I really enjoy histories of physical culture and everyday objects. Not only do they blur the disciplinary lines between archaeology, anthropology, and history, but they often have an almost Platonic awareness of the world. What I’m referring to here is a tendency to treat the mundane attentively, and to uphold an ontology which separates appearance from reality. If you take a closer look at the world, you start to realize that nothing is mundane, and no subject matter is trivial.
A good example of these philosophical tendencies is What We Did in Bed, a refreshing and entertaining piece of cultural history from Brian Fagan and Nadia Durrani. Although today’s bed is usually reserved for sleep and sex in the Western world, that hasn’t always been the case in the West, nor anywhere else for that matter. For Fagan and Durrani, beds are revelatory objects that have the power to “[…] reveal who we are, how we live, and what we think […]”. A bed is not only a bed; rather, a bed is a meaning-laden socio-cultural product. A bed is more than its mere utility as a piece of furniture, though it is certainly that, too. Beyond the appearance of its everyday use lies a rich background of meanings and symbols, which can be accessed through historical interpretation. In this reading of ‘the everyday’, what appears to be neutral and innocuous on the surface can actually be a portal into the deeper structures of the human condition.
What can a bed reveal about the human condition over time and space? As it turns out, quite a lot, actually. As Fagan and Durrani point out, “[l]ife usually begins and generally ends on a bed”. At one point or another, the bed has been the setting upon which birth, death, and almost everything in between has occurred throughout human history. Beds have been encoded with a near-infinite array of meanings, including different conceptions of privacy, hygiene, gender roles, social status, reproductive practices, funerary rituals, labour relations, and even international diplomacy. The who, what, where, when, why, and how of sleep can reveal the ways in which we think about ourselves and the world. For millennia, all sorts of human needs and values have been inscribed on the bed, that most fundamental of all pieces of furniture. And as an entry point into human history, it’s a pretty fascinating place to climb in.