Arthur Schnitzler was an Austrian author and dramatist.
The son of a prominent Hungarian-Jewish laryngologist Johann Schnitzler and Luise Markbreiter (a daughter of the Viennese doctor Philipp Markbreiter), was born in Vienna in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and began studying medicine at the local university in 1879. He received his doctorate of medicine in 1885 and worked at the Vienna's General Hospital, but ultimately abandoned medicine in favour of writing.
His works were often controversial, both for their frank description of sexuality (Sigmund Freud, in a letter to Schnitzler, confessed "I have gained the impression that you have learned through intuition — though actually as a result of sensitive introspection — everything that I have had to unearth by laborious work on other persons")[1] and for their strong stand against anti-Semitism, represented by works such as his play Professor Bernhardi and the novel Der Weg ins Freie. However, though Schnitzler was himself Jewish, Professor Bernhardi and Fräulein Else are among the few clearly-identified Jewish protagonists in his work.
Schnitzler was branded as a pornographer after the release of his play Reigen, in which ten pairs of characters are shown before and after the sexual act, leading and ending with a prostitute. The furore after this play was couched in the strongest anti-semitic terms;[2] his works would later be cited as "Jewish filth" by Adolf Hitler. Reigen was made into a French language film in 1950 by the German-born director Max Ophüls as La Ronde. The film achieved considerable success in the English-speaking world, with the result that Schnitzler's play is better known there under Ophüls' French title.
In the novella, Fräulein Else (1924), Schnitzler may be rebutting a contentious critique of the Jewish character by Otto Weininger (1903) by positioning the sexuality of the young female Jewish protagonist.[3] The story, a first-person stream of consciousness narrative by a young aristocratic woman, reveals a moral dilemma that ends in tragedy. In response to an interviewer who asked Schnitzler what he thought about the critical view that his works all seemed to treat the same subjects, he replied, "I write of love and death. What other subjects are there?" Despite his seriousness of purpose, Schnitzler frequently approaches the bedroom farce in his plays (and had an affair with one of his actresses, Adele Sandrock). Professor Bernhardi, a play about a Jewish doctor who turns away a Catholic priest in order to spare a patient the realization that she is on the point of death, is his only major dramatic work without a sexual theme. A member of the avant-garde group Young Vienna (Jung Wien), Schnitzler toyed with formal as well as social conventions. With his 1900 short story Lieutenant Gustl, he was the first to write German fiction in stream-of-consciousness narration. The story is an unflattering portrait of its protagonist and of the army's obsessive code of formal honour. It caused Schnitzler to be stripped of his commission as a reserve officer in the medical corps — something that should be seen against the rising tide of anti-semitism of the time. He specialized in shorter works like novellas and one-act plays. And in his short stories like "The Green Tie" ("Die grüne Krawatte") he showed himself to be one of the early masters of microfiction. However he also wrote two full-length novels: Der Weg ins Freie about a talented but not very motivated young composer, a brilliant description of a segment of pre-World War I Viennese society; and the artistically less satisfactory Therese. In addition to his plays and fiction, Schnitzler meticulously kept a diary from the age of 17 until two days before his death, of a brain hemorrhage in Vienna. The manuscript, which runs to almost 8,000 pages, is most notable for Schnitzler's cas
مجموعة من القصص العالمية عميقة المحتوى ترجمها الأديب والمترجم الجزائري أبو العيد دودو ... القصص حسب ترتيبها هي *** المائدة مائدة لبيتر بيخسل أحد عشر ولدا لفرانز كافكا الموتى يلتزمون الصمت آرثر سنيتسلر البطل لأندري كامينسكي *** أحسن القصص على الاطلاق قصة المائدة مائدة والعازف الأعمى ------- قصة العازف الأعمى اسلوبها عبقري في سرد خلجات الشك التي انتابت الأعمى بعد وشاية حقيرة من أحد الأشخاص، فكانت الرحلة مؤثرة جدا مع العازف واخيه لتختم بروعة ايجادمشاعر بعضهما رغم انهما لم يفترقا يوما ما... ------- المائدة مائدة قصة مسلية في مظهرها عميقة وحزينة في محتواها، عن رجل عجوز سئم رتابة الاشياء التي تحيط به والروتين الخانق الذي كان يعيشه، عن السنوات الطويلة التي عاشها مع اشياء تحمل نفس المسمى فشاخ هو بينما بقيت هي صامدة دائما وابدا، قرر التغيير ليجلب المتعة لنفسه على الأقل، وليغير قسمات وجهه إلى البهجة بعد أن أنهكه الملل والغضب .
سعد في البداية بهذه الفكرة فجعله التغيير يضحك وينتشي، إلى أن فقد لغته كليا، واكتسب لغة جديدة، حاول بعدها جاهدا العودة للغة الأم ليفهم الناس ويستطيع محادثتهم لكن الأمر خرج عن سيطرته تماما فصمت إلى الأبد ..0 ------ قصة البطل هي ما افسد نكهة الكتاب بعدما عادت بي لأرض الجزائر بعد جولة في أدب العالم ، فلم ترق لي طريقة التهكم على الثورة الجزائرية وعلى أبطالها ومناضليها .
مختارات من الأدب العالمي ترجمة أبو العيد دودو أروعها بقصة العازف الأعمى وهي من أروع قصص ارتور شنيتسلر ،قدمت صورة عميقة عن ما يدور في أعماق الأعمى ذلك البائس الذي ضحى بحياته من أجل أخيه. كانت ترجمة أبو العيد دودو أمينة ، وهو المعروف بالدقة والرصانة خصوصا من الألمانية إلى العربية وله قدرة كبيرة على المقارنات بين اللغات ،ولهذا فقد كان له دور كبير في ترسيخ الأدب المقارن في الجزائر وتوجيهه علميا في جامعة الجزائر عن طريق مقالاته و ترجماته المتعددة التي فتح بها نوافذ الأدب العالمي للقراء العرب.