Falenas, publicado em 1870, é o sexto livro e o segundo volume de poesia de Machado de Assis. A obra foi dividida em quatro partes: "Vária", com 25 poemas; "Lira Chinesa", composta de oito textos; "Uma ode de Anacreonte", poema dramático; e "Pálida Elvira", com 97 estrofes. Apesar da recorrência a assuntos remotos, o embate do escritor a essa altura é com o legado romântico, aqui examinado à luz de temas e formas da Antiguidade, bem como da tradição luso-brasileira.
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, often known as Machado de Assis, Machado, or Bruxo do Cosme Velho, (June 21, 1839, Rio de Janeiro—September 29, 1908, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian novelist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He is widely regarded as the most important writer of Brazilian literature. However, he did not gain widespread popularity outside Brazil in his own lifetime. Machado's works had a great influence on Brazilian literary schools of the late 19th century and 20th century. José Saramago, Carlos Fuentes, Susan Sontag and Harold Bloom are among his admirers and Bloom calls him "the supreme black literary artist to date."