Kumpulan Kisah Klasik Dinasti Ming - Petualangan Zhang Tingxiu Menyelamatkan Ayahnya

by 冯梦龙 Feng Menglong

Pengabdian seorang anak pada orangtuanya mendorong Zhang Tixiu untuk mencari keadilan bagi ayahnya yang secara tidak adil divonis bersalah atas kejahatan yang tidak dilakukannya. Meski untuk itu, Zhang Tingxiu harus menghadapi ancaman pembunuhan. Inilah tema utama dari cerita pendek Petualangan Zhang Tingxiu Menyelamatkan Ayahnya yang hadir bersama 12 cerita lainnya di buku ini.

Keseluruhan cerita pendek di buku ini bagian dari Kisah-Kisah untuk Menyadarkan Dunia yang aslinya berjudul Xingshi hengyan, ditulis oleh Feng Menglong dan diterbitkan pertama kali di Suzhou pada 1627. Total ada 40 cerita pendek dalam Xingshi hengyan yang diterbitkan dalam tiga volume. Seluruh kisah ini diterjemahkan Shuhui dan Yunqin Yang yang sebelumnya telah menerjemahkan kumpulan kisah Feng Menglong lainnya, yaitu Kisah-Kisah Lama dan Baru (Gujin xiaoshuo; 1620 atau 1621) atau yang juga dikenal sebagai Petunjuk Bagi Dunia (Yushi mingyan), dan Kisah-Kisah untuk Memperingatkan Dunia (Jingshi tongyan; 1624). Kedua kumcer tersebut sudah diterbitkan dalam bahasa Indonesia.

Kumcer pertama, Gujin xiaoshuo atau Yushi mingyan, terbit dalam dua volume.
+ Kumpulan Kisah Klasik Dinasti Ming: Bertemunya Kembali Naga dan Harimau
+ Kumpulan Kisah Klasik Dinasti Ming: Zhang Shunmei Bertemu Gadis Cantik di Festival Lentera

Kumcer kedua, Jingshi tongyan, diterbitkan dalam dua volume.
+ Kumpulan Kisah Klasik Dinasti Ming: Kisah Belut Emas
+ Kumpulan Kisah Klasik Dinasti Ming: Kaisar Taizu Menyelamatkan Si Jelita Jingniang

Feng Menglong (1574-1646) adalah pakar nomor satu sastra populer pada zamannya, dan terkenal lewat tiga kumpulan cerpen yang secara kolektif sering disebut Sanyan.

576 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2011

About the author

Feng Menglong (1574–1646) was a Chinese vernacular writer and poet of the late Ming Dynasty.

Most of his literary work was in editing and compiling histories, almanacs and novels. Two of his noteworthy novels are Qing Shi and the shenmo work Pingyao Zhuan. In 1620 he published the Illustrious Words to Instruct the World (喻世明言 Yushi Mingyan), or Stories Old and New.

Feng was a proponent of the school of Li Zhi, which supported the importance of human feelings and behavior in literature. He is frequently associated with Ling Mengchu, author of Slapping the Table in Amazement.

Feng Menglong was in love with a famous prostitute when he was young. Unfortunately, Feng Menglong was not able to afford to redeem his lover out. At the end, his lover was redeemed by a merchant, and they had to leave each other. Feng Menglong suffered from pain and desperation due to the separation, and he expressed his sorrow through poems. This experience influenced the way he portrayed female characters in his stories. In fact, Feng Menglong was one of the few authors who portrayed female as being strong and intelligent; and this is different from other authors, where they tended to ignore the importance of female’s position. The female characters in Feng Menglong’s stories were portrayed as brave and bright when dealing with different situations. For instance, in his story Wan Xiuniang Takes Revenge Through Toy Pavilions from Jing Shi Tong Yan, Wan Xiuniang showed her braveness during her tough times, and she was able to escape using her intelligence. Other female characters, such as Miss Du Shi Niang and Qu Xiuxiu, are example to show Feng Menglong’s respect to female.

Feng Menglong expressed his attitudes towards the society through his works, and the reason was tightly related to his experience during his career. Feng Menglong became a local officer in Shouning in his sixties. He pursued justice and wished to build up his reputation by acting as an honest and upright official. Unfortunately, he was born in a time of corruption; bribery and extortion were common bureaucratic behaviors, and they opposed the principle of Feng Menglong. Realizing that atmosphere of corruption could not be easily changed, Feng Menglong conveyed his discontent and patriotism through words. Each character of his stories has strong and direct characteristics: there is a clear morality line drawn between “good” and “bad”. Moreover, the meaning behind the stories explores the social issues during Ming Dynasty. For instance, the story The White Maiden Locked for Eternity in Leifeng Pagoda and The Young Lady Gives the Young Man a Gift of Money from Jing Shi Tong Yan express the idea of how women pursue their freedom and happiness under a feudal society.

Reviews

[Kurnia Dwi Aprilia · Rating 3 out of 5]

Buku ini merupakan kumpulan kisah dari masa kekaisaran Dinasti Ming. Banyak menceritakan mengenai kehidupan masyarakat China pada masa itu. Kehidupan sehari-hari yang digambarkan akibat baik dan buruk melalui karma dan balasan di dunia. Ada kisah mengenai ibu tiri yang kejam, tentang peternak ulat sutra yang baik, tentang anak yang berbakti kepada orangtuanya, dlsb.