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243 pages, Paperback
First published February 14, 2010
Tree-Planting 2005
It is, as I write, the season for tree-planting. All over the country, on roadsides, village greens, school playgrounds and abandoned fields, saplings are being reverently set in rows. Children are gathering basketfuls of acorns, hazelnuts and haws, and are sowing them in little pots on classroom windowsills. It is our great annual ritual of reparation, a token of our desire to make amends.
Yet do we ever pause to think rationally about this curious rite, about what it does to the land and to the attitudes of the planters? Trees, after all, grow quite naturally in our climate and succeeded in foresting Britain long before Plant a Tree Week was invented. Turn your back on a piece of land, and it is, in a few years, a wood. Much of the activity of farmers, developers and nature conservation managers is, precisely, the killing of trees, for their impertinent insistence on growing where they like. Agriculture - and civilization itself - are founded on a constant battle against incipient forest regeneration. Yet with our green hats on, we seem to doubt trees' biological ability to reproduce themselves.
Perhaps the best that can be said about planting is that it's more important symbolically than ecologically, that the planted trees become visible monuments to the dedication of a piece of ground to a woodland. At its most damaging, it is pure PR, a cliched gesture of correct intentions by politicians and corporate bodies. The Woodland Trust, one of the biggest planters in the country, privately admits it would like to see more natural tree growth, but does not think its members would tolerate years of scrubby young seedlings on its holdings. They want instant woods, woods as responsive to human intervention as a herbaceous border.
What must humouring this attitude do to people's view of nature's independence, especially children's? Doesn't it simply reinforce the ancient heresy - one of the root causes of our environmental problems - that nature is subservient, incapable of surviving without our assistance? And, more practically, what does it do to the planted land, stuffed full of often random assortments of saplings in ordered rows? Are these really trees, or a kind of living signpost, put there for our self-gratification?
Every time we're tempted to plant a tree anywhere that isn't a garden, we should go and meditate on one that has grown of its own accord. Go and look at a so-called 'derelict' hedge, at the mazy growth of the upward shoots from the knotty horizontals, at the give and take of the trees. Then look at after it's been dug out by one of the countryside agencies and replanted with nursery saplings. Go to a wood hit by the 1987 hurricane, and compare the neat rows of planted beeches with the teeming sheaves of naturally sprung maples and ashes, all in places and patterns they have chosen themselves. Go to the New Forest, and see how the new generation of self-sprung forest trees - oak and beech principally - grow through and are protected by thickets of holly and gorse, known locally as 'holms' or 'hats'. Look, too at an old tree untouched by tree surgeons and branch-pruners. Look at its body language, the natural balancing of the branches, the scars where limbs have been shed, the generous, conciliatory shapes of the healing tissue: what we describe, anthropomorphically, as damage or degeneration may be nothing of the kind. But most of all, just go to any patch of 'waste' land (a set-aside field will do) - the kind of land usually chosen for tree-planting - and count the tree seedlings already there. Why are we so contemptuous, so untrusting of them? Why do we prefer our trees, rather than wild trees which have sprung naturally in positions which suit them, and whose survival potential is a good sight better, despite a few years of entirely natural accompaniment by brambles and weeds? The honest answer, I fear, might not be very complimentary to us.
The conservation of wildness is the blind spot in the 'wild'-life conservation business in this country. Except in a few token 'non-intervention zones', it simply isn't considered. We're eager to conserve species, carefully defined habitats, that mysterious collective known as 'biodiversity', and all our human designs and ambitions for the biosphere. But not that untamed, inventive energy that makes nature different from a suburban park. The wisest, most reliable and most respectful way of establishing trees (in places where they are wanted) is simply to allow those that spring up naturally to continue.
Anyway, there were some very good quotes here that I underlined and it was lovely to read about the nature encounters Mabey had. There were other sections that interested me less, such as the connections of the art world and literature to nature and a part of the chronicals that were quite theoretical. But I learned a lot. The most astonishing fact was that the international symbol of peace is actually a representation of a crane's foot.