Copy provided by the publisher
The more I read about the 1920s, the more it feels very modern. There are cars, planes, women playing sports (Macy's Breaking Through), and challenges to what schools were teaching. The Scopes Trial, while very different in some ways from events we are seeing today, also has some alarming similarities.
It was also the Age of Ballyhoo, so I was not overly surprised to learn that the trial came about due to local authorities wanting to bring more attention and tourism dollars to the small town of Dayton, Tennessee. Seeing the new Butler Act, which the governor signed thinking that it would have no effect on the citizenry, ban the teaching of evolution, and noticing that the state approved textbook, A Civic Biology, included a few pages of the topic gave Doc Robinson, the school board president and local drugstore owner an idea. The ACLU wanted a test subject to oppose the ban. Enter John Scopes, a young physics and math teacher who also coached, who was substituting for the biology teacher. Had he taught evolution? Well, probably. Would he be okay with being arrested and going to trial? Why not. And just like that, Dayton got lots of attention.
Levy does a great job of laying the groundwork and describing many different cultural facets that young readers won't know. Public schools were fairly new. There was a lot of religious fervor at the time. And William Jennings Bryant and Clarence Darrow were celebrity lawyers on opposite sides of the political spectrum with a long standing feud. There's also a discussion about Charles Darwin and his research, as well as an exploration of why some people believed in his work and others did not.
The most surprising part of this book is that while Scopes (who didn't speak in his own defense!) was found guilty and required to pay $100 fine, the case didn't get any further than the state supreme court, where the verdict was upheld, although the fine was eliminated. Evolution was kept out of many textbooks for years, and it wasn't until 1968 that Susan Epperson in Arkansas took her case to the supreme court, where it was declared that states couldn't ban teaching certain things because it was a violation of free speech. Even though Scopes had gone into geology, he and Epperson met up at one point to have lunch. This didn't surprise me. Teachers are particularly good at talking to each other, and that's one conversation I would have loved to have heard!
This is a well paced book, and quite an interesting read. There are several classes currently working on a nonfiction book project, and I have to admit that it took me a little bit of time to pick up this book, but once I did, I was hooked. My students with an interest in history, law, or science will find this to be an engaging narrative nonfiction choice. I just wish I still had a copy of Kidd's Monkey Town (2006) to go along with it.