The problem with expertise—and the dark side of the equation “knowledge = power.”
Experts are not infallible. Treating them as such has done us all a grave disservice and, as The Weaponization of Expertise makes painfully clear, given rise to the very populism that all-knowing experts and their elite coterie decry. Jacob Hale Russell and Dennis Patterson use the devastating example of the COVID-19 pandemic to illustrate their case, revealing how the hubris of all-too-human experts undermined—perhaps irreparably—public faith in elite policymaking. Paradoxically, by turning science into dogmatism, the overweening elite response has also proved deeply corrosive to expertise itself—in effect, doing exactly what elite policymakers accuse their critics of doing.
A much-needed corrective to a dangerous blind faith in expertise, The Weaponization of Expertise identifies a cluster of pathologies that have enveloped many institutions meant to help referee expert knowledge, in particular a disavowal of the doubt, uncertainty, and counterarguments that are crucial to the accumulation of knowledge. At a time when trust in expertise and faith in institutions are most needed and most lacking, this work issues a stark reminder that a crisis of misinformation may well begin at the top.
Jacob Hale Russell and Dennis Patterson have produced a thought-provoking and timely analysis that tackles one of the most important intellectual challenges of our era. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as their primary lens, the authors deliver a nuanced and compelling critique of how expertise functions in democratic societies, particularly when scientific authority intersects with political power.
What makes this book particularly valuable is the authors' willingness to examine uncomfortable contradictions within liberal approaches to science and expertise. Their observation about the "deeply ironic" transformation of scientific support into something resembling religious orthodoxy reveals important insights about how crisis can distort even well-intentioned intellectual commitments. Russell and Patterson demonstrate remarkable intellectual honesty in exploring how veneration of expertise can become a political marker rather than a genuine commitment to inquiry.
The authors' documentation of how dissenting voices were marginalized during the pandemic provides crucial evidence for their broader argument about the dangers of intellectual conformity. Their concerns about what they term "intellectual tyranny" raise vital questions about the balance between respecting expertise and maintaining space for legitimate debate and inquiry.
Perhaps most importantly, Russell and Patterson offer a persuasive framework for understanding how tentative scientific conclusions can calcify into unquestionable orthodoxies when wielded by those in power. This analysis feels both historically grounded and urgently relevant to ongoing debates about expertise, authority, and democratic discourse. The book serves as an important reminder that protecting open inquiry requires constant vigilance, even—or especially—during times of crisis when such protection feels most difficult to maintain.