Specific Feedback vs. Generic Feedback -- Brigham Young University gave us a terrific example of how important this concept is, not only at work but in our personal lives and the workshop he was conducting at one company. Cherrington outlined this idea of specific praise and got some pushback from a man in the group. The fellow argued, as many managers have with us, that any kind of praise has a positive impact in the workplace, and he said he often threw out such positives such as ‘good job’ to his employees and they certainly seem to appreciate his sentiments. Cherington asked if the man was a father. The fellow said yes, he had three children at home. The professor asked if he could conduct an experiment that night and report back to the group the next day. The man was to express appreciation to each of his three kids individually in the presence of his wife. He was to make this simple statement. I just want you to know how much I appreciate everything you do. And leave the room adding nothing more. After the father made the comment and left his wife asked their youngest child Why the father might have expressed appreciation, said Cherington. The 10 year old replied, I guess he must be upset because I didn't get the dishes done like I was supposed to. Yikes. 180° is different than the reaction is father was expecting. As to the fellows 13 year old, she replied to her mother. ‘I don't know why he said that. I guess he was just feeling sentimental.’ Not bad, but certainly not what the father was seeking. By the time the dad met with his 15 year old, he wondered if adding sincerity might pull this experiment out of the crapper. So, channeling his best William Shatner, he gave a moving performance, sighing to his oldest daughter, ‘Becky, I just want you to know how much I appreciate everything you do.’ Dad, appearing to struggle to contain his emotions, then left the room. Mom asked Becky what she thought her father had meant by that. And a few brilliant words the daughter captured when a lot of employees are thinking, ‘who knows, Mom? I don't think Dad has a clue what's going on around here.’ Ah, the wisdom of youth.
Gratitude tiers -- Our friend Kent is a director of learning and development in the software industry. He told us a terrific story about the need to tailor gratitude to the individual. After working for months on a new employee orientation program, he introduced a method that would allow the company to bring new hires up to speed in half the time of the old way of doing things the first year estimated. Savings to the company was in excess of $75,000. Kent was understandably proud of his achievement. He was not surprised when, at the next staff meeting, one of the company leaders presented him with a gift card for his hard work. I thought, OK, that's nice, a $25.00 gift card, he told us. I probably wouldn't have thought that much about it. Except for what? At the next. The senior executive who had recognized Kent clapped her hands and said, now let's have some fun. Who can name the teams in this weekend's Super Bowl? The woman sitting next to Candy raised her hand and got the question right. Her prize? You guessed it, exact same $25.00 gift card. Our friend laughed when he told us the story. Yeah, I wasn't upset. I thought it was. But I also didn't leave feeling my work was that appreciated.
Anger resentment -- Johnson read a news article about a group of teenagers who had been hiking in the Arizona desert. Juan was bitten by a rattlesnake. Instead of rushing the affected team to the emergency room, the group spent hours chasing down the snake to kill it. By the time the teams returned to their stricken friend, the venom had spread, and doctors eventually had to amputate the friend's limb. That stayed with me in a really powerful way, she said. When we're hurt, we have to decide, are we going to go after the person who hurt us, or are we going to get the venom out of our system? I could have been bitter that things weren't going the way I wanted, but that venom of bitterness? Could have killed me. That's when I had the epiphany of gratitude. Every day I would look for things. I was grateful for basic things. I'm grateful for my family, for my husband, for my children. Or today. I'm grateful for clean water or for modern medicine. It took being in this moment of absolute depths to understand The only way through this was to find the small things I was grateful for every day.
Bonuses / Incentives -- One more challenge with cash bonuses is that some employees tend to game the program when money is involved, finding ways around the rules and trying to fix the odds in their favor. We were once asked to speak to the sales group of a large technology company. While chatting with one of the top performers in a meet and greet, he told us he'd made his bonus only the week before. By selling a new solution to a client? That's good news, we said. What's the client using the product for? His reply? Don't know and don't care. When cash rules, people too often focus on the prize instead of doing what's best for their customers.
Power of people making a difference in simple jobs -- It's from the research team of University of Michigan professors Amy Rozanski and Jane Dutton, who led a study of custodians in a hospital in the Midwest. You'd probably agree that janitors are out of the sight line of most executives. In their case, the researchers found a staff member, Candace Phillips, who was seen as particularly kind by patients and families and made a big difference in their stays at the hospital. The researchers interviewed Phillips, whose job it was to clean up vomit and excrement in the oncology ward as patients came in from their chemotherapy. At the lowest point they can imagine, when they are physically ill, emotionally embarrassed and afraid, this custodian showed up with a mop, a bucket and a kindly smile and put them at ease, she said of her work at their lowest. And most vulnerable point, I helped them maintain their dignity. I make it OK to feel awful, to lose control. My role is crucial in the healing process.
Gratitude in Marriage -- We found the research by psychologists John Gottman and Robert Levinson particularly illuminating. They began doing longitudinal studies of married couples in the 1970s to understand the difference between happy and unhappy pairings. In one line of their research, they invited couples into a room. With video equipment, which the couples were aware of and asked the pairs to take about 15 minutes to try to solve a conflict in their relationship. It could be anything from finances to in laws to kids to which way the toilet paper should hang or whatever was giving them grief at the time. The researchers then analyzed the tapes, detailing the nature of the couple's interactions. Then they put the tapes away, rewinding them naturally, since these were very considerate. Researchers note that joke was only for people older than 30. Nine years later, they checked in with the couples to find out whether they were still married. What they discovered was that in those brief attempts at conflict resolution all those years earlier, the couples who had stayed together showed a distinct ratio of positive to negative statements. It was 5 positives to each negative. For those who had divorced, the ratio of positive to negative. Was less than one to one going forward. Using this 15 minute interaction alone, the researchers were able to predict with more than 90% accuracy whether couples would stay together. Wow. Doctor Gottman said of the happiest couples. They may be arguing, but they are also laughing and teasing, and there are signs of affection because they have emotional connections. On the other hand, unhappy couples tend to engage in fewer positive interactions to compensate for their escalating negativity. If the positive to. Negative ratio during conflict is 1 to one or less. That's unhealthy and it indicates a couple teetering on the edge of divorce. Thanks in part to this research, therapists now have partners demonstrate gratitude to each other as an important component of couples therapy.