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Fundamentación de la metafísica de las costumbres
224 pages, Paperback
Published April 11, 2024
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About the author
Immanuel Kant
3,052 books4,378 followersImmanuel Kant was an 18th-century philosopher from Königsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia). He's regarded as one of the most influential thinkers of modern Europe & of the late Enlightenment. His most important work is The Critique of Pure Reason, an investigation of reason itself. It encompasses an attack on traditional metaphysics & epistemology, & highlights his own contribution to these areas. Other main works of his maturity are The Critique of Practical Reason, which is about ethics, & The Critique of Judgment, about esthetics & teleology.
Pursuing metaphysics involves asking questions about the ultimate nature of reality. Kant suggested that metaphysics can be reformed thru epistemology. He suggested that by understanding the sources & limits of human knowledge we can ask fruitful metaphysical questions. He asked if an object can be known to have certain properties prior to the experience of that object. He concluded that all objects that the mind can think about must conform to its manner of thought. Therefore if the mind can think only in terms of causality–which he concluded that it does–then we can know prior to experiencing them that all objects we experience must either be a cause or an effect. However, it follows from this that it's possible that there are objects of such a nature that the mind cannot think of them, & so the principle of causality, for instance, cannot be applied outside experience: hence we cannot know, for example, whether the world always existed or if it had a cause. So the grand questions of speculative metaphysics are off limits, but the sciences are firmly grounded in laws of the mind. Kant believed himself to be creating a compromise between the empiricists & the rationalists. The empiricists believed that knowledge is acquired thru experience alone, but the rationalists maintained that such knowledge is open to Cartesian doubt and that reason alone provides us with knowledge. Kant argues, however, that using reason without applying it to experience will only lead to illusions, while experience will be purely subjective without first being subsumed under pure reason. Kant’s thought was very influential in Germany during his lifetime, moving philosophy beyond the debate between the rationalists & empiricists. The philosophers Fichte, Schelling, Hegel and Schopenhauer saw themselves as correcting and expanding Kant's system, thus bringing about various forms of German Idealism. Kant continues to be a major influence on philosophy to this day, influencing both Analytic and Continental philosophy.
Pursuing metaphysics involves asking questions about the ultimate nature of reality. Kant suggested that metaphysics can be reformed thru epistemology. He suggested that by understanding the sources & limits of human knowledge we can ask fruitful metaphysical questions. He asked if an object can be known to have certain properties prior to the experience of that object. He concluded that all objects that the mind can think about must conform to its manner of thought. Therefore if the mind can think only in terms of causality–which he concluded that it does–then we can know prior to experiencing them that all objects we experience must either be a cause or an effect. However, it follows from this that it's possible that there are objects of such a nature that the mind cannot think of them, & so the principle of causality, for instance, cannot be applied outside experience: hence we cannot know, for example, whether the world always existed or if it had a cause. So the grand questions of speculative metaphysics are off limits, but the sciences are firmly grounded in laws of the mind. Kant believed himself to be creating a compromise between the empiricists & the rationalists. The empiricists believed that knowledge is acquired thru experience alone, but the rationalists maintained that such knowledge is open to Cartesian doubt and that reason alone provides us with knowledge. Kant argues, however, that using reason without applying it to experience will only lead to illusions, while experience will be purely subjective without first being subsumed under pure reason. Kant’s thought was very influential in Germany during his lifetime, moving philosophy beyond the debate between the rationalists & empiricists. The philosophers Fichte, Schelling, Hegel and Schopenhauer saw themselves as correcting and expanding Kant's system, thus bringing about various forms of German Idealism. Kant continues to be a major influence on philosophy to this day, influencing both Analytic and Continental philosophy.
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Displaying 1 of 1 review
January 9, 2026
Es una obra muy MUY densa y difícil de trabajar. Pienso que muchas veces es demasiado reiterativo explicándose y que podría haber comprimido la obra en algo aún más sintético. Sé que la idea es dejarlo todo pavimentado, pero joder, ha escrito la formulación del imperativo categórico veinte veces en la misma sección (por no hablar de los "pies" de página, que son mas "trajes" de página y de su ausencia del recurso del punto en toda la obra). Una observación final que me deja pasmado, pues tocar los límites de la razón y quedarse como "pues hasta aquí la aventurilla, no puedo hacer nada más, la razón humana no fufa" es una cosa que me choca en lo personal. Sin duda, es una base cojonuda para leer la Crítica de la razón práctica y quizás la Crítica de la razón pura (que tiene más sentido leer esta última primero, pero aún así, en este librito lo básico lo deja clarito). Ha sido un reto para leer, pero me deja un buen sabor de boca y una base muy firme para leer más textos, sobre Kant o en general.
Siempre que leo a este autor recuerdo aquella frase de "leer a Kant es como entrar en una habitación muy iluminada". Puede que yo sea de aquella manera y no lo entienda con ese fervor, pero claridad lo que es claridad no veo (en su forma de escribir, su pensamiento es una bomba para toda la tradición filosófica posterior). El pensamiento de Kant no es tan complejo, solo escribe MUY enrevesado. Para el que le guste Kant flipa, para el que no, lo siento en el alma.
Siempre que leo a este autor recuerdo aquella frase de "leer a Kant es como entrar en una habitación muy iluminada". Puede que yo sea de aquella manera y no lo entienda con ese fervor, pero claridad lo que es claridad no veo (en su forma de escribir, su pensamiento es una bomba para toda la tradición filosófica posterior). El pensamiento de Kant no es tan complejo, solo escribe MUY enrevesado. Para el que le guste Kant flipa, para el que no, lo siento en el alma.
Displaying 1 of 1 review