As I write this, Johnny Carson’s Tonight Show has been off the air longer than it was on. In a few weeks, he will have been dead 20 years. Unlike, say, an actor or a musician, his type of work was far more ephemeral - aside from the clip shows and the vintage-TV reruns, most of what he did was largely destined to be seen once and never again. So why a biography now - and after all these years, who, to be blunt, is this book for?
In many ways, the book is a long-delayed gift to those of us who’ve been waiting for it for decades and thought it would never see the light of day. In that way, the legend and the backstory is more fascinating than the book itself. I’d heard stories over the years about how Zehme struggled with what he had taken on - never satisfied that he had done enough research, enough interviews, enough contemplation, to understand his subject well enough to be able to write the definitive book on him. And when Zehme himself died in 2023, leaving his work unfinished, that seemed to be the end of that, until his protege Thomas completed the work.
It turned out to be a pleasant enough read, and it’s good to spend some time in Johnny’s company again. But for a book that had achieved such mythical status, I was expecting something more monumental, with more heft and significance. Instead, the book turned out to be relatively short, at under 300 pages, and rather unremarkable.
Several “definitive” biographies of Carson have already been published, so Zehme doesn’t try to replicate them with a standard birth-to-death, soup-to-nuts chronicle. His approach is to try to crack the nut of what made Carson special. So the book is thematic. It jumps around in time. It’s written in the style of a magazine profile, which Zehme was known for, with first-person references, throwaway lines, odd parenthetical asides and attempts to wax eloquent about The Meaning Of It All. So it’s not really a traditional biography at all, but more of a book-length appreciation.
The stories about Carson’s personal life and his frequently less-than-genial behavior off-camera have been told before, so while they still disappoint, they no longer shock. The stories about his absenteeism as a father are summed up most poignantly by his youngest son Cory, who corresponded with Zehme for the book. He described seeing his father on TV, appearing enchanted by child actors who guested on his show in a way that he never was with his own children - but then Cory quickly explains it away by saying that in prioritizing his work over his family, Carson “was typical of most entertainers” of the era.
It’s stories like that, that are most compelling and unique to this book, and I wish there were more of them. In the acknowledgements, the people who “shared their Carson memories and insights” are listed in a protracted paragraph that goes on for a page and a half. Many of them are directly quoted only briefly in the book, many not at all. But while Zehme struggles to understand his subject, we might have gained more insight by hearing more from those who knew his subject best.
That said, Zehme’s research is impeccable. Not only does he include quotes and insights from those he interviewed, he also dug up seemingly every extant archival interview with and about Carson from other publications and broadcasts, and even finds fascinating nuggets within unedited, unused portions of those interviews that have never been published before.
Carson’s personal life makes up only part of the book, and largely in the context of how it affected his work. The rest of the book is about his early career and his ascension to host of the Tonight Show. It’s well-known that no video recording of his first show exists - I’ve heard portions of the existing audio recording, but Zehme quotes from this recording at length, much of which I’ve never heard or read anywhere else, including not only the premiere show’s full introduction and opening monologue, but parts of his interviews with his opening-night guests. He also recounts some interesting little anecdotes such as how Ed’s “Here’s Johnny!” introduction originated, how the theme song came to be, and how Johnny came to pantomime a golf swing at the end of every monologue. He even tells a little-known story of how Carson’s production company once produced a TV pilot starring William Conrad as a pilot who crash-lands on a deserted island inhabited by puppets, which, what?!
Once Carson settles in as Tonight Show host, the book seems to lose interest in trying to understand his greatness, as there’s little said about his enduring appeal, his staying power, and what kept him on top for nearly 30 years. In the meantime, there’s nothing at all said about his penchant for “borrowing” characters from other comics (Carnac had the exact same premise as a Steve Allen bit, Art Fern was evocative of a Jackie Gleason sketch, and Aunt Blabby a pretty blatant ripoff of a Jonathan Winters character). There’s nothing said about how once-popular guests on his show were suddenly and without explanation frozen out and never asked back again. And on famous rifts, as with Joan Rivers, there’s apparently nothing left to say, so it’s covered in a sentence and we don’t learn anything more than we already know.
By the time the book reaches Johnny’s final show and his retirement years, the narrative has become a more conventional biography, so the shift in tone suggests that Thomas had picked up the work sometime prior to this point. There’s a sadness, though, in the retirement years, as Carson seems to want to do something but can’t find anything worth coming back on TV to do. There was no Netflix, there were no podcasts, so while his successors like Leno, Letterman and O’Brien have gone on to have prolific second acts today, nothing of the sort was available to Carson, so he simply faded from the spotlight, feeling that there was nothing more for him to do.
So, as I said, this book is a pleasant enough read. But Zehme doesn’t really succeed in his goal of explaining what made Carson great - possibly because he never seems to consider that Carson was simply a pleasant enough entertainer and may not have been truly “great.” That may be heretical for a fan to say, and I don’t mean to denigrate his talent, because he was certainly entertaining and influential, fans do have fond memories of the show, it’s fun to watch the reruns and clips, and plenty of moments stand out. But I would argue we fondly remember him not so much for his genius, but for his genial familiarity - far less bland and more inventive than Leno, while far less subversive and more conventional than Letterman, he was just right at just the right time.
And so the legend of this great unfinished, unpublished book, and the uncertainty and anticipation about whether it would ever come together, is no more. It’s now a real thing, and I’ve now read it. In time, I’ll think back to it with fond, hazy memories, but it is perhaps fitting that the book’s impact and influence is likely to be just as ephemeral as Carson’s show itself.