Who would have thought I'd enjoy a book about... garbage as much as I did? "Única" was a lovely surprise from an author I'd never heard about until I actively looked for Costarican writers for a personal challenge. And now I want to read more.
Única contemplates the sea. But her sea is a sea of garbage. Until the end, when she really gets to contemplate the real sea. Única Oconitrillo is a former substitute teacher who finds herself without a job and without the possibility to pay rent anymore. She is forced to leave her home and move on the outskirts of a contested landfill, making a life among the “buceadores” (waste pickers) who survive by scavenging through garbage. She is not alone; many people in the same situation as hers, who have been discarded by society, live by sorting through garbage and selling what they can just so they can buy food. Among them, a boy she ends up "adopting", a former postman, a couple forever nicknamed "the fiancés", a woman driven crazy by the pain of losing her baby, and others.
The novel is bleak, but it's also filled with beauty. Fernando Contreras Castro does something I wouldn't have thought possible: he finds poetry in the filth. The prose is lyrical and full of symbolism, more vibes than actual plot. There's an oppressive atmosphere that parallels these people's lives, yet there's underlying hope in the way the buceadores end up viewing their situation. Única, as a former schoolteacher, takes up a sort of leading role in all things spiritual and infuses their otherwise miserable existence with religion, Christmas, lessons for the children, community dinners where everyone brings what food they can get and share it with their neighbors.
Contreras Castro humanizes those often considered invisible, showing their dignity and solidarity, but above, their humanity. It's a story about social exclusion and what it can do to the human mind, but also about resistance in the face of adversity and finding meaning in life despite society's abandonment.
Of course, "Única" is also an environmentalist novel. The landfill is a microcosm of a society that disregards both people and the environment. Through subtle satire, the author points out the wastefulness of the world today - the buceadores find everything they need in the landfill, from clothes to tableware, making a living from perfectly good items people throw away for no reason. It's a critique of the consumerism that will eventually destroy our planet.
I loved the empathetic portrayal of Única and the other characters. We, those who have a roof above our heads and enough food to fill our bellies, tend to discard those who don't, to judge them based on our limited morality, and, what is even more painful, to forget entirely about their existence. Maybe, from time to time, we need a reminder that the world is bigger than our limited bubble.