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Der Totschläger: 7. Bd. der Rougon-Macquart
Ab 1869 konzipierte Zola die meisten seiner Romane als Teile eines Zyklus mit dem Titel "Die Rougon-Macquart. Die Natur- und Sozialgeschichte einer Familie im Zweiten Kaiserreich". Die insgesamt 20 Romane sollten eine Art positivistisch begründeter Familiengeschichte sein, wobei der Rougon-Zweig der Bourgeoisie und der Macquart-Zweig der Unterschicht angehörte. Mit dem siebenten Teile der Serie Rougon-Macquart, »Der Totschläger« betitelt, beginnt eigentlich erst der Ruhm und der Erfolg Zolas. Kein zweites Buch hat eine so tiefgehende Bewegung im Publikum hervorgerufen, wie dieses. Zola war nahe daran, auf offener Straße gesteinigt zu werden. Kein Wunder. Er hatte den Finger an eine offene, eiternde Wunde des Volkscharakters gelegt und das schmerzte. »Der Totschläger« – das ist der Schnaps. Zola wollte ein Buch über das Volk der Arbeiterviertel schreiben und zeigen, wie der Mißbrauch des Alkohols zum sittlichen und wirtschaftlichen Untergang der Familien führen müsse.
Die Hauptperson des Buches ist Gervaise, eine Tochter Anton Macquarts. Sie bleibt während der ganzen Erzählung im Vordergrunde und erregt zuerst das Interesse, später das tiefe Mitleid des Lesers. Als ein Kind des Volkes erbt sie die üblen Neigungen ihrer Eltern, überwindet sie aber anfangs, als sie zu Paris, von ihrem Liebhaber Lantier verlassen, durch ihre Arbeit und durch ihren häuslichen Sinn eine Art Wohlstand zu schaffen beginnt. Sie ist eine Ehe mit dem Spengler Coupeau eingegangen. In den ersten Jahren dieser Ehe geht alles gut. Da zieht das Unglück in diese Familie ein. Coupeau fällt während der Arbeit von einem Hausdach. Während der langwierigen Krankheit und notgedrungenen Untätigkeit verliert der charakterschwache Coupeau die Arbeitslust. Er ergibt sich der Trägheit und dem Trunke, und seine Familie verfällt dem Untergange. Gervaise selbst sinkt zur Säuferin und Metze herab ...
Die Hauptperson des Buches ist Gervaise, eine Tochter Anton Macquarts. Sie bleibt während der ganzen Erzählung im Vordergrunde und erregt zuerst das Interesse, später das tiefe Mitleid des Lesers. Als ein Kind des Volkes erbt sie die üblen Neigungen ihrer Eltern, überwindet sie aber anfangs, als sie zu Paris, von ihrem Liebhaber Lantier verlassen, durch ihre Arbeit und durch ihren häuslichen Sinn eine Art Wohlstand zu schaffen beginnt. Sie ist eine Ehe mit dem Spengler Coupeau eingegangen. In den ersten Jahren dieser Ehe geht alles gut. Da zieht das Unglück in diese Familie ein. Coupeau fällt während der Arbeit von einem Hausdach. Während der langwierigen Krankheit und notgedrungenen Untätigkeit verliert der charakterschwache Coupeau die Arbeitslust. Er ergibt sich der Trägheit und dem Trunke, und seine Familie verfällt dem Untergange. Gervaise selbst sinkt zur Säuferin und Metze herab ...
613 pages, Kindle Edition
Published September 16, 2022
1 person is currently reading
About the author
Émile Zola
2,773 books4,518 followersÉmile Zola was a prominent French novelist, journalist, and playwright widely regarded as a key figure in the development of literary naturalism. His work profoundly influenced both literature and society through its commitment to depicting reality with scientific objectivity and exploring the impact of environment and heredity on human behavior. Born and raised in France, Zola experienced early personal hardship following the death of his father, which deeply affected his understanding of social and economic struggles—a theme that would later permeate his writings.
Zola began his literary career working as a clerk for a publishing house, where he developed his skills and cultivated a passion for literature. His early novels, such as Thérèse Raquin, gained recognition for their intense psychological insight and frank depiction of human desires and moral conflicts. However, it was his monumental twenty-volume series, Les Rougon-Macquart, that established his lasting reputation. This cycle of novels offered a sweeping examination of life under the Second French Empire, portraying the lives of a family across generations and illustrating how hereditary traits and social conditions shape individuals’ destinies. The series embodies the naturalist commitment to exploring human behavior through a lens informed by emerging scientific thought.
Beyond his literary achievements, Zola was a committed social and political activist. His involvement in the Dreyfus Affair is one of the most notable examples of his dedication to justice. When Captain Alfred Dreyfus was wrongfully accused and convicted of treason, Zola published his famous open letter, J’Accuse…!, which condemned the French military and government for corruption and anti-Semitism. This act of courage led to his prosecution and temporary exile but played a crucial role in eventual justice for Dreyfus and exposed deep divisions in French society.
Zola’s personal life was marked by both stability and complexity. He married Éléonore-Alexandrine Meley, who managed much of his household affairs, and later had a long-term relationship with Jeanne Rozerot, with whom he fathered two children. Throughout his life, Zola remained an incredibly prolific writer, producing not only novels but also essays, plays, and critical works that investigated the intersections between literature, science, and society.
His legacy continues to resonate for its profound impact on literature and for his fearless commitment to social justice. Zola’s work remains essential reading for its rich narrative detail, social critique, and pioneering approach to the realistic portrayal of human life. His role in the Dreyfus Affair stands as a powerful example of the intellectual’s responsibility to speak truth to power.
Zola began his literary career working as a clerk for a publishing house, where he developed his skills and cultivated a passion for literature. His early novels, such as Thérèse Raquin, gained recognition for their intense psychological insight and frank depiction of human desires and moral conflicts. However, it was his monumental twenty-volume series, Les Rougon-Macquart, that established his lasting reputation. This cycle of novels offered a sweeping examination of life under the Second French Empire, portraying the lives of a family across generations and illustrating how hereditary traits and social conditions shape individuals’ destinies. The series embodies the naturalist commitment to exploring human behavior through a lens informed by emerging scientific thought.
Beyond his literary achievements, Zola was a committed social and political activist. His involvement in the Dreyfus Affair is one of the most notable examples of his dedication to justice. When Captain Alfred Dreyfus was wrongfully accused and convicted of treason, Zola published his famous open letter, J’Accuse…!, which condemned the French military and government for corruption and anti-Semitism. This act of courage led to his prosecution and temporary exile but played a crucial role in eventual justice for Dreyfus and exposed deep divisions in French society.
Zola’s personal life was marked by both stability and complexity. He married Éléonore-Alexandrine Meley, who managed much of his household affairs, and later had a long-term relationship with Jeanne Rozerot, with whom he fathered two children. Throughout his life, Zola remained an incredibly prolific writer, producing not only novels but also essays, plays, and critical works that investigated the intersections between literature, science, and society.
His legacy continues to resonate for its profound impact on literature and for his fearless commitment to social justice. Zola’s work remains essential reading for its rich narrative detail, social critique, and pioneering approach to the realistic portrayal of human life. His role in the Dreyfus Affair stands as a powerful example of the intellectual’s responsibility to speak truth to power.
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