the High Court in Kolhari. They camped near the slave mines where a teenage Gorgik was sent after a violent revolution in the capital city and, bored, they asked the overseer to sent three young slaves over for their entertainment.
“I wanted this power, Udrog, I wanted it desperately. And by recognizing that want, I woke to myself: what I wanted was the power to remove the collar from the necks of the oppressed, including my own. But I knew, at least for me, that the power to remove the collar was wholly involved with the freedom to place it there when I wished.”
I will not explain in detail what went on during that evening [death, fear, pleasure, anger, etc]. What is important for Gorgik is that he started to question the events in his life, he started looking for reasons, for cause and effect, for a way to take control of destiny. Accidentally, while his rational mind was awakened, so is his sexual awareness, forever linked from then on with the symbolic gesture of putting on and removing the slave collar, with the game of master and servant, of submission and dominance.
Years later, and many, many lessons later from both political and bedroom teachers, Gorgik will be asked to be a role model for his contemporaries.
“How can I lead you?” And I laughed. “I cannot tell rage, fear, or desire from the love of freedom itself. Nor am I at all sure they aren’t, finally, the same.”
A black man with a shaved head and whip marks on both flanks said from the group’s middle: “But you can grin at the confusions; you can dismiss the distinctions – they do not stop you. You can act. Lead us, Gorgik.”
We can take the analogy one step further: Delany has already told us that fantasy Neveryon is just a mirror of our own, contemporary society. Gorgik is the author, the artist who has freed his mind from misconceptions, the man who has looked into the mirror and has discovered himself, the leader who can show us the way to freedom.
The speculation becomes like a heavy drug when you realize how far language can take you. Delany is in my opinion a playful, sly and subversive narrator, luring us in with a promise of easy escapism into a fantasy land of dragons, barbarians and sexy ladies [and boys] of loose morals, only to turn the tables and force us to consider our own shape in the mirror he created. He believes in the powers of language to define and change our lives.
Your literacy – certainly one of the first things I noticed about you when I decided to buy you from the mines – is not usually what you mention, unless asked. And more than once, my friend, my creation, my mirror, I have thought your suppression of that fact from the general narrative you tell and retell of your life is the sign of its indubitable core import.
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The Tale of Rumor and Desire changes the timeline and the main actor to another young man named Clodon. After a wild and dissolute youth that ended with his body marked for life by twelve lashes, Clodon runs away from his village to Kolhari, where he ends up as one of the naked vagabonds begging for scraps or selling their bodies on the Bridge of Lost Desire.
Like Gorgik in the previous tale, Clodon is awakened to self by mixed revelations about his sexuality and about the power other men have over him. What finally turned Clodon from an impulsive, chaotic hell raiser and drifter is another name for the Game of Life and Pain, this time anchored in the dichotomy between lust and desire.
For – let me repeat it – we have been writing about the power of desire.
What? You thought it was lust? No.
Before the Bridge of Lost Desire, Clodon was all about Lust and he went along stealing, seducing and brawling without a care for the future. Then he sees a young woman washing clothes under the bridge.
He’d never known eyes could have that effect because, he realized, in order to have it, the face about them had to be smiling.
Or laughing.
[...] He smiled because if someone smiles at you, and you want them to go on smiling, you smile back; otherwise, they will frown, or look dour, or shake their head and turn away; and Clodon wanted this woman, kneeling on the rock, water on her face and forearms, to go on smiling at him till the nameless gods balled up the desert with the sea and the mountains among them, in preparation for the recrafting of the world.
The revealing mirror is the awareness of your face, of your actions in another person’s eyes / mind. It’s different than the lust to posses, to dominate, to satisfy your most basic needs. And the understanding of the difference is the first step on the road to freedom. A road that will take Clodon all across Neveryon for the next four decades, without ever seeing those smiling eyes again. But it doesn’t really matter, the catalyst has worked its magic.
The voice said: ‘Lust has made me a slave. But desire has set me free.’
The voice said: ‘Freedom has let me lust. But I am a slave to desire.’
The tale of Clodon is linked with the tale of Gorgik by another slave collar, one offered to the young ruffian by a wealthy patron as an invitation to join a group of BDSM pleasure seekers. Clodon is tempted, especially when he notices how his collar is a form of power he can exercise over men driven by lust. But now Clodon can balance this power with the lure of the smiling eyes and he, like Gorgik, suddenly realizes that the freedom to put and to remove the symbolic collar rests in his hands alone.
Decades later, Clodon is still an outcast marked by the lash, a drunkard and a vagabond. His story has more pain than freedom in it, a lot more lust than realised dreams in it. But he is a man who can recognize desire and follow it, even if it comes from a different pair of smiling eyes.
‘The ones who see themselves clear; who can look in a mirror and see who they are. They’re lucky. And yet, when you do see what it is you want, it seems so ...’
‘Simple?’ she asked.
He laughed a little without opening his mouth. ‘Lucky ... that’s all!’
I hope that these quotes can show why I consider Delany a true magician who uses words and symbols to create his illusions, tricks and metaphors that at first baffle you only to make you want to applaud when he pulls the rabbit out of the hat. Don’t be afraid of metaphysical dragons and pay no heed to warnings about how difficult a writer he is. Take the plunge!
‘There really isn’t much to be afraid of with dragons. Up close, they’re all noise and bad smell. And there’s not that many left.’
‘Now you see?’ she said, ‘That’s something, somewhere in your travels, you’ve actually learned. It’s very valuable knowledge, too.’
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The Tale of Gorgik is a recapitulation and a re-examination of the whole series. It is the closest to the sword & sorcery original expectations I had from the series and it keeps the metaphysics and the deconstruction to a minimum. But the reader is already prompted to search between the lines, to look for context and, in case he has forgotten how, there’s another quote from Edward Said to lead the way into the story:
Because we must deal with the unknown, whose nature is by definition speculative and outside the flowing chain of language, whatever we make of it will be no more than probability and no less than error.
The subconscious might be ultimately unknowable, but that’s no reason to give up. Gorgik became the Liberator not through psychoanalysis, but because he had not let his doubts and insecurities stop him from acting on his desire for freedom.
In the first story he witnessed lords abusing their power, being in turn slaves of lust. After he is freed from the slave mines by another royal princess looking for a rough tumble in bed with a smelly barbarian, Gorgik is taken to the court in Kolhari, where he sees the Game of Freedom and Slavery played at the highest level in Neveryon.
For it is precisely at its center that one loses the clear vision of what surrounds, what controls and contours every utterance, decides and develops every action, as the bird has no clear concept of air, though it support her every turn, or the fish no true vision of water, though it blur all she sees.
So, in order to take control of his own life, Gorgik needs to move away from the center of power. His patron allows him to be trained as an army officer and after this, Gorgik goes through numerous career changes that will eventually complete his journey of self-discovery.
The basic education of Gorgik had been laid ... all of these [jobs] merely developed motifs we have already sounded. Gorgik, at thirty-six, was tall and great-muscled, with rough, thinning hair and a face (with its great scar) that looked no more than half a dozen years older than it had at twenty-one, a man comfortable with horse and sword, at home with slaves, thieves, soldiers, prostitutes, merchants, counts, and princesses; a man who was – in his way and for his epoch – the optimum product of his civilization.
The challenge of the author to the reader is finally spelled out: look for a mirror, know thyself, and act on that knowledge if you want to become an ‘optimum product of your civilization’.
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Closures and Openings
Where do we go from Neveryon? The magician is kindly offering us a glimpse behind the curtain, he reveals some of the literary tricks he used in the series, some of the names that opened his own eyes, some of his preferred interpretations of the text.
I more or less thought of these stories as a Child’s Garden of Semiotics.
... for Barthes, semiology was ‘the labor that collects the impurities of language, the wastes of linguistics, the immediate corruption of any message: nothing less than the desires, fears, expressions, intimidations, advances, blandishments, protests, excuses, aggressions, and melodies of which active language is made.’
The unconscious is structured, declared Lacan so famously in ‘Ecrits’, as a language.
So, it might be the stories of Robert E Howard, Fritz Leiber, Michael Moorcock, Joanna Russ [?] who are mentioned as early influences on Delany that made him choose a sword & sorcery setting.
Or, it might be the academic studies of Barthes, Lacan, Said, Eco, Guy Davenport who explore the structure of language and the meaning of signs.
Or, the most probable for me, another of Samuel Delany’s provocative, difficult, unorthodox speculative fictions.