Star Wars is truly an empire unto itself. The eleven films of the series have grossed over $10 billion worldwide; and when one adds in television programs, action figures, soundtrack albums, video games, tie-in books, amusement park rides, lunchboxes, graphic novels, and other forms of licensed merchandise, one is looking at gross revenues somewhere in the range of $300 billion and climbing. And I find it interesting to contemplate how humble the beginnings of that empire were – a low-budget 1977 space-fantasy movie filmed in Tunisia and Guatemala, and this modest mass-market paperback novelization of the film’s screenplay.
George Lucas, of course, had a promising directorial career long before he became “the Star Wars guy.” A Modesto, California, native who attended the University of California film school, Lucas parlayed his teenage years in Modesto into the critically praised and commercially successful American Graffiti (1973), a thoughtful look at the angst facing a group of teenage friends on the cusp of adulthood in their little inland-California town. His next film, four years later, was the original Star Wars (1977).
But when you see George Lucas listed as author on the cover of this paperback, don’t believe it! – because the actual author, as Lucas acknowledges in a foreword, is Alan Dean Foster, a prolific science-fiction novelist who has written many novelizations of movie scripts, as with Ridley Scott’s Alien (1979). Foster, of course, knows the name of the game here: fans of the film want a book that will help them recreate and repeat, albeit in a different medium, the pleasures of viewing the film – just as the film fan listening to the soundtrack in their car is reliving favorite moments from a favorite movie while driving to work or to the mall.
So, what does this little mass-market paperback Star Wars book offer to anyone who is not already a Star Wars fan? To what extent does it convey anything different from the visual and auditory experience of viewing the original 1977 film?
Well, for one thing, it captures the idea of Star Wars, at that point in history, as very much a work in progress. This paperback’s official title is Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker – as if the events presented in the film are to be nothing more than a chapter in the larger saga of the life of one young man from the desert planet Tatooine. There needs no Force-ghost come from the grave to tell you that the series did not progress quite that way.
A prologue informs us that “Once, under the wise rule of the Senate and the protection of the Jedi Knights, the Republic throve and grew. But as often happens when wealth and power pass beyond the admirable and attain the awesome, then appear those evil ones who have greed to match” (p. 1). There is also a prefatory quote from Senator Leia Organa of Alderaan: “They were in the wrong place at the wrong time. Naturally they became heroes” (p. 2).
From there, we are thrown into the same situation explained in the screen crawl that opens the first movie. A rebellion is in progress against the rule of the tyrannical Galactic Empire, and the in medias res introduction presents us with the spectacle of a small civilian ship being captured by a large Imperial spaceship, a “star destroyer.”
Along with the human occupants of the ship – most of whom will soon be dead – there are two robots or androids, known in this fictive universe as “droids.” One, C-3PO, is a protocol droid that speaks billions of languages – a “tall, humanlike machine” with a bronze finish, and withal a fussy character that will remind the reader of many an English butler in many an American movie. The other, R2-D2 – “a stubby, tripodal robot”, “with his squat, cylindrical body’s low center of gravity well balanced on thick, clawed legs” – turns out to be a brave, loyal, and resourceful companion through all the adventures that are to follow.
R2 and 3PO – who, as characters, may well derive from the wandering peasants Tahei and Matashichi in Japanese director Akira Kurosawa’s film The Hidden Fortress (1957) – will play a decisive role in this narrative; for just as the civilian ship is being overtaken by the Imperial forces, a young woman – “young, slim, and…of a calm beauty” – is placing something inside R2’s memory circuits. This is, of course, Princess Leia Organa of Alderaan – again, a parallel with a Kurosawa character, Princess Yuki from The Hidden Fortress – and while she will soon be in Imperial hands, the information that she has been carrying, placed within R2’s memory circuits, is a crucial piece of military intelligence that could threaten the entire Imperial structure of power.
The Empire knows this, of course, and therefore it has sent one of its most feared operatives after Princess Leia and the data tapes she stole. Please allow me to introduce one Darth Vader: “Two meters tall. Bipedal. Flowing black robes trailing from the figure and a face forever masked by a functional if bizarre black metal breath screen – a Dark Lord of the Sith was an awesome, threatening shape as it strode through the corridors of the rebel ship” (p. 7). With the “cloud of evil” that surrounds him, his “malevolent presence”, Vader of course makes a vivid impression right away. He captures Princess Leia, seeks the stolen data tapes, and invokes the power of an energy field called “The Force,” choking a dismissive Imperial officer without touching him: “‘I find,’ Vader mentioned, ‘this lack of faith disturbing’” (p. 43).
But R2-D2 and C-3PO make a successful escape by jet-pod from the captured spaceship to the surface of the nearby desert planet Tatooine. After a series of strange misadventures, they end up on the farm where 20-year-old farmboy Luke Skywalker lives with his aunt and uncle. Luke is described in terms of his ordinariness; with his “shaggy hair and baggy work tunic”, the book’s narrator observes, “The most prepossessing thing about the young man was his name” (p. 15).
A thought-provoking scene that does not appear in the film further emphasizes Luke’s ordinariness. At a repair station, Luke bursts in to tell some friends that he has seen signs of battle in the skies above Tatooine; but his friends dismiss Luke, calling him “Wormie.” The way these other characters treat Luke made me think of the socially maladroit Terry “The Toad” Fields from Lucas’s American Graffiti (1973) – and made me wonder if a young George Walton Lucas Jr., growing up as a skinny kid with glasses in Modesto, California, might have felt just as out-of-place in his desert world as Luke clearly does in his.
But one friend, Biggs, believes in Luke. A recent graduate of the Imperial military academy, Biggs confides to Luke that he is considering joining the rebellion against the Empire: “Only the threat of rebellion keeps many in power from doing certain unmentionable things. If that threat is completely removed – well, there are two things men have never been able to satisfy: their curiosity and their greed” (p. 35).
Luke is rescued from a dangerous desert encounter by one Obi-Wan Kenobi, an older man whose face shows some hint of all that he has been through:
[His] aged visage blended into the sand-stroked cloth [of his cloak], and his beard appeared but an extension of the loose threads covering his upper chest. Hints of extreme climates other than deserts, of ultimate cold and humidity, were etched into that seamed face. A questing beak of nose, like a high rock, protruded outward from a flash-flood of wrinkles and scars. (p. 79)
Obi-Wan Kenobi, or “Ben” Kenobi (a Franklinian allusion, perhaps?), educates young Luke regarding the ways of “the Force” – a powerful energy field that suffuses all things in existence, and that can be manipulated, for good or ill, by some but not all people. He also tries to urge Luke to avoid 1970’s-style apathy and get involved with the important issues of his time: “Remember, Luke, the suffering of one man is the suffering of all. Distances are irrelevant to injustice. If not stopped soon enough, evil eventually reaches out to engulf all men, whether they have opposed it or ignored it.” (p. 92)
In their efforts to get away from Tatooine and get the stolen data plans to the Rebel Alliance, Luke and Obi-Wan solicit the aid of Han Solo – “a sharp-featured young man” who “displayed the openness of the utterly confident, or the insanely reckless” (p. 112) – and his first mate Chewbacca, an “anthropoid” creature whom Lucas/Foster describes as “a great hairy mass” (p. 110). The two have a freighter, the Millennium Falcon, that is quick enough for effective smuggling operations.
Han Solo shows his readiness for action when he gets the drop on a bounty hunter that had been gunning for him – “Light and noise filled the little corner of the cantina, and when it had faded, all that remained of the unctuous alien was a smoking, slimy spot on the stone floor” (p. 116) – and he contracts to take Luke and Ben to the planet Alderaan, a center of resistance to the Empire. A series of capture-and-escape adventures proceed from there.
Fans of Star Wars will enjoy the frisson of re-experencing familiar moments from the film, with slightly different lines of dialogue. Viewers will remember the three-dimensional computerized chess game that Chewbacca plays against the two droids. When Chewbacca reacts with rage to an effective move by R2-D2, C-3PO protests: “There are certain standards any sentient creature must hold to. If one compromises them for any reason, including intimidation, then one is abrogating his right to be called intelligent.” Solo blandly replies, “I hope you’ll both remember that…when Chewbacca is pulling the arms off you and your little friend” (p. 132).
Ben meanwhile trains Luke in the ways of the force. When a blindfolded Luke effectively parries the attacks of a hovering practice droid, Han calls it luck, and Ben replies, “In my experience there is no such thing as luck, my young friend – only highly favorable adjustments of multiple factors to incline events in one’s favor” (p. 137).
The entire planet Alderaan, it turns out, has been destroyed by the Death Star, and the Millennium Falcon is captured and brought on board the space station. Luke, Han, Ben, and the two droids must figure out a way to rescue Princess Leia and escape the Death Star. In the process, Obi-Wan Kenobi finds himself facing Darth Vader, his former pupil. Vader expresses arrogant confidence that he will quickly slay his aging former instructor, and Ben responds in this manner:
“You sense only a part of the force, Darth,” Kenobi murmured with the assurance of one to whom death is merely another sensation, like sleeping or making love or touching a candle. “As always, you perceive its reality as little as a utensil perceives the taste of food….This is a fight you cannot win, Darth. Your power has matured since I taught you, but I too have grown much since our parting. If my blade finds its mark, you will cease to exist. But if you cut me down, I will only become more powerful. Heed my words.” (pp. 184-85)
All of this, of course, leads up to a final confrontation wherein the Rebel Alliance executes a daring plan to destroy the Empire’s mighty Death Star through attacks by small, one-person fighters against an exhaust port that, if struck the right way, will initiate a chain reaction that will destroy the entire space station. It’s a fine plot element. It’s just unfortunate that Lucas saw fit to use that same plot element, with variations, in one Star Wars movie after another.
We all know, of course, what a cultural phenomenon Star Wars became. I will never forget seeing it, as a 16-year-old in 1977, on the 70-by-35-foot Cinerama curved screen at the Uptown Theatre in Washington, D.C. – a transformative experience of pure cinematic magic. It is a great, entrancing movie.
And we all know that, for the Star Wars fan who just can’t get enough of that universe, there are plenty of ways to stay in tune with the Force. The Kindle version of Lucas/Foster’s Star Wars that I have offers excerpts from eight other Star Wars novels; and then there is a timeline that covers 5000 years, and sets the Star Wars films on that timeline among, by my count, 139 (!) Star Wars novels so far. Utinni! (that's Jawa for "Get going!") May the Force give you time to do some serious reading.
I won’t be travelling that far with you, I must confess. While, as mentioned above, I liked the first film very much, I found much of the action and dialogue in the subsequent films repetitive (though I must say that the Episode IX film provided a fine coda, and a pleasant, classy farewell for actors Mark Hamill, Carrie Fisher, and Harrison Ford from the roles with which they will always be identified). The Blade Runner films are much more my style.
But even the grumpiest Dark Lord of the Sith cannot deny the potency of Star Wars as a cultural force. This modest 1977 novel (a mint-quality, first-edition paperback of which may set you back $270.00 on eBay) takes us back to the very beginnings of that galaxy-shaking cultural phenomenon. Enjoy it if you are so inclined, and may the Force be with you.