Not knowing the language, I have read books in Malayalam only in English translations. This book was recommended to me as a landmark novel in the Malayalam language. I noted on the web that it won the Central Sahitya Akademi award in 2014 and has received rave reviews. The acclaim is that the novel depicts a social, cultural and historical picture of Ernakulam district and contains discussions on social change in Kerala. The author himself has said in interviews that it is an argument for man’s creative spirit and that it deals with the existential question of a purpose in life. Some reviewers have claimed that this is a novel about the futility of life. Yet others have said that it is an outstanding work in terms of its characterisation and treatment and that it is one of the finest works of fiction in Malayalam over the past two decades. Naturally, with great anticipation and expectations, I read the work in its English translation by E.V. Fathima.
The novel is divided into four sections under the titles, of Dharma (moral duty), Artha (economic prosperity), Kama (love/pleasure) and Moksha, (spiritual liberation). The suggestion is obviously that it is about the object of human pursuit. The setting of the novel is in a fictitious village called Thachanakkara in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. It chronicles the lives of three generations of an upper caste man, called Naraapilla Nair and his descendants through the words of Jithendran, his grandson. The novel starts with Jithendran’s death in the year 2000 and the discovery of fragments of his unfinished book by his wife, Ann Marie. Through the many letters of Jithendran and various pieces of this book, which detail the lives of Jithendran’s parents, aunts, uncles, cousins, grandparents and their friends and neighbours, Ann Marie finds a sort of socio-political commentary of Kerala from the early parts of the 20th century all the way to the 1990s. There are allusions to caste, love, sex, religion, politics and social hierarchy and equality, apart from major snippets of Kerala’s cultural and political history. There are references to the existential question of whether there is some purpose to life or whether life is mostly an animalistic existence where one procreates and leaves just his genes as one’s own legacy.
In spite of all the positive vibes about the book, when I finished the book, the one question that lingered in me was ‘what is all the fuss about this being a great novel?’. To be truthful, this was the feeling even all along as I read the book. But I kept on reading because I thought that I must be patient and reflect on the chapters so that I may understand why people are so taken by this book. Gradually, I found that I am at the end and was still mostly underwhelmed. The story line and the characters did not grab me. It just felt like a detailed chronicle of mundane lives of generations of people in nondescript Thachanakkara. Yes, it is about caste, religion, history and sex and love. But no profound insights or observations on these issues was on offer. Jithendran’s own life of his final twenty-five years is described as being no different from that of his compatriots in Thachanakkara - as one given to gossip, bragging, being judgemental, cursing society without reflecting on oneself, denigrating one’s own mother while singing praises of mother goddesses, experiencing the schadenfreude of seeing respected people in society being maligned in the press, the insistence of only another man’s sexuality is pornography and a scorn nurtured inside for every soul outside the ambit of one’s own four-member family. With such an unredeeming protagonist, there is not much that one can expect. As some have observed, it may be about the futility of life itself. If that is so, then why is it so important to worry about social justice or equality or great men like Narayana Guru?
As for the form, novels spanning multiple generations of a family are not a new or original idea. There have been any number of them, exploring various themes of love, war and others. Steinbeck’s East of Eden explored themes of love and identity through generations of families in the Salinas Valley in California. Jung Chang’s brilliant work ‘Wild Swans’ dealt with contemporary Chinese history from the 1920s to the 1960, through her own grandmother’s life, her mother’s life down to her own young life during the Cultural revolution. Mario Puzo’s riveting saga of the Godfather dealt with violence, family bonds, crime etc through generations of Italian mafia families in New York. In all these books, it is the characters who make the history of those times come alive. I cannot say the same of this novel.
The other issue I have with the book has to do with the author’s extensive interview about the novel itself at the end of the English edition of the book. I would think that whatever Subash Chandran had to say about the existential angst of man, about Kerala, its caste system, love etc has already been said in his 450-odd pages. There should be no further need to explain or clarify its message. But the author explains his own novel further, talks about the characters, the setting and so on in the interview as if he is exhorting us to view the book in a certain way. The reader must be left free to form his or her own impression without being guided.
Summing up, the novel didn’t do it for me.