Política y educación

by Paulo Freire

Poco después de cumplir 70 años, Paulo Freire preparó el conjunto de ensayos que componen el libro que el lector tiene en las manos. En plena madurez intelectual, el pedagogo brasileño estaba lejos de adoptar una posición dogmática o lo suyo era un permanente estado de búsqueda, siempre abierto al cambio, sin duda, porque actuaba con la serenidad de quien no confía demasiado en sus Cuanto más seguro me siento de que estoy en lo cierto, tanto más corro el riesgo de dogmatizar mi postura, de congelarme en ella, de encerrarme sectariamente en el círculo de mi verdad, dice con agradecible honestidad en la nota introductoria de este volumen. Freire se interesó largamente en la naturaleza humana, no como una entidad fija sino como algo que se constituye en la historia misma, no antes o fuera de ella. Una idea clave en su pensamiento es que somos seres finitos, inconclusos, pero con una marcada vocación por ser más, lo que requiere libertad y la posibilidad de decidir. Para alcanzar esas condiciones mínimas, es necesaria la lucha política y en esa lucha la educación ocupa un puesto crucial, pues es un factor fundamental en la reinvención del mundo. El autor de Pedagogía del oprimido aborda en estas páginas la importancia de la alfabetización en el surgimiento de auténticos ciudadanos, los vínculos entre educación y participación comunitaria, el protagonismo de la responsabilidad y el derecho a criticar.

122 pages, Paperback

Published January 1, 2022

About the author

The Brazilian educator Paulo Freire is among most the influential educational thinkers of the late 20th century. Born in Recife, Brazil, on September 19, 1921, Freire died of heart failure in Sao Paulo, Brazil on May 2, 1997. After a brief career as a lawyer, he taught Portuguese in secondary schools from 1941-1947. He subsequently became active in adult education and workers' training, and became the first Director of the Department of Cultural Extension of the University of Recife (1961-1964).

Freire quickly gained international recognition for his experiences in literacy training in Northeastern Brazil. Following the military coup d'etat of 1964, he was jailed by the new government and eventually forced into a political exile that lasted fifteen-years.

In 1969 he was a visiting scholar at Harvard University and then moved to Geneva, Switzerland where he assumed the role of special educational adviser to the World Congress of Churches. He returned to Brazil in 1979.

Freire's most well known work is Pedagogy of the Oppressed (1970). Throughout this and subsequent books, he argues for system of education that emphasizes learning as an act of culture and freedom. He is most well known for concepts such as "Banking" Education, in which passive learners have pre-selected knowledge deposited in their minds; "Conscientization", a process by which the learner advances towards critical consciousness; the "Culture of Silence", in which dominated individuals lose the means by which to critically respond to the culture that is forced on them by a dominant culture. Other important concepts developed by Freire include: "Dialectic", "Empowerment", "Generative Themes/Words", "Humanization", "Liberatory Education", "Mystification", "Praxis", " Problematization", and "Transformation of the World".

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