Surely not everyone who has read this book discusses it in Arabic... Well, anyhow, first read this many years ago when I read much more about the process of writing fiction, so it normally lives on my shelf of books about writing, most of which are from that brief period around 1990 when I tried my hand at mystery writing (my limited ability to plot prevents me from attempting to write more mysteries). But as I've been working on a lot of fiction this year and was contemplating how I might take a new thematic idea in a more structured direction (have basic character, general theme, no storyline whatsoever so may never write that one), I took a look at some of the books on that shelf. In the case of the other books, I read a chapter or so, took some notes, and re-shelved them. Wilson's book, however, isn't really a book on how to write, so its title is rather misleading (the subtitle is much more accurate). As the precis here says, it "Links the development of the form to the evolution of human consciousness and explores the creative process."
I've read a few of Wilson's novels, as well as one or two of his other books, and while I wouldn't call him a great novelist, he had an interesting mind, and so rather than putting this back on the shelf, I reread the whole thing. Wilson's overarching interest, as far as I can tell, was always in human consciousness, although he was frequently distracted by a fascination with sex and crime and wrote ridiculous numbers of books on those topics. When he (and Alexander McCall Smith) ever slept, I cannot imagine, as the number of books published became simply staggering and the quality varied.
This one, though, is decidedly interesting. When asked, in the early 70s, to teach Creative Writing, he found that his American students wrote well enough but had very little to say, which made him wonder, and led to his writing this book, which rather than being a how-to about characterization, plot, dialog, and so forth, contemplates the development of the novel and what it says about human consciousness. He sees creation as "the knack of solving problems"--that novelists set themselves problems of one sort or another, for example "Henry James and the problem of 'what should we do with our lives?'" Novels also as ways in which the authors create themselves/their self-image. For Wilson, Richardson's Pamela taught readers to imagine, to immerse themselves in another person's experience.
Wilson goes through the history of the novel from Richardson to the mid-20th century, examining what sort of advances were made in different periods regarding the development of human consciousness via novel-writing. On the whole, he finds that no matter how well the major writers wrote, from Romanticism to the 20th century experimental novel most of them didn't fulfill the novel's potential, but dealt with limited worldviews or a narrowing of consciousness. For instance, he points out that while Balzac wrote a great many novels that are much admired, overall they present a worldview in which people are pretty uniformly petty, mean, or unlucky, neglecting the fact that people are also often kind, intelligent, and lucky.
While I would take exception to some of what Wilson has to say, I'm very receptive to his overall thesis that a "serious" novel can (and probably should) seek to expand our consciousness in some way. I think there is, to be sure, a place for fiction that reveals what is wrong with society, or that simply entertains the reader; but I would like to read more novels that provide a sense of human potential, not just human frailty. Having finished writing two novels this year, one of which took years to write and is more about human potential, and one of which I simply needed to spit out of my system as if exorcising the past three years of political and environmental dreadfulness, I know which kind I prefer to write, and want to read more of.
In sum, Wilson's thoughts on the novel are worth thinking about.