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سياسات الدول المتحاربة

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«أما الشيء الوحيد الذي أخشاه بحق، فهو أن يظن الناس بعد موتي أني لقيتُ حتفي بسبب ما أخلصتُ من النية وأسلمت للملك من طويَّة للهلاك، فيخرس كل لسانٍ ناطقٍ بالنصح، وتتقهقر كل قدمٍ ساعيةٍ في طريق الحق، ويقعد عن المجيء إليك خلصاؤك، ويُقال عن دولة تشين في هذا الشأن كل ما يمكن أن يُقال.»

يُعد هذا الكتاب وثيقةً تاريخية مهمة؛ لما يتضمَّنه من ملفاتٍ يعود تاريخها إلى عصر الدول المتحاربة (٤٧٥–٢٢١ق.م.)، وقد عُثر على تلك الملفات في أحد مخازن القصر الملكي الحاكم، وعُهد بها إلى المُحقق «ليو شيانغ» لضبطها وتصحيح مُتونها. وكانت تلك الملفات تشتمل على عناوين مختلفة مثل: الملفات الرسمية، والشئون الملكية، والمزايا والمساوئ، وحديث الشئون العامة، والكتاب الكبير؛ وغيرها من العناوين المُتفرقة. وهذه الملفات بمثابة سجلٍّ تاريخي شامل لعصر الدول المتحاربة؛ وهو عصر الجدل الكبير؛ جدل الآراء والأفكار، والتصوُّرات والاتجاهات، مثلما كان عصر المُساجلات بين قادة الدويلات والحكماء والأبطال والشعراء والفنانين؛ حيث تشكَّلت ملامح الشخصية الصينية في جوانبها الفكرية والفنية. وتكمُن أهميته أيضًا في أنه المصدر التاريخي الوحيد الذي حفظ للإنسانية أهم أحداث ووقائع تلك الفترة الزمنية. أما في الجانب الأدبي فهو أرقى صياغةٍ بَلغَتها الكتابة الصينية في الزمان القديم والحديث والمعاصر أيضًا، بما خط من سماتٍ أثَّرت في النصوص الإبداعية المختلفة، وخصوصًا الرواية الأدبية من القرن السابع إلى الثالث عشر الميلادي.

700 pages, ebook

First published June 22, 2014

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Liu Xiang

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Displaying 1 - 2 of 2 reviews
Profile Image for Kenneth Meyer.
106 reviews1 follower
January 5, 2025
One more half-star for the footnotes on the many personalities in this new version of the translation, which believe me, we need. So 2.5 stars.
This translation was shopped around earlier in a much more problematic version. I was reading portions of the translation on-line in comparison with the Chinese text (for the Chinese, I was using the Zhiyang Chuban She edition, Taiwan, 2003). Be it noted, I have only gotten through about 20% of the Chinese text. I agree with Warren, there are problems with this English version, but this 2024 version is much improved.
In the case of this work, as often happens with non-English classics, we have to separate the edition and particular scholarship/commentary (if any) from the original work. As far as the Strategies of the Warring States (compiled during the Han dynasty, but covering stories from the period 490-221 BCE) goes, this is a fundamental classic in Chinese literature, relating anecdotes of statecraft and adventures of for the most part real figures (as far as we know) in the periods before the unification of China under Chin Shihuang (221 BCE). These anecdotes are fascinating, shed light on the prevalence of various schools of thought in the Warring States period (Confucian, etc.), and many of the stories are retold even now in China in various fora.
To this day, we really don't have a "go to" translation of the ZGC in English, and this edition doesn't quite get us there either. Having said that, this subject matter is difficult (even reading it in English). And let me add, in reading these anecdotes--whether in Chinese or English--you need a map handy showing which states were where.
Students of Chinese classics will be grateful to have even this version. If Warren and others point out particular flaws and errors, such notes help us all going forward.
Enjoy--with a map.
Profile Image for Warren Tutwiler.
156 reviews1 follower
Want to read
May 4, 2021
Not a perfect translation, with some place-names and "common" phrases un-translated, one entire "chapter" un-translated (but Google Translate was sufficient for this), and some repeated-character errors (apparently from machine translation software glitches). In addition, some of the phrases are awkward, but accurate, such as "long wife" and "short wife" to indicate the length of time those women were married to the man. But, despite this, it is a complete translation of an otherwise hard-to-find text, and for this I am grateful.

In case you are not familiar with it, these are a series of (unrelated) anecdotes about how philosophical ministers would travel from state to state to manipulate the lords with wisdom. It is fascinating reading.
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