Bruce N. Waller's Critical Thinking: Consider the Verdict is the best book of critical thinking on the market. The book demonstrates how good critical thinking comes about through arguments in the technical sense, where a set of premises is used to establish a conclusion. Deductive and inductive arguments are distinguished and common logical fallacies exposed, and also some important issues related to critical thinking are explored, including scientific reasoning and the value of testimony as a source of evidence.
Featured here on Goodreads is the fifth edition. I have the sixth edition, which expands upon some chapters and material, and I believe there is now a seventh edition. My first exposure to this book was about 20 years ago with the fifth edition, which was more than satisfying.