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204 pages, Paperback
Published September 20, 2024
In an eighteenth-century classroom in the town of Brunswick, Germany, a local schoolmaster was looking for a way to keep his elementary school children occupied while he attended to other tasks. He devised an arithmetical challenge that he was sure would keep them busy for some time, instructing the class to sum the integers from 1 to 100. Expecting them to add the numbers laboriously, one by one, he returned to his desk to focus on other work. Within moments, however, he was interrupted when one of the children, a boy named Carl Friedrich Gauss, approached his desk and quietly placed his slate on his teacher's desk.
Written on the slate was the number 5,050, the answer to the problem.
Gauss had noticed a pattern in the numbers that needed to be added together. If one were to pair the numbers from the beginning and the end of the series, each pair summed to the same value: 1 + 100 = 101 and 2 + 99 = 101 and 3 + 98 =101, and so on. Gauss realised that 50 of these pairs existed in the given number series, and he therefore simply multiplied 101 by 50 to arrive at the correct answer.