Luceiro da mañá

by Ada Negri, Isabel Soto (Translator)

Luceiro da mañá publicouse en 1921 e deseguida contou co aplauso de crítica e público, talvez por recoñecer na obra a fidelidade ao xénero autobiográfico característico da autora e pola súa aposta formal, cunha estrutura fragmentaria e lírica.

Ada Negri baséase en feitos da súa infancia e adolescencia para construír un relato de formación que, escrito en terceira persoa, se abre no entanto coa presenza dun eu e se achega á técnica do fluxo de conciencia. Deste xeito, mediante a suma de unidades narrativas, vaise plasmando a realidade de Dinin: as súas orixes humildes, a vida na portaría na que medra, os xogos no Xardín do Tempo, a chegada da menstruación ou a toma de conciencia da vocación poética, ao tempo que se exalta a relación con múltiples elementos da natureza (o sol, as árbores, as flores…) cos que a protagonista mantén un diálogo íntimo. Ademais, a autora conxuga o seu presente co pasado remoto da avoa e, sobre todo, co da nai, Vittoria, unha obreira explotada nunha fábrica á que a miseria obrigou a renunciar a un fillo por non poder mantelo na casa e, emporiso, caracterizada pola súa alegría vital. A cativa que observa e reflexiona converterase máis adiante nunha moza que traballará como mestra.

Con aparente sinxeleza, mediante frases que semellan anotacións e sen artificios retóricos, plásmanse feitos cotiáns, o visto e o sentido, os misterios da infancia, as primeiras preguntas, a precoz madureza e a curiosidade innata da rapaza, a súa avidez pola lectura ou a indignación ante a miseria e a desigualdade.

120 pages

First published January 1, 1921

About the author

Ada Negri was born in Lodi, Italy into an artisan family to Giuseppe Negri alongside his wife Vittoria Cornalba. She attended Lodi’s Normal School for Girls and earned an elementary teacher’s diploma. At eighteen, she took a position as schoolteacher in the village of Motta Visconti, on the Ticino, near Pavia. Her first volume of lyrics, Fatalità, (1892) confirmed her reputation as a poet, and led to her appointment to the normal school at Milan. Her second book of poems, Tempeste (1896), tells the helpless tragedy of the forsaken poor.

On 28 March 1896, she married industrialist Giovanni Garlanda of Biella, who had fallen in love with her from reading her poetry. By 1904 they had daughters, Bianca and Vittoria. The latter died in infancy. In 1913, Negri separated from her husband and moved to Switzerland with Bianca. Afterwards, she constantly moved. She was a frequent visitor to Laglio on Lake Como, where she wrote her only novel, an autobiographical work, Stella Mattutina (Morning Star), published in 1921, and in English in 1930. During an extended stay on Capri that began in March 1923, she wrote I canti dell'isola.

She became the first woman member of the Italian Academy in 1940. That achievement, however, also stained her later reputation since members of the Academy had to swear loyalty to the Fascist regime and were rewarded by it with various material benefits. On 11 January 1945, her daughter Bianca found Negri dead in her studio in Milan. She was 74 years old.

Her work was widely translated during her lifetime, with individual poems published in newspaper in the U.S. and elsewhere.

The actress Pola Negri (born Barbara Apolonia Chałupec), adopted the stage surname "Negri" in emulation of the poet. The actress Paola Pezzaglia was the ideal interpreter of her poetry on stage.