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288 pages, Hardcover
Published July 22, 2025
"We shouldn't approach politics via an ideal theory, a theory that starts with the ideal, just outcome and then works its way backward. Too often, this means we might imagine a path to our ideal outcome that does not exist, or ignore paths toward other interesting points of progress. We have to accept and understand the world as it is now and consider realistically what we should do about it."
Theories of embodied cognition show that the body is the locus of thinking for much of what we do (for example, it is the seat of our emotional reactions, and these then form our judgments). This idea fits into theories of 'extended cognition', which show that our thinking happens not only in our brain and our body but also through the tools we use in the world around us. Our phones are a primary example...When I can't remember something, I no longer rack my brain: I simply pick up my phone and search for it. But it's not just our immediate technological devices that shape the way we think. Even structures such as the law organize our thinking for us....We think through our bodies, yes, but also through our social structures.
Our brains spend time predicting not only our own possible actions but also other people's, which is useful to us as social animals. We adjust to their moods, behaviours and actions in real time, without consciously thinking about it...our beliefs are shaped not only by our daily actions, but also by our unconscious evaluation of the actions available to us.
This kind of organizing [i.e. Occupy, the Arab Spring, the "Mass Protest Decade"] was made possible by social media, which affords incredibly easy mass communication, often in a non-hierarchical manner. But these exact same affordances have a downside too: people don't have to get deeply involved to join in, which means they don't necessarily create the long-term structures that can continue to be powerful even after police clear out a particular occupation.