3.5 stars
Thank you to Goodreads Giveaways and to publisher Georgetown University Press (with a special shout out to Francys at Georgetown University Press) for providing me a print copy of this third book in a trilogy that is a fictionalized account of the author’s (Mohamed Choukri’s) experiences living in Tangier, Morocco. This is the first book of the trilogy that I read so I did not have the background that the other books in the series, “For Bread Alone” published in English in 1973 by Paul Bowles based on the oral recounting of the then illiterate author’s experiences growing up in Tangier and “Streetwise” published in English in 1996 where the author is learning how to read and write but continues to face daily challenges living in Tangier. This third novel in the series is written in first person and generally involves a now older author, his interactions with various residents of Tangier, and his reflections on nostalgia, loneliness, desire, class differences, the importance of reading vociferously and being culturally aware, and the changes in Tangier over the prior 40 years by focusing on the struggles of the average resident of Tangier.
This novel is much different from novels that are customary in the United States. This novel focuses on general themes told through a series of short vignettes rather than an overarching plot that builds throughout the novel. In this novel, the author interacts with Fatima Zohra (a prostitute who works as a bartender but enjoys both classical and modern Arabic literature), Lalla Chafika (a female pimp who adopted Fatima when Fatima’s prostitute mother abandoned her at a young age), Hadi (a solider who lost his arms fighting for France in the First Indochina War and his son Allal who cares for him), Baba Daddy (bar owner who remains nostalgic for boxing), Magdalena (a Spanish prostitute who moved to Tangier to escape Franco’s Spain), Hamadi the Gambler (a gambler more interested in the thrill of winning than the money won), Moncef ( a real estate broker who focused on learning about death and residents of Tangier who recently passed), and Veronique (a 19-yar old woman who traveled with the much older author to London and Paris as a companion).
Though I have never been to Tangier, I was fortunate enough to travel throughout Morocco in 2011, which was 15 years after the first publication of this novel in Arabic. I saw firsthand the juxtaposition of culture, music, and tradition with poverty and the marginalization of certain groups in Morocco and the disparity in wealth between the larger cities and the rural villages that are captured well in this novel. For readers who enjoy classic literature, there are a number of references to authors like Oscar Wilde, Alexander Dumas, and Balzac, and many of the chapters begin with poetic verses to emphasize the point that the quest for general knowledge and an appreciation for culture makes a person much more interesting and well rounded.
I recommend this book for readers interested in (a) literature, (b) Morocco generally and Tangier specifically, and (c) learning how north Africa has changed over the last 50 years but still has many people living in poverty who do not feel integrated into society. The prevalence of drinking, gambling, and prostitution are explored throughout this novel as marginalized people try to deal with the challenges of daily life. I plan to check out the first two books in the trilogy at some point.