“Wildcat Dome”
by Yuko Tsushima is a multilayered, haunting saga that reflects on postwar Japan and the enduring aftershocks of historical trauma, framed by the 2011 Fukushima disaster.
Spanning six decades, the novel begins in 2011, in the wake of the earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear catastrophe. An elderly man named Mitch returns to Tokyo and reunites with his childhood friend Yonko after years of silence. Their meeting reopens a long-buried secret from their shared past in an orphanage, forcing them—and the reader—to sift through layers of memory, guilt, and denial.
At the heart of the novel lies the mystery surrounding the death of a seven-year-old girl, Miki-chan, in the mid-1950s. The story unfolds across shifting timelines and perspectives, creating an intentionally unreliable narrative that questions the very nature of truth. The mixed-race protagonists—children of Japanese mothers and American GI fathers—embody Japan’s postwar identity crisis, carrying within them the nation’s buried shame and its uneasy reconciliation with the past.
A central concern in Wildcat Dome is the unreliability of memory and how trauma reshapes reality. The text makes this explicit: “At that age, you can barely distinguish reality from fiction. It’s like living in a cocoon inside a dream.” Tsushima isn’t merely exploring the fallibility of recollection; she’s showing how trauma fractures the very act of remembering. A child’s mind, overwhelmed by fear and confusion, cannot preserve events as they were—it distorts them into something half-true, half-imagined. Memory becomes a fog, a place where fact and feeling fuse into something unstable.
The conversations between Yonko, Sachi, and Ami-chan reveal that memory is not an individual record but a collective construction. When Sachi says, “When I think about being with you that day, I start to feel like I really was there,” it’s a striking admission of how memory can be rewritten in real time through dialogue. They are not recalling the past so much as rewriting it together, turning trauma into a shared, fragile fiction.
Sachi’s recollection of hearing Miki-chan fall—“Maybe I imagined it happening after the fact, but the sound stayed with me”—captures the emotional truth Tsushima is after. The sound may be imagined, yet it feels more real than silence. It’s as if the mind, unable to bear the absence of closure, manufactures its own sensory evidence. This blurring between imagination and recollection traps the characters in a cycle of guilt. Because they cannot agree on what actually happened, they cannot process or forgive themselves. The uncertainty becomes a prison. Kazu’s question, “What had they even done since that day when they were unable to save Miki-chan?” echoes this paralysis—without truth, there can be no redemption. The more they search for clarity, the deeper their guilt burrows, like a wound that won’t close.
In Tsushima’s hands, the mystery of Miki-chan’s death is less about solving a crime and more about understanding the psychological debris left behind. The truth is not a single buried object waiting to be found, but a shattered mirror whose fragments reflect different, contradictory versions of the past. The real tragedy isn’t just the event itself—it’s how the survivors live on, haunted by the impossibility of certainty.
This fractured truth corrodes their ability to connect. The unprocessed trauma of Miki-chan’s death breeds a deep emotional disconnection, pushing the characters toward imagined intimacy rather than real communication. Their relationships exist in a liminal space between reality and fantasy.
Kazu holds imaginary conversations with Yonko while digging holes in a botanical garden. Yonko, standing in her flower shop, speaks at length with Kazu’s ghost. Mitch imagines both of them sitting beside him, offering comfort about their missing friend, Nobu. These are not nostalgic daydreams but rehearsed performances—carefully constructed dialogues that provide emotional safety. Within fantasy, they can speak freely without fear of judgment or the inadequacy of words. “It’s for his own protection,” Kazu thinks, perfectly summing up the self-defensive nature of their illusions. The real world is too painful; imagination becomes their last refuge.
This pattern of invention extends beyond conversation into identity itself. As the text notes, “They began to invent stories—the kind of fairy tales you might tell to a young child.” Mitch’s fabricated tale about his mother, or their collective fantasy that Nobu is living peacefully in India, shows how lying becomes a survival instinct. It’s not deception but a creative act—a way to manage unbearable loss. The lie becomes a balm, an emotional prosthetic where honesty would only deepen the wound. They maintain the illusion of connection through shared invention, though what they share is fiction. In this way, Wildcat Dome becomes a study of how trauma makes even intimacy a performance. They are bound by memory, yet isolated within it—together in sorrow, but each profoundly alone.
Another crucial layer of the novel lies in its exploration of identity and belonging. The protagonists’ mixed-race heritage is not just biographical detail but a political condition, one that dooms them to perpetual otherness. The instruction, “Don’t forget Japanese... Otherwise, we won’t understand each other anymore,” takes on immense symbolic weight. Language becomes their only homeland—a fragile thread connecting them to a culture that has already rejected them. Speaking Japanese is not just communication; it’s resistance. It’s how they assert existence in a world that refuses to acknowledge them.
Tsushima captures their alienation in the line, “If those children had stayed in Japan, people would have told them they were American, and in America, people probably tell them they are Japanese.” Their identity is thus defined by negation: they are always what they are not. Mitch’s inability to settle, his sense that his life has simply “slipped away,” mirrors the existential drift of those who belong nowhere. His wandering becomes both literal and spiritual—a manifestation of internal dislocation. Even in old age, he reflects, “Even after all this time, even as adults, we’re still mixed-race orphans.” The phrase “still” captures the permanence of this fracture; it’s not something they’ve outgrown but a wound that has shaped their entire lives. In countries where no one speaks Japanese, they feel like ghosts—present, yet unseen.
Through these characters, Tsushima articulates a universal longing for belonging. To be unmoored from language, nation, or history is to lose one’s coordinates in the world. Their effort to preserve Japanese is their fight to stay real—to themselves and to each other.
The novel’s larger scope lies in its depiction of how personal and historical trauma intertwine. Tsushima connects the orphans’ private grief to the national and global disasters that define Japan’s modern history. The narrative links the atomic bombings to the Fukushima meltdown, suggesting that trauma is cyclical, a recurring pattern that keeps seeping into new generations. The mystery of Miki-chan’s death mirrors this pattern: an unresolved tragedy buried but never contained.
Jeff—or Nobu—is the embodiment of this entanglement. Born of postwar occupation, he later vanishes in the chaos of the Vietnam War. The line, “Jeff had been born as a direct result of Japan losing to America during World War II—how was it possible he had died in Vietnam?” encapsulates the cruel irony of history: those created by war are often consumed by it. His MIA status, neither alive nor dead, becomes a metaphor for historical amnesia—a ghostly limbo between memory and forgetting.
The recurring image of the color orange ties these traumas together. It begins as a personal motif—the color associated with Miki-chan’s death—but soon expands, staining every layer of the narrative. The “orange and poisonous” karaka fruit, the “unknown woman wearing orange,” and the orange glow of napalm in Vietnam all converge into one radiating symbol of contamination. When Yonko insists, “There’s no meaning behind it,” her denial only underscores the unbearable truth: the personal and the historical are inseparable. The color leaks across their lives, just as history leaks into the present.
Here, Tsushima’s message becomes clear: there is no safe distance from history. The characters’ grief mirrors Japan’s own—unacknowledged, buried, but still toxic. The pond in the orphanage, the radioactive fallout, the poisoned forests—all are manifestations of the same contamination. Trauma, like radiation, cannot be contained by time or memory.
Personally, however, I found myself wavering between admiration and exhaustion. Tsushima’s dreamlike, meandering prose—so immersive and hypnotic—beautifully mirrors the disorientation of memory. The nonlinear structure and blurred perspectives aren’t decorative; they’re integral to the novel’s design. Reading Wildcat Dome feels like being inside a mind trying, and failing, to hold its fragments together. Yet, that very design can also overwhelm. The constant namedropping of events and shifting geographies left me unmoored, as if I were drowning in the same whirlpool the characters inhabit. The question, then, is whether this is a flaw or a deliberate evocation of the trauma itself.
If disorientation was Tsushima’s aim, then she has succeeded brilliantly. The title itself, “Wildcat Dome,” drawn from the Runit Dome built to contain radioactive waste, makes this intention explicit. The Runit Dome was never a permanent solution—it merely covered over poison that still leaks into the sea. Tsushima’s narrative functions the same way: her characters build psychological domes to contain their pain, but the cracks always show. The references to Vietnam, 9/11, and other global events are not excess—they are seepage. Trauma refuses containment; it contaminates everything.
So, has Tsushima succeeded? I think she has. Wildcat Dome may not offer the neat satisfaction of revelation or closure, but it delivers something rarer—a visceral empathy for those who live with the uncontainable. The novel traps you within the dome, surrounded by ghosts, secrets, and echoes of a poisoned past. My exasperation as a reader is part of the experience, proof that Tsushima’s vision has worked. It is a difficult, perhaps even punishing, success—but a success nonetheless.