Much of the Science is Interesting, Though it Comes at the Cost of Wading Through the Author's Self-Therapy
This was a Book Club read, and it wasn't my favorite! Though I enjoyed many of the scientific insights, I was far less drawn to the flowery, pretentious prose and not a fan of the author's voice in general.
*Brief Synopsis: Julie Sedivy is a polyglot and a linguist, and in the three parts of the book details her multilingual immigrant childhood, her divorce, and the deaths of her father and brother. She weaves scientific/linguistic insights (some better-woven into the thread of the story than others) throughout the largely autobiographical text.
*Scientific Insights That Resonated:
-Infants warm to their mother tongue from within the womb, and can distinguish it from other languages at birth! "Infants suck (their pacifiers) more eagerly when they hear their mother tongue--even when spoken by strangers over a loudspeaker--than when a foreign language is emitted from the speaker."
-Even among people who ostensibly speak the same language, the actual definitions of each word change drastically depending on how you live, what you believe, and how you were raised, to the point that linguists question whether people of opposing political parties, for example, are actually speaking two different languages. "I have read studies suggesting that entirely different thoughts are summoned when people of liberal and conservative political leanings say the words 'right' and 'wrong.' ... The meanings of even these most fundamental of words diverge: a conservative, apparently, would utter the word 'wrong' when confronted with a person cleaning their toilet with a national flag. ... A literal, though dismayed or disgusted, might say: 'Where's the harm? I'll tell you where the harm is. The harm is in the disenfranchisement of the poor and the racialized.' ... When I hear he words uttered by the citizens of present-day America, it is all to easy for me to draw up a partial list of the words upon whose meanings we cannot, as a nation, seem to agree: Citizen. Person. Family. Science. Fairness. Evidence. Baby. Evil. Pride. ... We may live in an illusion of agreement, believing ourselves to speak the same language, but these words reveal the canyons that have opened up between us."
-There's a good snippet about how multilinguists "pluck words and phrases from each language and arrange them artfully." It reminds me of how there are no truetranslations for some of my favorite words in Spanish (denuncia, ahorita, echar ganas) or Mandarin (yiwei).
-On the joy of reading: "Next to my literary companions, my conversational partners were pitifully few in number, and those I had were all more or less alike. They were unlikely to reroute the path of science, or to rouse a freshly founded nation, or to murder anyone. ... There were certain girls, not to mention boys, whom I would not have been allowed to bring home. But as long as they could be hidden between the covers of a book, I could smuggle any dubious companion into my room and shut the door." Also, the author is refreshingly skeptical about the value of speed-reading, arguing that doing so can remove the taste of the language
-On the power dynamics of language, in this case in the context of date rape: "Only one person in the room seems to be permitted the luxury of misunderstanding the other." And, later, "Several studies found that when female speakers delivered a message with the markers of 'tentative' language, they were found to be less persuasive than their assertive counterparts; the influence of male speakers, on the other hand, remained undiluted by the presence of hesitations, hedges, or qualifiers. Perhaps a presumption of competence dulled the listeners' perception of signals present in the speech. ... Easy enough to advise women to speak for success; more difficult to know exactly what that is. More difficult yet, apparently, is listening to what a woman is saying rather than how she is saying it."
-On the universal associations of certain words and concepts: "The most beautiful color is blue. The best-loved compositions ... depict water, an open sky, green vegetation, animals roaming over hills, humans in repose." Similarly, "There are some features that are commonly found in awe-inducing stimuli: a sense of spatial vastness or power, exceptional human qualities or achievements, informational complexity, intense beauty."
-She describes some fascinating science about why we sometimes stumble over or lose words in the middle of speaking, and makes a case for the value of filler "um" sounds. It is more likely to happen when "the speaker has a vast body of knowledge or vocabulary to riffle through as she plans her sentence; highly knowledgeable speakers, it turns out, speak less fluently than others about their subject of expertise. To reassure the listener that thought is ongoing and will soon be making its appearance in the form of speech, the speaker emits a sound that is familiar to them both: 'ah', 'um', ... and so on. These vocalizations are not acknowledged as meaningful in any dictionary, but they are far from empty. They are a way for the speaker to alert the listener, 'Hold on. I'm doing something difficult. I'll be with you momentarily.' The equivalent of a spinning circle on a computer screen, if you will. The listener takes note. Anticipating a reason for the delay, his mind snaps to attention; after all, something that is difficult to say is likely to be difficult to understand. Thus alerted, the listener recognizes the subsequent word more quickly. ... When narrative speech is stripped of all disfluencies in the lab, listeners find it more difficult to understand or remember than when it is naturally seasoned with "ahs" or "ums."
-On a related note, I found this excerpt fascinating: "Certain patterns of speech errors revealed that speakers chose words well in advance of uttering them, but waited until the last moment before speech to attend to their pronunciation. That is, when a word is plucked from the past's storehouse and lined up for future utterance, it is a naked concept, not yet clothed in sound, presumably to avoid the burden of holding in active memory all the details of its pronunciation. One can imagine memory as a harried stage manager, able to keep track of which performers are to exit the wings in what order, but not the details of their costumes; these are left to a wardrobe specialist who hastily dresses each performer before they step onto the stage. Thus, a speaker might easily say, 'We ordered a new library for the third floor of the desk,' having exchanged the words 'library' and 'desk' in error. The error reveals that the word-concept 'library' was pulled from memory well before its appearance in the sentence, and as a result it was milling about backstage, where it was mistakenly tagged by the manager for premature entry; the wardrobe assistant, not questioning its place in line, compliantly clothed it in its designated sounds. ... Under these and many other investigations, the act of speaking reveals itself as an acrobatic, time-defying performance that is somehow pulled off-but just barely—by a troupe of artists pushed to the very edges of their energies and abilities."
-There was a cool bit about the translation of landmark poems into sign, as when Bernard Brag used "signs that repeated handshapes or movement paths, much as a hearing poet might make use of assonance and alliteration. He ... created recurring patterns of movement." So cool.
-She writes that language recovery becomes more difficult with age when practiced in non-real-world laboratory settings, but that the elderly's language retrieval mechanisms are highly contextualized and often match those of the young in the real world. Pretty cool!
-Some guidance on writing: "Maggie Nelson reveals that writing 'feels like a forced, daily encounter with limits.' ... 'Art is like having a nail file and being in prison and trying to get out,' says British artist Sarah Lucas."
*What Rubbed Me the Wrong Way: One of my biggest pet peeves in a book is when authors use published works as exercises in self-therapy. Sedivy publicly aired a lot of dirty laundry in this book (including her mother's failure to assert she (Sedivy) was pretty as a teenager, her decision to leave her ex-husband and their protracted divorce process, and her estrangement from her father), and I just think that's bad practice. I invariably feel bad for autobiographers' families when this happens. One thing that made this practice even more objectionable to me was that this book was ostensibly couched as science-oriented. Bottom line: the self-therapy element was a big turn-off for me. This in addition to my general impression that I don't think I would enjoy getting to know Sedivy very much. She came across as pretentious and arrogant, apparently bragging about how great she was for speaking multiple languages, how she's a self-taught literature/reading savant, and how she's an outside-the-box thinker. I got so aggravated when she talked about how she rendered one marriage counseling/mediation questionnaire unscorable by marking both the "1" and the "5" answers on the Likert scale, and OH SO FRUSTRATED by all the intentionally obfuscating sentences she used to make her points about "running aground" while reading (e.g., "The wife passed the test refused to fill it out."), when a few courteous "thats" or commas could so easily clarify meanings to readers. As Lynne Truss writes in my favorite book on grammar "Eats Shoots and Leaves," punctuation is "a courtesy designed to help readers understand a story without stumbling". I understand that Sedivy introduced these sentences in the context of her study on the microseconds readers spend to interpret written sentences, but in her book she seemed to revel in denying readers that courtesy and then judging them/us for not catching the meaning immediately, as she no doubt would have.
I had initially marked this book down as 2 stars but, on reviewing the many scientific snippets I enjoyed, I bumped it up to 3. I found the messenger problematic, but/and the message pretty interesting.