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Fluid Mechanics Book for ME Branch
Contents:
1. Basic Definitions and Fluid Properties
Objectives, Introduction, Incompressible and Compressible Fluids, The Fluid as a Continuum, Dimensions and Units, Properties of Fluids, Kinematic Viscosity, Variation of Viscosity with Temperature and Pressure, Thermodynamic Properties of a Fluid, Types of Fluids, Compressibility and Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, Surface Tension on Liquid Droplet, Surface Tension on a Hollow Bubble, Surface Tension on a Liquid Jet, Capillarity, Vapour Pressure and Cavitation, Concept of Fluid Static Pressure, Pressure of a Fluid, Pressure Head of a Fluid, Pascal’s Law, Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest, Absolute, Gauge, Atmospheric and Vacuum Pressures, Measurement of Pressure, Manometers, Mechanical Gauges, Differential Manometers, U-Tube Differential Manometers, Inverted U-tube Differential Manometer, Pressure at a Point in Compressible Fluid, Isothermal Process, Adiabatic Process, Temperature at Any Point in Compressible Fluid, Temperature Lapse-Rate (L), Summary, Review Questions, Unsolved Numericals, GATE Questions.
2. Hydrostatic Forces on Submerge Surfaces
Objectives, Introduction, Total Pressure and Centre of Pressure, Total Pressure, Centre of Pressure, Vertical Plane Surface Submerged in Liquid, Total Pressure (F), Centre of Pressure (h*), Horizontal Plane Surface Submerged in Liquid, Inclined Plane Surface Submerged in Liquid, Curved Surface Submerged in Liquid, Aerostatics, Isothermal Atmosphere, Polytropic Atmosphere, Buoyancy, Centre of Buoyancy, Meta-centre, Meta-centric Height, Condition of Equilibrium of Floating and Submerged Bodies, Stability of a Submerged Body, Stability of a Floating Body, Analytical Method for Meta-Centre Height, Experimental Determination of Meta-centric Height, Summary, Review Questions, Unsolved Numericals, GATE Questions.
3. Kinematics and Dynamics of Fluid Flow
Objectives, Introduction, Methods of Describing the Fluid Motion, Types of Flow Lines, Classification of Flow, Rate of Flow or Discharge (Q), Velocity and Acceleration, Velocity Potential and Stream Functions, Velocity Potential Functions, Stream Function (?), Equipotential Line, Stream Line, Flow Net, Relation between Stream Function and Velocity Potential Function, Movement and Deformation of Fluid Element, Vorticity, Conservation of Mass: The Continuity Equation, Continuity Equation in One Dimension, Continuity Equation in Three Dimension, Fluid Dynamics, Flow Visualization, Methods of Flow Visualization, Applications, Fluid Momentum: The Momentum Theorem, The Momentum Equation, Moment of Momentum Equation, Free Liquid Jets, Euler’s Equation of Motion, Application of Bernoulli’s, Summary, Review Questions, Unsolved Numericals, GATE Questions.
4. Orifice Discharging
Objectives, Introduction, Classification of Orifices, Flow Through an Orifice, Hydraulic Coefficients, Coefficient of Velocity (Cv), Coefficient of Contraction (Cc), Coefficient of Discharge (Cd), Coefficient of Resistance (CR), Experimental Determination of Hydraulic Coefficient, Determination of Coefficient of Discharge (Cd), Determination of Coefficient of Velocity (Cv), Determination of Coefficient of Contraction (Cc), Discharge Through a Large Rectangular Orifice, Discharge Through Fully Submerged Orifice, Discharge Through Partially Submerged Orifice, Time of Emptying a Tank Through an Orifice at its Bottom, Time of Emptying a Hemispherical Tank, Time of Emptying a Circular Horizontal Tank, Mouthpiece, Classification, Flow Through an External Cylindrical Mouthpiece, Discharge Through a Convergent-Divergent Mouthpiece, Discharge Through an Internal or Re-entrant or Borda’s Mouthpiece, Notches, Weirs, Classification of Notches and Weirs, Types of Notches, Types of Weirs, Discharge Over a Rectangular Notch or Weir, Discharge Over a Triangular Notch or Weir, Discharge Over a Trapezoidal Notch or Weir, Discharge Over a Stepped Notch, Time Required to Empty a Reservoir With a Rectangular Notch, Time Required to Empty a Reservoir with a Triangular Notch, Velocity of Approach, Empirical Formulae for Discharge Over Rectangular Weir, Discharge Over a Broad Crested Weir, Discharge Over a Narrow-Crested Weir, Discharge Over an Ogee Weir, Discharge Over Submerged or Drowned Weir, The Cipolletti Weir, Summary, Review Questions, Unsolved Numericals, GATE Questions.
5. Dimensional Analysis and Laminar Flow
Objectives, Introduction, Dimensional Analysis, System of Units, Dimensional Homogeneity of an Equation, Method for Forming Dimensionless Constants, Procedure for Solving Problems by Buckingham’s p-theorem, Model & Model Analysis, Similitude, Geometric Similarity, Kinematic Similarity, Dynamic Similarity, Forces Influencing Hydraulic Phenomena, Dimensionless Numbers and Their Significance, Reynold's Number (Re), Froude’s Number (Fr), Euler’s Number (Eu), Weber’s Number (We), Mach's Number (M), Model Laws or Similarity Laws, Reynold’s Model Law, Froude's Model Law, Euler's Model Law, Weber's...
1. Basic Definitions and Fluid Properties
Objectives, Introduction, Incompressible and Compressible Fluids, The Fluid as a Continuum, Dimensions and Units, Properties of Fluids, Kinematic Viscosity, Variation of Viscosity with Temperature and Pressure, Thermodynamic Properties of a Fluid, Types of Fluids, Compressibility and Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, Surface Tension on Liquid Droplet, Surface Tension on a Hollow Bubble, Surface Tension on a Liquid Jet, Capillarity, Vapour Pressure and Cavitation, Concept of Fluid Static Pressure, Pressure of a Fluid, Pressure Head of a Fluid, Pascal’s Law, Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest, Absolute, Gauge, Atmospheric and Vacuum Pressures, Measurement of Pressure, Manometers, Mechanical Gauges, Differential Manometers, U-Tube Differential Manometers, Inverted U-tube Differential Manometer, Pressure at a Point in Compressible Fluid, Isothermal Process, Adiabatic Process, Temperature at Any Point in Compressible Fluid, Temperature Lapse-Rate (L), Summary, Review Questions, Unsolved Numericals, GATE Questions.
2. Hydrostatic Forces on Submerge Surfaces
Objectives, Introduction, Total Pressure and Centre of Pressure, Total Pressure, Centre of Pressure, Vertical Plane Surface Submerged in Liquid, Total Pressure (F), Centre of Pressure (h*), Horizontal Plane Surface Submerged in Liquid, Inclined Plane Surface Submerged in Liquid, Curved Surface Submerged in Liquid, Aerostatics, Isothermal Atmosphere, Polytropic Atmosphere, Buoyancy, Centre of Buoyancy, Meta-centre, Meta-centric Height, Condition of Equilibrium of Floating and Submerged Bodies, Stability of a Submerged Body, Stability of a Floating Body, Analytical Method for Meta-Centre Height, Experimental Determination of Meta-centric Height, Summary, Review Questions, Unsolved Numericals, GATE Questions.
3. Kinematics and Dynamics of Fluid Flow
Objectives, Introduction, Methods of Describing the Fluid Motion, Types of Flow Lines, Classification of Flow, Rate of Flow or Discharge (Q), Velocity and Acceleration, Velocity Potential and Stream Functions, Velocity Potential Functions, Stream Function (?), Equipotential Line, Stream Line, Flow Net, Relation between Stream Function and Velocity Potential Function, Movement and Deformation of Fluid Element, Vorticity, Conservation of Mass: The Continuity Equation, Continuity Equation in One Dimension, Continuity Equation in Three Dimension, Fluid Dynamics, Flow Visualization, Methods of Flow Visualization, Applications, Fluid Momentum: The Momentum Theorem, The Momentum Equation, Moment of Momentum Equation, Free Liquid Jets, Euler’s Equation of Motion, Application of Bernoulli’s, Summary, Review Questions, Unsolved Numericals, GATE Questions.
4. Orifice Discharging
Objectives, Introduction, Classification of Orifices, Flow Through an Orifice, Hydraulic Coefficients, Coefficient of Velocity (Cv), Coefficient of Contraction (Cc), Coefficient of Discharge (Cd), Coefficient of Resistance (CR), Experimental Determination of Hydraulic Coefficient, Determination of Coefficient of Discharge (Cd), Determination of Coefficient of Velocity (Cv), Determination of Coefficient of Contraction (Cc), Discharge Through a Large Rectangular Orifice, Discharge Through Fully Submerged Orifice, Discharge Through Partially Submerged Orifice, Time of Emptying a Tank Through an Orifice at its Bottom, Time of Emptying a Hemispherical Tank, Time of Emptying a Circular Horizontal Tank, Mouthpiece, Classification, Flow Through an External Cylindrical Mouthpiece, Discharge Through a Convergent-Divergent Mouthpiece, Discharge Through an Internal or Re-entrant or Borda’s Mouthpiece, Notches, Weirs, Classification of Notches and Weirs, Types of Notches, Types of Weirs, Discharge Over a Rectangular Notch or Weir, Discharge Over a Triangular Notch or Weir, Discharge Over a Trapezoidal Notch or Weir, Discharge Over a Stepped Notch, Time Required to Empty a Reservoir With a Rectangular Notch, Time Required to Empty a Reservoir with a Triangular Notch, Velocity of Approach, Empirical Formulae for Discharge Over Rectangular Weir, Discharge Over a Broad Crested Weir, Discharge Over a Narrow-Crested Weir, Discharge Over an Ogee Weir, Discharge Over Submerged or Drowned Weir, The Cipolletti Weir, Summary, Review Questions, Unsolved Numericals, GATE Questions.
5. Dimensional Analysis and Laminar Flow
Objectives, Introduction, Dimensional Analysis, System of Units, Dimensional Homogeneity of an Equation, Method for Forming Dimensionless Constants, Procedure for Solving Problems by Buckingham’s p-theorem, Model & Model Analysis, Similitude, Geometric Similarity, Kinematic Similarity, Dynamic Similarity, Forces Influencing Hydraulic Phenomena, Dimensionless Numbers and Their Significance, Reynold's Number (Re), Froude’s Number (Fr), Euler’s Number (Eu), Weber’s Number (We), Mach's Number (M), Model Laws or Similarity Laws, Reynold’s Model Law, Froude's Model Law, Euler's Model Law, Weber's...
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