Cos’hanno in comune lo slogan «Make America Great Again», guardare le pubblicità della nostra infanzia su YouTube e i dinosauri di "Jurassic Park"? La nostalgia, l’emozione indagata da Grafton Tanner come potente forza sociale, culturale e politica. Le aziende ricoprono i loro prodotti di una patina nostalgica per indurre all’acquisto, mentre i politici la sfruttano per orientare il consenso auspicando il ritorno a un passato idealizzato e intollerante. Quando il futuro sembra scomparire, la nostalgia è un rifugio rassicurante ma anche un pericoloso strumento di manipolazione. Ma possiamo prendere la nostalgia sul serio e utilizzarla in modo trasformativo? Possiamo evitare di restare intrappolati in cicli nostalgici che ci rubano il futuro? Il nostro avvenire dipende da questo.
Grafton Tanner is the author of The Hours Have Lost Their Clock: The Politics of Nostalgia, The Circle of the Snake: Nostalgia and Utopia in the Age of Big Tech, and Babbling Corpse: Vaporwave and the Commodification of Ghosts. His work has appeared in NPR, The Nation, the Los Angeles Review of Books, and Real Life. He also hosts Delusioneering, an audio series about the myths of capitalism, and he writes and performs music with his band Superpuppet.
Really well-researched and nuanced account of nostalgia and the various roles it plays in the modern world. The specific case studies were interesting but I found the conclusion to be the real highlight, the idea of a radical nostalgia that can be used for positive ends against the usual assumption that nostalgia is inherently reactionary was really compelling and definitely something I'll be thinking about a lot.
Supongo que el problema lo tengo yo porque he leído muy buenas críticas sobre este libro, pero me ha parecido un artículo del New Yorker (eso está bien) de 300 páginas (eso está mal). Lo sorprendente es que Tanner mete tantos temas distintos aquí dentro sin desarrollar particularmente ninguno de ellos que parece que tampoco tenía tanto que decir sobre la nostalgia (y tiene otros dos libros dedicados a ella). Tampoco he encontrado en el libro ninguna idea medianamente original sobre el tema más allá de las que cita de otros autores (sí, jajaja). O sea: mal
можливо я цю книжку надто довго читав (кіндл/телефон) але попри невеликий обсяг - йшло дуже довго і якось дуже незвʼязно. дуже цікава для мене тема яка дуже добре вивчена автором (бібліографія тут окремий +) але написано доволі невнятно. Місцями здавалось що книжка не про "політику ностальгії" а про стандартну критику неоліберального американського суспільства (весь набір - історя рабства, расизм, консумеризм, трампізм, квір-права) з "приплетенням" теми ностальгії до деяких з питань. розумію що всі ці питання актуальні, але звязок з темою ностальгії видавався притягнутим, але визнаю що бракує занурення і контексту щоб цей звязок осягнути в повінй силі. Деякі розділи дійсно хороші, а деякі, в порівнянні, видались поверхневими. Також до плюсів - вже згадана бібліографія, та введені терміни(наприклад "соластальгія"), в які хочеться копнути глибше. Загалом, + за пророблену роботу і дослідження теми, - за посереднє написання.
La veritat és que és molt interessant veure com han volgut convertir la nostàlgia en una eina de control i alienament. No demonitza la nostàlgia però adverteix que voler viure d'ella pot ser perillós.
“Plató temia que perdéssim la capacitat de recordar si posàvem per escrit els nostres pensaments (…) Gairabé no hi ha res que no puguem capturar a l’instant en foto, vídeo o àudio i recuperar en qüestió de segons fent servir un telèfon mòbil, un ordinador o una tableta”
“Mirar cap al passat és adonar-se que hi ha coses que s’acaben”
filosòfic i trist a parts iguals, vaja, que et venen ganes de plorar.
Interesante ensayo sobre los porqués de la nostalgia y las múltiples ramificaciones de esta emoción. Una reivindicación también de la nostalgia de las "realidades perdidas" que puede ser motor de futuro y no únicamente un impulso reaccionario y excluyente. Toca múltiples palos, de la retromanía de la industria cultural al cambio climático, la música o la nostalgia mediática. Interesante, accesible y didáctico. Tiene la virtud de caer menos en la reiteración y el sobre masticado que otros ensayos.
“Something happened to time in the 2010s. People started experiencing it differently than they used to, so their relationship to it changed.”
Nostalgia is a subject that has fascinated me for some time, and I’ve read a fair amount on it, and yet Tanner still manages to find virgin ground to work on, making this both a vital and relevant addition to the growing body of work out there. Tanner traces the actual word back to 1688 when it was coined by a Swiss physician, Johannes Hofer to describe the profound sense of homesickness afflicted by Swiss mercenaries stationed away for long spells. It got so bad that dead soldiers soon had their cause of death listed as “nostalgia”. Slaves also often displayed signs, but their masters believed that they were incapable of experiencing it. This of course isn’t the roots of the sensation, merely the origins of the word which we use to describe it today.
“Depressed and anxious, the public was also fed a diet of nostalgia through mass media, and the well to tap was the late 20th century-specifically, the decades before 9/11. This led to the birth of the nostalgia industry, a branch of the culture industry that sells nostalgic hokum as escapism. The nostalgia industry traffics in retro, rebooting old TV shows, writing prequels and sequels to bygone films, and turning them into franchises and world of their own. And it works in concert with news media conglomerates: the latter stoke anger and hate, and the former provides the nostalgic balm. This emotional feedback loop became a crucial component of the attention economy in the 2010s. ”
The author describes a landscape saturated with hype trends and manufactured sensationalism so that the ordinary present is almost forbidden. He’s not concerned about people watching re-runs of their old TV shows or replaying their old albums they once had on vinyl, but the weaponisation of nostalgia by giant corporations, ambitious politicians and states for darker ends, such as exploiting power, controlling narratives, deterring debate or avoiding scrutiny.
“What is new is not that the world lacks meaning, or has little meaning, or less than it used to have; it is that we seem to feel an explicit and intense daily need to give it meaning…This need to give a meaning to the present, if not the past, is the price we pay for the overabundance of events…”
So says the French anthropologist, Marc Auge, talking about the acceleration of history, and to think that this was back in the early 90s. Tanner later adds, “The desire to ascribe meaning to every single event only made understanding the world more difficult. The more we hungered for meaning, the hungrier we got.”
He references Svetlana Boym’s concept of Restorative Nostalgia (protects the absolute truth, privileges heritage over history and wishes to reclaim things which have been lost, by any means necessary) and Reflective Nostalgia (doesn’t take itself so seriously, often more interested in the distance between past and present, and calls nostalgia into doubt).
Tanner is also good on the cabin myth and cabin mythologizers, those (usually comfortably off, white men) inspired by Walden etc, he summarises, “Escape artists don’t really want to live free of distractions. On the contrary, they want to live a completely distracted life. Their desire is to reduce all life down to mere survival, to spend their hours each day working to stay alive so they don’t have to face the world, to make it as difficult as possible to live so that they don’t have to think anymore.”
“Part of the reason why memes and discourses have such short lives is because social media prompts users to constantly historicize the present, to archive events immediately after they happen by freezing them in posts online, thus closing the gap between experience and its memory.”
He covers a lot of ground, I was intrigued by the case of Disney and a certain mouse, the rights expired in the mid-80s, but they lobbied to change the law and got it moved to 2003, they then lobbied again in the 90s and again got it extended, this time to 2023. He also talks about Ryan Lizardi’s concept of Mediated nostalgia (nostalgia for media-unrelated experiences of the past, that are merely channeled through media, and how this can blur lines between media nostalgia too.
Elsewhere Tanner explores Retrobait and Easter Egg marketing (the intentional insertion of clever nods to other nostalgic reference points within a medium) and so much more. I couldn’t get enough of this and I believe that Tanner has pulled off an outstanding piece of work here and I honestly cannot recommend this high enough.
Justo: la nostalgia no tiene por qué ser reaccionaria o destructiva, puede ser una emoción imprescindible para recuperar las potencialidades de los pasados perdidos (Mark Fisher) y construir el futuro. Ni que lo hubiera escrito para mí jeje
Well researched but poorly written, lacks depth or insight. Better alternatives would be just actually reading Jameson, Fisher, Berman, Reynolds. Maybe find the book in a library, go to the notes, read the texts referenced and skip out the middle man. From this, I am left cold.
Super interesante el libro, aunque tengo que decir que demasiado redundante, incide una y otra vez en lo mismo y, aunque me parece un punto importante para tener en cuenta, creo que marca mucho la base de la nostalgia en un continuo proceso político. Me hubiese gustado que lo abordara más desde el punto de vista psicológico -cosa que hace aunque a duras penas y con muy pocas pinceladas- y no tanto histórico, con demasiadas metáforas y conceptos que, en repetidas ocasiones, me parece que no tienen nada que ver.
Las camisetas ochenteras de Stranger Things se han vuelto casi tan omnipresentes como el bebé alienígena de El Mandaloriano con el que Star Wars goza de una nueva vida entre los jóvenes. Las famosísimas películas de Marvel corresponden en realidad a sagas escritas décadas atrás como es el caso de El Guantele del Infinito de Jim Starling. Incluso en las últimas adaptaciones de clásicos del terror como Scream o Halloween puede apreciarse un intento por reconstruir la nostalgia.
El filósofo estadounidense Grafton Tanner termina su trilogía sobre la nostalgia como herramienta política, un proyecto que empezó con la teoría ficción del vaporwave y termina ahora con un proyecto con ecos a Mark Fisher y Simon Reynolds.
A brilliant and thought-provoking book that also ended up being a surprisingly emotional read. Here is just one of the passages that really resonated with me (and that I still find myself thinking about, months after finishing this book).
"Nostalgia can empower the present to envision a just future by looking back to those moments when collective action stood up to gross abuses of power. It doesn't only have to be about 'getting back there,' in restoring what's been lost, but in learning from, and yearning for, those who came before."
Tanner's work builds on some ideas covered in hauntological studies, but gives a bit more ground to exploring the sedimentary instinct of nostalgia. Finishing Tanner's work as a Ghostbusters project started and stalled since the nineties and a launch of a 'new' Beatles project had me pretty close to shouting get off my lawn.
Grafton Tanner - The Hours Have Lost Their Clock (Repeater Books, 2022) Nostalgie ist ein relativ junger Begriff. Erstmalig im späten siebzehnten Jahrhundert vom Eidgenössischen Mediziner Johannes Hofer als Heimweh nach der Schweiz definiert als Gemütskrankheit von Söldnern, Seeleuten und reisenden Kaufleuten hat sich die Bedeutung in der Moderne verwandelt und globalisiert zu einer unstillbaren Sehnsucht nach etwas das einer unwiderbringlichen Vergangenheit liegt. Hat sich in einen Reflex verwandelt, der angesichts komplexer werdender Realitäten in Gegenwart und Zukunft eine Wiederkehr von etwas affirmiert, das es so nie gab (nie geben konnte). Also einerseits eine zutiefst menschliche Rührung und andererseits eine soziokulturelle, im Kern politische Agenda die sehr leicht in den Dienst von Autoritären, Reaktionären, Identitären gestellt werden kann, und extrem effektiv kommerziell ausgewertet werden kann vor allem von den großen Plattformen die gerne bestimmen wollen wie wir miteinander kommunizieren und zusammenleben. Es ist auch das Lebensthema von Grafton Tanner, der mit Texten zur Ambivalenz von Vaporwave - dem vielleicht avanciertesten Genre der Nostalgie - seine große Rundumbetrachtung "The Hours Have Lost Their Clock" bereits vorbereitet hatte. Tanner versucht nun in anderen Bereichen als nur Musik die tiefere innere Logik von Nostalgie, was mit ihr passiert, wozu sie dienstbar gemacht wird freizulegen. Wie eine konkrete Erfahrung zu einer virtualisierten Emotion wurde. Wie sie von einer "normalen" psychologisch gesunden Reaktion auf Komplexität, Überforderung oder Perspektivlosigkeit zu einer hybrid-politischen Waffe umgedeutet wurde. So operieren Verschwörungstheorien und autoritäre Ideologien gleichermaßen gerne mit Nostalgien. Im Erkennen dieser Instrumentalisierung liegt aber auch die Möglichkeit unsere Zukunft wiederzugewinnen. Darin ist Tanner sogar deutlich optimistischer als fast alle Nostalgieexperten (wie etwa Mark Fisher). Die Nostalgie zurückgewinnen als zukunftsweisende Rückerinnerung an Zeiten, Sitautionen und Konstellationen in denen eine bessere Zukunft noch möglich (und erstrebenswert) schien. Gegen die Ideologien der Alternativlosigkeit ist diese extrapolative Nostalgie das große Projekt das Tanner anstoßen möchte.
"Les hores han perdut el rellotge: Les polítiques de la nostàlgia", de Grafton Tanner.
Tanner fa una profunda investigació sobre la nostàlgia i com aquesta ha passat de ser una malaltia registrada al segle XIX a un mal espiritual cada vegada més comú en la població. Fins i tot, en podríem dir una moda: es fan remakes de sèries taquilleres dels vuitanta, dels noranta i aviat dels dos mil. De sobte, la roba que havies jurat no posar-te mai més torna a ser tendència. La ciutat, amb la gentrificació i els expats, s'allunya del que tu entenies com a casa i la trobes a faltar encara que la transitis cada dia... Fins i tot, hi ha polítics que ja utilitzen la nostàlgia com una carta electoral i reivindiquen retornar la glòria passada a una Barcelona despersonalitzada avui pel turisme. La nostàlgia és arreu, Tanner ho sap i ha escrit un assaig que, si hom pateix de nostàlgia, pot llegir-se com un llibre d'autoajuda.
Noticing in my readings of books analyzing nostalgia (all of two of them) the writers find a way in through their personal story — to analyze nostalgia, one must become nostalgic.
Casual and accessible tone used to explore interconnectedness of economic forces in American capitalism and existential anxieties of being alive that has made nostalgia big business. This book presents a counterargument for a kind of "revolutionary nostalgia" — a left-aligned nonreactionary nostalgia used for emotional appeal to, hypothetically, change the status quo. I'm not certain whether this would be an efficacious practice, or even if "nonreactionary nostalgia" exists.
The brightest spot in the book's analysis is its arguments on time being perceived nonlinearly. Human perception is the context of our existence and we most certainly do not experience time in its linear form even if that is how time passes on Earth. Nostalgia is one instance of us living in nonlinear times.
Positives; as always, Grafton Tanner has an eye for nuance and a wide ranging cultural vocabulary with which to illustrate this book’s various concepts and assertions. It’s structured well, and has very little in the way of fluff.
Negatives; again, as always, this publisher’s titles often feel over baked, as if they could have been longform essays on the topic instead of entire books. That being said, I don’t know if there’s a market for 10k word essays so it does make sense to stretch them out so people can actually make a living (lol).
All in all a concise, well-argued history of nostalgia.
A powerful analysis of nostalgia and its effects, The Hours Have Lost Their Clock works to encourage a critical appraisal of how nostalgia is utilised by corporations and politicians, and how, in contrast, it can be implemented by individuals and grassroots movements to effect prosocial change. I can hardly fault Tanner- his work is well-researched and easy to read, though I personally would have preferred slightly more formal and concise language.
esta bastante bien, pone en juego diversas problemáticas que merecen su atención aunque quizás en algunos momentos pueda pecar de reincidir en la misma idea desde perspectivas distintas o de no ofrecer una solución concisa a ciertos problemas (cosa que probablemente no sea fácil de hacer) resumido en un refran: quien mucho abarca poco aprieta, aunque en este caso algun punto que otro si es bien apretado
Did not finish. Guy can't get out of his own way when trying to make a point. He can't decide if he wants this to be an academic paper or just a tell-all exploring his thoughts on his own emotions. It reads like he wrote down the first things that came to mind and just stuck with that the whole way through. If he trimmed it up and sharpened his arguments it would be a lot better. Good potential in the author, but not a good book.
remember that time Alan Moore ranted about how the saturation of super hero movies, infantilization of men and rise of fascism were directly correlated and yet the internet gave him shit?
He leído un conjunto de reflexiones hiladas por la nostalgia (con un tono bastante nostálgico, por cierto), más que un análisis de cómo en la política se instrumentaliza la nostalgia. Hace puntos muy interesantes, pero creía que iba a ser otra cosa.