我所看到的上流生活：社會學家的金權倫敦踏查報告，深入挖掘特權、財富、金融投機與嚴密階級高牆共同掩蔽的都會實景

by Caroline Knowles, 鄭煥昇 (Translator)

一部財富與富人們隱密棲地的實地踏查報告
都會中財閥勢力與富豪特權的暗黑民族誌

洪敬舒 | 臺灣勞工陣線協會研究部主任
黃克先 | 國立臺灣大學社會學系教授、《危殆生活》作者
盧郁佳 | 作家
丹尼．道靈（Danny Dorling） | 《大減速》（Slowdown）作者
——推薦

🌃貧窮與超乎想像的富裕並存於同一時空，甚至往往就在倫敦同一條街上，
街道兩端連起超級富豪坐擁的萬貫家財，以及窮人在當中愈陷愈深的赤貧跟剝奪。
究竟是什麼，讓屬於公眾的都市變成這副模樣？

在倫敦這座國際大都市，有錢人的數量及資產規模正以驚人速度增長。超級富豪是這座城市最令人不安也最神祕的存在。
他們過著不論在社會、政治或環境層面上，都不具永續性的生活，也成了我們這時代亟待解決的問題。
上世紀至今的歷代英國政府蓄意建構一種政經生態系，去支撐匯集於私人手中的極端財富；
主政者稱之為「一道能讓大小船隻一起上漲的潮水」。實情是，貧富差距已達到難以想像的地步，
倫敦精華地段富人飲美酒、搭名車、享豪宴、著華服的同時，同一區內38%的兒童卻生活在貧窮中。

我們對這群富豪的認識少之又少。他們是誰？他們怎麼看待自己，看待別人，看待倫敦？他們錢打哪來？又是怎麼花錢？
他們如何與自己的金錢共處？身為倫敦大學金匠學院社會學者的作者卡若琳．諾斯用「腳」探究了這些問題。
她走入倫敦街道四處踏查，並匿名訪談富人、富人家屬，以及為這群人效命的服侍者階層等數十名人士，
藉此揭開倫敦富豪生活的簾幕。循著金錢在都會中流動的路徑，她造訪了會員制俱樂部、富太太的客廳、
投資銀行大樓、離婚律師辦公室、王家地產附近的巷弄……直擊富豪各種不尋常的活動。

在本書中，作者會帶讀者共同見識超乎常人想像的另一種「都會平行時空」：

💰為富人打理財務與庶務的「家族辦公室」業務是無奇不有，包括組織法律團隊協助奢華度假期間玩過頭闖禍的年輕人脫身，以及前去尼泊爾營救徒步旅行半途病倒的富裕老太太。
💔在倫敦置產、工作與定居的俄國富豪婚姻觸礁時，往往刻意選擇回莫斯科發動離婚程序，好保障「準前夫」最大權益，甚而可能早早藉境外公司將資產挪至「安全處」，以防「準前妻」染指數億英鎊財富。
🌇2007-08年金融海嘯讓全倫敦勒緊褲帶度日，但知名的海德公園一號建案有近90戶高級公寓仍以天價售出，且七成登記在企業而非個人名下；夜間時大樓一片漆黑，顯然功能為投資標的而非真正住宅。
💤某戶豪門中，女主人自顧自熬夜看電視到清晨五點，僕役只能隨時待命、一路伺候各種需求，更被下令不得擅離食物儲藏室。有時主人會表示要睡了，僕役便可下班，但她卻也曾逕自就寢，不說一聲，讓僕役等到天亮。
🎓私立菁英院校內，豪門子弟未畢業便先獲得銀行內定職位，只因有個某某企業執行長老爸，或者家中認識某某企業執行長；再不然，畢業想開公司的話，找爸媽掏出一千萬鎊前期投入資金也沒問題。
✨光雕設計廠商某日被一名未預約的寡頭案主直接用私人飛機載走，因為對方臨時起意要在遊艇上安裝光雕；這些高檔豪華的交通工具，說白了即是另一種炫富舞台。

數年來，諾斯追蹤富人的生活模式、謀生之道與居住環境，寫下這本對倫敦最富裕居民與最精華地段的探索紀實。
她要讓屬於這群人的倫敦進入讀者視野，並帶領大家反思：以財富或階級劃分得壁壘分明，不存在人際互惠、
集體生活與鄰里互動的城市，會是多麼慘澹淒涼的光景？本書以專業社會學視角與深刻的文字，
呈現出現今這財富極度不均時代大都會殘酷的社會斷面，更邀請讀者思索心目中宜居而和諧的城市，應該是什麼樣貌。

Genres: Nonfiction, Economics, Politics, Audiobook, London, Anthropology, Finance

400 pages, Paperback

Published February 22, 2024

Reviews

[Simon Howard · Rating 4 out of 5]

This book, based on a sociological research study, was published in May. Knowles walked around the wealthier parts of London and interviewed people who are found there. It was recommended in Tom Rowley’s newsletter as being “packed with sharply-observed insights into how the super-rich make their money and how they spend it. Gently written, with warmth and real curiosity.”

I’d agree with all of that. Knowles went well beyond simply describing the enormous privilege in which the super-rich are surrounded, and tried to genuinely understand the people and their world. One is left with the unavoidable impression that many of the super-rich are simply unaware of the real world, and most of them don’t come across as especially kind nor friendly.

I expected the gaping inequality, and so was perhaps a little less shocked by that than the tone suggests I might be. What really depressed me about this book is the lack of imagination, the sheer mundanity of the everyday life of the people described. The sense of “keeping up with the Joneses” and the divisions between the “haves and have yachts” feels essentially grounded in the same envy as at other income levels. So much of the behaviour seemed to be driven by a sense of societal norms—we simply must have a swimming pool / country house / yacht because that’s what people would expect of those with our income.

I suppose I like to think—in the face of overwhelming evidence to the contrary—that if I had effectively unlimited means then I’d spend my life trying to do something demonstrably worthwhile and leave the world a better place. I see that, to huge swathes of the world’s population, I do have effectively unlimited means, and yet, here I am, writing fairly shoddy and mostly unread book reviews rather than volunteering at the local soup kitchen. I suppose this book pierced my fantasy that my life would be different if I just had a little more money.

[Giulia · Rating 5 out of 5]

I’ve never understood how wealth relates banks, private equity, royals and art galleries. This book taught me so much about the London that rich people live, in secrecy, and how much I don’t envy them at all.

[Felicity · Rating 3 out of 5]

Seriously disappointing. A newspaper review had led me to expect a rather more rigorous study of London's plutocracy; what I had not anticipated were the author's anecdotal impressions of the super rich, how they'd made (or been gifted) their money, and what they did with their wealth. The silly nicknames assigned to the interviewees so as to protect their anonymity further contributed to the levity of this survey of the boneheaded and air-headed entrants to the super-rich list. It's an entertaining read, sometimes provocative, but the investigation collapses into Sunday supplement 'colour pieces' in place of well sustained analysis. Even the trek along the Thames is a leisurely pursuit: the author is wearing ballerina pumps.

[Frazer · Rating 4 out of 5]

This book's conceit is instantly appealing - a sociologist walks through Britain's capital visiting all the wealthiest parts, interviewing their denizens, and experiencing their reality.

Despite being over 300 big pages, I was pretty captivated throughout. The sheer variety of kinds of wealthy people and the way they understand and rationalise their abundance was alarming and fascinating in equal measure.

There's also just something morbidly fascinating witnessing extravagance and profligacy - which so much reality TV taps into.

I would have liked Knowles to have revealed more about herself. How did she find her interviewees and what strings did she have to pull? There's something in her trying to remain a mere observer. But surely a part of any science is explaining one's method and potential biases.

Along with Birnam Wood and So Distant From My Life, this is the last in a series of books that have dealt with the pathologies of excess. Collectively, I think they've persuaded me not to sell out and become a management consultant - life's too short to seek money for money's sake.

[Shyue Chou Chuang · Rating 2 out of 5]

This volume provides an illustration of the landscape of the rich, namely, the plutocrats in London.

The volume starts off with interviews with people in the financial district, the City. This is followed by Mayfair, St James, Belgravia. Her walk then took her to Notting Hill and North Kensington, followed by Central Kensington and South Kensington. She would find equity houses in Mayfair, private clubs, offices of family estates and more and people to interview. She would then visit the denizens of Chelsea, Regent Park and Richmond. Finally, she would venture out of the boundaries of London to visit Virginia Water.

The more revealing part of this volume comes in the final third where butlers are interviewed, the young idle rich are interviewed as is the student who is a classmate of the children of the plutocrats. The lifestyles and the excesses of the plutocrats are revealed here in all its gory glory.

The viscera hatred that the writer has for the plutocrats comes across in the numerous passages at throughout the volume, this volume was written with the tearing down of those plutocrats in mind or so it seems. At every instance, she would sneer at the deeds of the plutocrats, everything they did would be explained by ulterior motives. However, it is not hard to observe why the writer has a hatred for the rich.

This is a rather surface treatment of the idle rich who are often vacuous and aimless. This exposé does not offer any new insights that the likes of Daily Mail or The Sun do not already show.

Finally, she calls for wealth to be redistributed.

[Jake · Rating 5 out of 5]

I picked this book up interested in it's methodological approach, ostensibly using walking as a way of understanding moneys impact on London, but found myself drawn into the books main topic as well. In places this book reads as a serious academic text, while in others it has the salacious details of popular non-fiction. In this balance it offers a compelling and interesting exploration of how the super rich exist within London, shape the city and see themselves.

[Rory Lilley · Rating 4 out of 5]

Interesting

[Sean Canty · Rating 5 out of 5]

The writer is a London-based social anthropologist who has turned her expertise in the material world back on her city to show how a global class of wealthy elites shapes new labour, leisure and property markets. This is a thoroughly researched study of the lives of the super rich in London, with an impressive cast list of people with insights into nearly every aspect of their lives - from domestic staff and professionals who serve the rich to people who belong to the class themselves.

The impression she gives of the wealthy is one of idle, unanchored and purposeless lives, but there is plenty of insight here into the way the spectacle of wealth pollutes everyday life for the rest of us too. She writes about how our coexistence with the super-wealthy inevitably brings us into their orbits and their hollow value-systems, so that it's impossible to ignore their consequences if you live in London.

[Ally Yang]

[2025.05.18_75]

【6 March 2025 / kobo-pchome / 214】

[Cory Johnson · Rating 3 out of 5]

London is dead. It has become (in Caroline Knowles' piquant phrase) a city of "Haves" and "Have Yachts" with no room for the rest of us who provide the services, culture and good vibes that make a city liveable.

This book was a great idea, but in execution it falls a little flat. This isn't Knowles' fault: the rich, as she notes again and again, interview after tedious interview, are really just insipid losers, attempting to gain through largesse what they never really had, whether it be intelligence (via elite education), cultural capital (via art collections and patronage) or psychological safety (via gated estates and private security). And they fail to do so, which means they — and their thoughts, perspectives and attitudes — are profoundly dull.

The best parts of the book, therefore, are when Knowles interviews the security guards, cleaners and servants of this ennui class. They have the really entertaining anecdotes. Unfortunately it seems Knowles herself realized this a little too late, and you have to plod along through the chats of yummy mummies and small-dicked investment bankers for about 160 pages before you get to the meaty stuff and the opinions that make this book (eventually) great.

Anthropological detachment just doesn't work when the subjects are so vapid. But definitely recommend if you can get through the slog!

[Seb · Rating 3 out of 5]

Well written book. Reads well . However from my perspective unscientific in its approach to tackle the questions at hand. Interviews with single people aka one replicate are extrapolated to an entire group. Too much of the authors own opinion. Some claims are not backed up with references, e.g. Link between wealth and depression. Not enough numbers for my taste.

[Tom M (London) · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is a brilliant read, although it's about the most disgusting, stupid, uninteresting people you can think of: the filthy rich who inhabit London today. Caroline Knowles has configured the book as a series of walking, bus, Tube, or (occasionally) taxi trips to explore the areas of the city where these people are to be found, and she has included handy maps of each district (Notting Hill, Chelsea, etc.).

Given that the filthy rich never want to be talked about and certainly wouldn't give interviews, Knowles resorts to subterfuge by talking to the people who know them, old school friends, acquaintances, servants and so on who are willing to spill the beans on condition that they cannot be identified and their real names are not used. Many of them are delighted to be able to unburden themselves about the the absurd behaviour of the people they work for and the working conditions they have to put up with.

The first section of the book is a slightly off-putting exploration of how the filthy rich actually make their money; this becomes quite technical to a point where one begins to suspect that the author is actually interested. But then she eases off on all the detailed talk about hedge funds and derivatives, and gets into describing who these people are and, perhaps even more interestingly, who the other people are, a rung or two lower on the social ladder, who cater to their every desire: the butler class.

Caroline Knowles writes well and intelligently, and her very slightly ironic tone is just right; the temptation to be openly indignant or angry about the existence of these absurd and wasteful parasites is kept well in check. She is also very funny, when describing some of the foibles of these spoilt, childish people and their utterly pointless existences.

If you live in London you *must* read this. If you don't, you'll probably be glad you don't have to think about these people, who despite all their efforts to be distant and impossible to approach, are somehow always present. Just as it's said that you're never more than 6 feet away from a rat in London, the same applies to these equally repulsive rich people; if you live anywhere in London, there's always one not far away.

Of course it's easy to criticise this book for what it is not; Knowles cannot suggest any solutions to the problem she so brilliantly brings out into the open, and she has nothing to say about what anyone might do to bring social inequality to an end, but I don't suppose she could have been expected to do that.

As a former impecunious inhabitant of Notting Hill when it was badly run down and all the houses were subdivided into HMOs (Houses in Multiple Occupation or, to put it more simply, rooming houses), I'm interested in the process of gentrification, and to her credit Knowles does describe this quite extensively. However what's missing here is a longer historical perspective of how a city like London has always been like this, occupied by filthy rich people who require poorer people living near them who will serve them, clean their toilets, walk their dogs, and look after their children.

This story of the rich and the poor is so old that its beginning cannot be discerned, still less its ending and how that might come about (for more on this see Walter Scheidel: "The Great Leveler: Violence and the History of Inequality from the Stone Age to the Twenty-First Century"). It would have been interesting to see the Author taking a longer view to consider how today's filthy rich, and the gentrification they cause, was preceded by previous generations doing the same thing, when other run-down areas of London (like Islington in the time of Orwell, or Battersea today) were gentrified by the same sort of people.

What we have now, however, is a more open sense of indignation about the behaviour of these people and how they get away with offshoring their money and not paying their taxes, and so on. Books like this (and there will be others) do help to keep that indignation alive, and encourage a subversive spirit that is surely taking us in the right direction. For that reason, they make an important contribution. This is one of the best - although it is already becoming slightly dated because it was written before sanctions were put on to the Russian oligarchs who live, or lived, in London.

[Mel · Rating 5 out of 5]

ꜱᴜᴍᴍᴀʀʏ

Caroline walked the streets of affluent London. Along the way she meets with a colorful cast of characters. Members of the ultra-rich, people who live in close proximity to them, and the professionals who serve them.

ᴍʏ ᴛʜᴏᴜɢʜᴛꜱ

When I picked up this book I was seeking something voyeuristic. I thought it would be a peek through the windows at a life I would never have. I expected to feel envy. I thought inwoukd end this book saying "I wish I had that."

Instead I found a story of lonely, disconnected people. So consumed by their wealth they have lost connection to reality.

At first we meet people who made their money through vague "banking" work and "private equity". But as the story continues we meet people who have inherited wealth and have no concept of value. People who don't work because they don't have to. Instead they roam London, bored, spending excessive amounts and obtaining any substance they can to help them feel something.

The professional serving class are the real windows. They have seen the truth. Lonely, paranoid people who pay to be surrounded by people. They don't have real friends. They're constantly in competition with one another to be that little wealthier, that little classier. Yachts that stay moored so the owners can get on and off and invite their friends over. Private streets roamed by security guards.

I was left feeling deeply unsettled. And I guess the old adage is true, money doesn't buy happiness.

But it certainly buys nice things.

[Mary Chamberlain · Rating 5 out of 5]

This is an important and engaging study of the ultra-rich. Beautifully written, full of punchy and witty insights, this is more than an investigation into the quirks and paranoias of the super-wealthy, but an exploration of the secretive, shocking and insecure world they have made in their image. As the author walks through London, she understands how these plutocrats maintain and reproduce their money; how they re-calibrate it and transform it into tangible and visible assets; how they employ armies of servants to manage, invest and protect their riches, themselves, their possessions, their privacy and how their families reproduce and perpetuate their exclusive status. It is essential reading in understanding how these ‘haves and have-yachts’ have transformed and disfigured London, distorting a far wider global environment along the way.

[Christian · Rating 5 out of 5]

Picked this up on a recommended rack at Waterstones when visiting London from the US. I thought it would be good, but not this good.

I leaned both intricacies about London streets and locales that I’m familiar with, but also journeyed through macroeconomics and social commentary. The characters and the weaving of the narrative as a westward walk is perfect structure for this important subject matter.

[Jennifer · Rating 4 out of 5]

It’s interesting. I don’t really agree with her conclusion… that the plutocrats are anxious and unhappy. I have interacted with many of them (via work) and that was not my takeaway, in most cases. (I found them entitled, and completely out of touch with reality but generally enjoying being insanely wealthy.). Still, if you have never had a peek into this world, this is a good summary.

[Alara · Rating 3 out of 5]

3.5 stars
I found the topic fascinating but would have loved a bit more depth and facts/numbers on some of her observations. At points she seems quite biased and expresses her own opinion a bit too much rather than keeping it neutral or objective. As somebody that lives in London, it is an easy to read way of seeing how the other half live.

[Emin · Rating 3 out of 5]

This was a disappointment because she’s a very good writer yet she had set out to prove a theory rather than investigate to understand and enlighten.

Some characters were caricatures of what people expect of the vacuous rich and some seemed to be nice people who got chastised by Knowles’ prejudices.

I expected to be surprised, challenged, and intrigued instead I got more of the same.

[Ade · Rating 5 out of 5]

Caroline Knowles takes you on a tour of London, but the side most of us don’t get a foot in. I found myself immersed in the world she describes filled with, tech tycoons, yuppies, oligarchs and yummy mummies to name a few. It also provided a nice historical context behind the changing London.

Thoroughly enjoyed and I’m not ordinarily a fan of non fiction!

[Mark · Rating 5 out of 5]

Excellent and disturbing at the same time, the book outlines the grotesqueness of the lives of the super-rich, along with the correct assertion thst such concentrations of wealth cannot logically nor morally continue.

[^_^ · Rating 4 out of 5]

started reading this book for class. it’s a topic that’s infinitely interesting to me and i just love how the book plays out. it truly tells a story of the super rich, and the stories are batshit insane.

[Silvia · Rating 4 out of 5]

I was hoping for more science and statistics, and instead it's mostly gossipy or rage-baiting. As a resident of some of the neighborhood depicted, I sometimes couldn't relate with the narration at all, but still found the book quite interesting and easy to read

[Sean Woon · Rating 5 out of 5]

Been thinking about living in London recently and about the legal sector, which really is just part of the capital-accumulation process that this book very nicely chronicles. Is there a useful end to it? Probably not.

[legallybold · Rating 3 out of 5]

Zesty read with many glitzy anecdotes. But overall this book has a terribly unprofessional and biased approach.

[Otto Jacobsson · Rating 2 out of 5]

Let’s just say that I disagree with the author’s basic premise, that the rich in London is inherently destroying the city. I read to learn more about London, which you will.

[Sally Hunton · Rating 4 out of 5]

Fascinating read about various aspects of the super rich in London, anchored in various locations across London and into Surrey

[Pauline Marie · Rating 3 out of 5]

Extremely interesting, extremely bleak

[Aida Saldana Hernandez · Rating 5 out of 5]

It's very well written and it takes you to the places!
I felt I was walking all those streets right beside the author, very insightful too!

[Sebastian Odutola · Rating 2 out of 5]

The form of the book, a take on the Canterbury Tales, where the people Knowles meets are named after distinguishing features of the stories they tell, is a fun way to chronicle the lives of plutocratic Londoners. Reading about streets of London that I know quite well was also fun.

Sometimes some of the stories she uncovers about how the rich spend their money and time are intriguing. This is especially true when Knowles opens a window into how they perceive themselves and the worlds around them. The story of Soviet, a Russian businessman who formed part of the intellectual elite of Soviet society and made money leveraging that education when the Soviet Union fell, who reminisces fondly on the egalitarianism that defined his upbringing despite its deprivations from the comfort of his multi-million pound home in Kensington was one such insight: it reveals a conflict of desires and allegiances.

Unfortunately, Knowles only occasionally unearths such nuances, which undoubtably abound, presenting instead a reductive picture of plutocratic London as vacuous, greedy, ostentatious, lonely, exploitative and bored. Rich London is no doubt all of those things to some extent (maybe even a great extent), but it must also be more than that — they are people like everyone else after all. I am sympathetic to her view in general: the rich undoubtably arrogate more than their fair share and use their wealth in irresponsible or denigrating ways, but their foibles are the foibles of most of humanity. The working and middle classes (to use what I deem to be rather denigrating categorisations) also have gambling addictions, sexual perversions and group forming tendencies if not the means to indulge them to the same extent as the ultra-high-net-worth individuals do. And while their rewards are disproportionate to their work, there are plenty of rich people who have made significant contributions economically, culturally, technologically. The smartphone, internet banking, Waiting for Godot, Lawrence of Arabia (the film and the person) are all products of privilege or have made their creators extremely wealthy — this is both a reflection of the vocations and inclinations wealth affords and of the wealth that creation engenders; there's give and take. This book focusses exclusively on the take (reading this book you'd think the wealthy are all profligate free-loaders or phoney philanthropists which just isn't the case), and in so doing neglects the most dichotomous and interesting part of the story.

I can't believe I'm defending the wealthy, but I think there's more to it than this book relates.

[Yama Chen · Rating 1 out of 5]

Without useful information for real life.