The remarkable story of a battle between science and the law, and a mother's fight for justice
In 2003, Kathleen Folbigg was found guilty of smothering her four young children to death, one by one. Medical experts told her trial that they had never come across a family like hers, where three or more infants had died from natural causes. Extracts from diaries she had written were judged to be virtual admissions of guilt, and Folbigg was sentenced to 40 years in jail. But did she do it?
This is a gripping and meticulously researched account of one of Australia's most infamous criminal cases, written by investigative journalist Quentin McDermott, whose groundbreaking work with ABC's Australian Story helped trigger a push by scientists to uncover the genetic cause of two of the children's deaths. It is also the story of how dedicated teams of lawyers, friends and supporters fought to achieve Kathleen Folbigg's eventual pardon, release and acquittal after 20 years behind bars.
Meadow's Law is a must-read for anyone interested in true crime, justice, science and the power of investigative journalism.
I am not a scientifically minded person, so I thought I’d be lost for lots of the research that went in to clearing Kathleen Folbigg’s name but this was so well done. What an incredible miscarriage of justice that hadn’t really caught my attention before; I kind of just remember feeling sorry for her because her diaries had been read…so I knew next to nothing going in to this book and I feel this was a really balanced, really thoughtful, really well done study into the case. An absolute tragedy and a terrible assumption; a really important book, I’m so glad I read it
I lived in the Hunter Valley, so I had a local interest in this story. Like so many of us I was subjected to the tabloid coverage of Kathleen Folbigg and the death of her four children. During her trial and the mentions of her over the years registered with me but I did not have a deep interest. This book certainly opened my eyes to how the judicial system works, or may be doesn’t work, the people who are part of that system and the many failings of the judiciary.
I am of the age where I can clearly remember Michael and Lindy Chamberlain and the death of their baby Azaria. I also clearly remember the vicious condemnation of Lindy. It frightens me to think of the abuse she would cop in today’s social media dominated world. Both Lindy and Kathleen failed to meet the requirements of the motherhood template. It is worth noting the role of men in both woman’s convictions
In 2010 I learnt my lesson when an NRL player, Brett Stewart, was accused and charged with sexual assault against a 17-year-old. I remember thinking, “Yeah typical privileged footballer.” It turned out that he was found innocent, and evidence was presented showing the “victim’s” father had a long history of fraud. Never again have I jumped to conclusions about someone until the full story is told.
The media has much to answer for in this and similar cases. The pressure put on everyday people when they are thrown into the public spotlight must be horrible.
Quentin McDermott has certainly told the full story of this heinous miscarriage of justice. The author tells the story of Kathleen Folbigg, the death of her four children, the subsequent trial and, after 20 years the inquiry and release.
We are told the story of her childhood, how her father murdered her mother and her being a ward of the state and raised as a foster child.
The marrow of this story is reached about halfway when much scientific evidence was presented to the judicial inquiry, evidence that either was not available in 2003 or was ignored by her defense team.
As I read it became apparent that Kathleen Folbigg had been found guilty and imprisoned for twenty years on either false or flimsy evidence. It also appears that her defence counsel was poor.
It was when genetic information was introduced that the prosecuting forces began to falter. McDermott gives over many pages to the highly qualified scientists who believed that Folbigg carried a gene that could have caused the death of at least two of her babies.
At the final judicial enquiry expert analysis of her diaries was introduced. This demonstrated the absurdities of the claims made at her trial and subsequent reviews.
So, under the guidance of retired Supreme Court Chief Justice Tom Bathurst the overwhelming scientific evidence led him to conclude that Folbigg was not responsible for the death of her four children: Sarah, Laura, Caleb and Patrick.
The book’s title comes from Sir Samuel Roy Meadow, an English paediatrician who proclaimes “Meadow’s Law”, which reads,"one sudden infant death is a tragedy, two is suspicious and three is murder until proved otherwise." He was involved in the wrongful convictions of mothers for murdering their babies in the United Kingdom. He was found guilty of serious professional misconduct and was struck off the medical register.
Imprisonment is part of the punitive aspect of our legal system. I would readily admit that there are a small number of those incarcerated who belong no where else but in gaol. This goes for those who continually use violence. There are many who just lack social support to lead peaceful worthwhile lives. Then there are those who are no threat to society. The cost of keeping someone in prison is roughly $147,890 per year. The cost of detaining Ms Folbigg for twenty years was $2,957,800. Those who cheer on lengthy prison sentences should be sent a bill for the incarceration costs.
On concluding this book, I reflected on the New South Wales justice system. I thought about the men, and it was mainly men, whose decisions led to Folbigg being falsely imprisoned for twenty years. I wondered about their understanding of motherhood. Finally, none of these men, politicians and jurists have expressed a syllable of sorrow and no steps have been taken to change and improve the NSW legal system.
At this stage she has been acquitted but there has been no compensation.
A extremely detailed account of the life of Kathleen Folbigg. An extraordinary read.
the story of Kathleen Folbigg is devastating, fascinating, and important. anyone who is interested in Australian law should read this - i was shocked and disappointed at the number of key legal figures who cropped up and stood in the way of Kathy’s path to justice (i’m looking at you Nick Cowdery and Michael Kirby). i have been hearing about the Folbigg story since my first year of university, when she was used as an example to demonstrate the logical fallacy that drives people to misunderstand Bayes’ Law. finally learning the rest of her story feels like coming full circle.
HOWEVER. i spent the entire book waiting for McDermott to investigate, or describe, or at the very least mention the role misogyny played in Kathy’s conviction and vilification. he did not. discussing this story while failing to address the significance of Kathleen’s identity as a mother and a woman feels like missing the point.
(mostly listened to as an audiobook, but no option for that on here)
This book flowed so well. From beginning to end I was hooked on every word. The author did an incredible job of detailing Kathleen’s whole life, the court case and the science that ended up exonerating her.
As someone who is highly critical of our legal system, reading this book made me feel validated in my views but also sad for not just Kathleen but every single person who has faced injustice of this sort. This is a system which is so old school in its way of thinking and has not evolved as the rest of society and the world has. Many in the legal system believe that they know everything and the law is always correct. There is nothing other than black and white in their worlds. It’s a shame that as science has progressed, the law has not alongside it.
It feels like at every opportunity, there was someone in the legal system who denied science to have its voice. I think the part that got to me the most was when during the 2019 inquiry, Reginald Blanch had “dismissed the suggestion that expert psychiatrists or psychologists could help him understand Kathy’s diaries”. Diaries which belonged to a mother who had gone through extremely traumatic events from a young age. To think that the words in those diaries could mean nothing but it’s plain ordinary English meaning is ludicrous. 2019 was not that long ago when you really think about it…
It was also interesting to read how different scientists can provide different evidence and statements on the same issue. I’ve been thinking about it a lot because of another show I’m watching. It makes me wonder whether jurors and judges are equipped with the right tools to determine which side, or which scientist is providing the most accurate evidence. Just some food for thought.
A captivating book that had me thinking deeply about the systems in which I work in. Would highly recommend to all my lawyer friends!
Reading this newly released book and its sad tale of a serious miscarriage of justice, I was drawn inexorably to another NSW Supreme Court case from 112 years earlier, the case of another woman found guilty of murder on flimsy, circumstantial evidence. Louisa Collins, albeit in different circumstances to Kathy Folbigg, faced quadruple jeopardy, tried no less than four times for the murder of her two husbands, before ‘twelve good men and true’ reached a unanimous verdict in relation to her guilt. She was executed in a grisly hanging 31 days later.
Kathy Folbigg, too, was found guilty, circumstantially, despite the weight of potential medical evidence that was never investigated to the depth it deserved. She, too, faced effective quadruple jeopardy in that the charges of murdering her four children were combined in a single case and not heard individually despite differences. Thankfully, in the ensuing period, Australia had long divested itself of the generally abhorred death penalty, although Kathy Folbigg was sentenced to forty years with a minimum term of thirty years (subsequently reduced on appeal to thirty/twentyfive).
Quentin McDremott, an ABC reporter and producer, as well as author, has been at the forefront of keeping Kathy’s story before the public, with at least two programs put to air on Australian Story, and other articles. His research has added to the scientific work already put together to discredit the so-called Meadow’s Law. Professor Sir Roy Meadow is an English paediatrician who established the ‘fact’ that “One infant death in afamily is a tragedy, two deaths are doubtful, and three are murder,” quoting a figure of 73 million-to-one against as the odds for two SIDS deaths in a family.
Meadow established the figure from belief rather than fact; however, despite that, it was used successfully in the case against an English woman, Sally Clark, accused of killing her two sons. Despite having been pretty much discredited in the ensuing period (in which Sally Clark was exonerated but sadly committed suicide) it was dredged up again and used against Kathy. Not only that, but a specialist American paediatric forensic pathologist, Dr Janice Ophoven, extended this to “...the statistical likelihood that four children could die from SIDS is in excess of 1 in a trillion.”
Unfortunately, the defence evidently failed to hit a home run against much of what the prosecution put to the jury, including questioning the factuality of the above statement and much of the evidence against their client (although there was a partial - and surprising - explanation late in the book) It was strange, too, that the judge or the defence failed to pull up the prosecutor (Mark Tedeschi) when he trivialised some of Kathy Folbigg’s evidence with the statement, “I can’t disprove that some piglets might be born with wings and that they might fly.”
A book that is dutifully researched, covering Kathy’s early life, her marriage, the birth and death of her children, the supposed double entendre of notes in her diaries, the court case and those involved, the amount of clinical research engendered by the case and her appeals, her incarceration and, especially, those who never let her go, Meadow’s Law is perhaps my best read century-to date. There were times when an old man’s eyes burnt with the sheer audacity of the ‘evidence’ and its effect on a poor girl who lost not only her children but 20 years of her life.
Finish date: 17.10.2025 Genre: Australian non-fiction Rating: A #NonFicNov25
Good News:Meadow's Law is a now-discredited legal concept once used to adjudicate cases involving multiple instances of sudden infant death syndrome(crib or cot deaths) linked to a single caregiver. Discredited....but it still took Kathy Folbigg 20 years to prove her innocence...and finally released in June 2023 in Australia !
Good News: This is an utterly fascinating and meticulously researched account of one of Australia's most infamous criminal cases, written by investigative journalist Quentin McDermott.
Bad News: How could any judicial system be so CRUEL? Repeatedly Kathy applied for appeal...and rejected every-single-time....even with conclusive scientific proof that there was a reasonable doubt in her conviction.
Personal: I rarely read True Crime but if the book is on the shortlist for...I must read it. Chapters 1-13 (part 1) were filled with Ms Folbigg's personal background and the descriptions of the deaths of four infants (19 weeks - 18 months) over 10 years. Part 2-3 were page turners! I read the book in one day! Will the book win the prize? I don't think so ...there are many more impressive books on the shortlist.
I remember when this all hit the media back in the 00’s because it happened in the place I too grew up. I remember the guilty verdict and her labelling as a baby killer. Other than this, I didn’t know much more than what was reported in the media, and after the verdict I don’t recall hearing much else.
After finishing this book I applaud the efforts made by her team to seek the truth and do what’s right. I cannot imagine the pain of losing even one, let alone four children. And then to have the law convict her of murdering these four children, with seemingly little evidence to support this allegation, with noted evidence of pathological causes existing, and the words of a grieving mother’s journal taken and used against her to imprison her for more than 20years. It took a worldwide effort of scientists, dedicated legal team and unwavering support of her closest friends to finally identify the genetic basis that led to the death of two of her children finally being discovered and accepted, and eventually her official exoneration for these four murders. No mean feat. Brilliant science. Brilliant writing.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
This was fascinating. A really well flowing and researched piece about prejudice, the criminal justice system and science.
This is not easy to read from an emotional perspective. Kathleen Folbigg lost 4 babies over a period of years and was subsequently charged and convicted with their murder. McDermott was sensitive in his retelling of the deaths of the babies and describing the circumstances.
The retelling of the court case and then years of appeals and inquiries makes the mind boggle. I found this very well researched and written. The scientific breakthrough and global engagement to support Kathleen was inspiring.
a really interesting and compelling read. I was appalled and disgusted at how the justice system failed 10 times over and still has not been held accountable for such disgusting incompetence.
some thing(s) I liked: ✅well written ✅interesting to see how law outside the UK works (or doesn't in this case, although I wasn't surprised, there are just as many atrocities in ours aswell) ✅how that poor woman has managed to continue in anyway with even a fraction of the tragedies have befallen her
some thing(s), not so much: ⭕really really horrible, sad and tragic themes to read ⭕Craig really should have faced some kind of consequences. Despicable man.
This entire review has been hidden because of spoilers.
Part one had me thinking something was amiss with this story writing; grammar perhaps? I’d often looked back to check my understanding, thinking that the author had the contents and all that had to be done was to write it down. Then the scene changes and the journalist is fluently recording as he sees and hears the unfolding horror of how Kathy who has lost her family (four children) is imprisoned for two decades before science catches up with technology and the cloth eared lawyers admit to a mistake; a massive mistake. After putting down this book it’s impossible to not mention the case in conversation.
I cannot believe this case. Kathleen, my heart goes out to you. How so many self proclaimed “medical experts” can ruin a person’s life and endure no consequences is beyond me. This is the epitome of life not being fair. Shame on the wheels of “justice” turning so slowly in this case and for not making up for this appalling miscarriage of justice. Quentin has done a great job of describing the clear and ongoing process of setting Kathleen free. An amazing job done by the scientists who from now on the legal industry really need to listen to shame on you.
How do you keep a reader engaged in a true crime book when the title tells you what happened? By page-turning writing, incisive journalism and forensic mastery of the detail. Quentin MacDermott displays all of these qualities brilliantly. Buy it - and prepare to be shocked. The legal establshiment of Australia should hold its head in shame but it contains so many echoes for the great miscarriages of justice in the UK, too - the Guildford Four, the Birmngham Six and Derek Bentley.
A brilliant expose of the clash between science and lawyers and the battle over an Australian mother’s life. This meticulously researched book is a must read for anyone concerned about truth and justice.
This is one was very interesting with the science that was able to set Kathleen free and cleared her name aswell. This was incredibly story that was based on how Kathleen was apart miscarriage of justice. I couldn't stop reading this one
This book was really interesting but it lost me with all the different names of lawyers and everyone working on the case. I feel like there was too many chapters talking about the same legalities
Shocked to read an entire book on this case and not have misogyny mentioned once. Every page I was waiting for the author to speak to societal attitudes towards women and mothers, the expectations, the burden, domesticity, isolation, the 'good' mother/wife myth, not to mention post partum depression etc etc
I found the lack of comment bizarre ... like an elephant in the room. These were the societal forces at play why can't we discuss them??
A brilliant expose of the clash between science and lawyers and the battle over an Australian mother’s life. This meticulously researched book is a must read for anyone concerned about truth and justice.