Stanisław Lem (staˈɲiswaf lɛm) was a Polish science fiction, philosophical and satirical writer of Jewish descent. His books have been translated into 41 languages and have sold over 27 million copies. He is perhaps best known as the author of Solaris, which has twice been made into a feature film. In 1976, Theodore Sturgeon claimed that Lem was the most widely read science-fiction writer in the world.
His works explore philosophical themes; speculation on technology, the nature of intelligence, the impossibility of mutual communication and understanding, despair about human limitations and humankind's place in the universe. They are sometimes presented as fiction, but others are in the form of essays or philosophical books. Translations of his works are difficult and multiple translated versions of his works exist.
Lem became truly productive after 1956, when the de-Stalinization period led to the "Polish October", when Poland experienced an increase in freedom of speech. Between 1956 and 1968, Lem authored 17 books. His works were widely translated abroad (although mostly in the Eastern Bloc countries). In 1957 he published his first non-fiction, philosophical book, Dialogi (Dialogues), one of his two most famous philosophical texts along with Summa Technologiae (1964). The Summa is notable for being a unique analysis of prospective social, cybernetic, and biological advances. In this work, Lem discusses philosophical implications of technologies that were completely in the realm of science fiction then, but are gaining importance today—like, for instance, virtual reality and nanotechnology. Over the next few decades, he published many books, both science fiction and philosophical/futurological, although from the 1980s onwards he tended to concentrate on philosophical texts and essays.
He gained international fame for The Cyberiad, a series of humorous short stories from a mechanical universe ruled by robots, first published in English in 1974. His best-known novels include Solaris (1961), His Master's Voice (Głos pana, 1968), and the late Fiasco (Fiasko, 1987), expressing most strongly his major theme of the futility of mankind's attempts to comprehend the truly alien. Solaris was made into a film in 1972 by Russian director Andrei Tarkovsky and won a Special Jury Prize at the Cannes Film Festival in 1972; in 2002, Steven Soderbergh directed a Hollywood remake starring George Clooney.
1.5 pierwszy rozdział był fajny,ale im dalej tym gorzej. dlaczego Lem wymyśla swoje własne słowa? po co? dlaczego co 5 stron jest zdanie typu: ”Kochał się król ów w mundurach i złotych sznurach, w lampasach i kutasach”?? nie rozumiem i nie chce rozumiec sensu tej książki. jest ona po prosty o niczym.
These short science fiction stories are about the adventures of Trurl and Klapacius, two "constructors" skilled at building incredible robots and machines.
Whether traveling to other planetary civilizations or staying at home, they provide a funny commentary on technology, society, and personal rivalries. Despite being written decades ago, they also show the pitfalls of concepts such as intelligent machines and virtual reality.
I had to stop in the middle. It's ok to explore this author's very unique style of writing and vocabulary that he uses, but to read the whole set of these is too much for me. I simply got bored and could not appreciate the speed of each chapter (or basically the whole story that was presented).
Kiedy przeczytałem tą książkę w wieku lat 15, było to arcydzieło. Ponownie przeczytałem w wieku 30 lat i była ta książka całkiem dobra. Dzisiaj po przeczytaniu ponownie tej książki w wieku 49 lat ocenami ją jako bardzo przeciętną.
"Bajki robotów" Lema to ciekawe połączenie klimatów science fiction z cechami znanymi z wzorcowych bajek, których dziesiątki każdy z nas słyszał w dzieciństwie. Są one krótkie, często zabawne i każda z nich posiada jakiś własny, łatwy do odnalezienia morał. Wadą tego zbioru jest to, że w niektórych bajkach z tego zbioru powtarzają się motywy co jak na zbiór 15 krótkich opowiadań jest cechą mocno kłującą w oczy i negatywnie zaskakującą, szczególnie gdy zobaczymy z jak wybitnym pisarzem mamy do czynienia.