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I discovered this book when I was visiting for the billionth times one of our local bookstore here in Canada. As the title suggested, this is the story of Iman, a young man leaving in a muslim African country that is never named throughout the book. “Iman” means faith in Arabic. The last letter of the chapter’s title formed the word Immigration, we get to learn that at the end of the book.
But first, as usual, a word about the author.
Ryad Assani-Razaki is a Benin born writer. He currently lives and works in Toronto, Canada as an IT professional. His first work “Deux cercles”, a collection of short stories, won the prize, “ Le prix Trillium”,in 2010. The novel we are discussing won “Le prix Robert-Cliché” in 2011, a prestigious prize in, Quebec, Canada.
Who is Iman? We get to know him through six characters in the books. Toumani the friend, Hadja the grandmother, Alissa the girlfriend, Desire the little brother and Zainab the mother. The themes in this novel are Islam in Africa, poverty, love, friendship, relation between black and white, identity, relation between half-black and black people, African societies in modern times, immigration, human trafficking and modern-day slavery.
The novel started with the story of Toumani. His father sold him to a lady who took him, to the city, to work as a servant. Toumani’s employer eats him savagely and left him to die in a pit. Iman is introduced to the reader for the first time ,when he discovered Toumani at the pit.
Let me touch on this point quickly. Middle class families, in African countries, employed people from the villages to clean, cook and take care of their homes. They are called “servant” or “boy”. Now, some person believe that those young men and women are modern-day slaves. Why is it the case? After all, they are paid, clothed and nourished. But as the story of Toumani illustrated very well, some of them are owned by their master, all the money they earned must be given to the master. Moreover, as in Toumani’s case, they are abused physically and psychologically. Now this bring me to the slave trade in the 16th century. I don’t see any differences between Toumani’s father who sold him to a lady for money and a king of the 16th century who sold some of his countrymen to the white man for alcohol. I will leave it here.
Iman is half African and half white. His father is a white expatriate who came to work in the country. In the novel, Iman seems to be aware that people treat him differently because of the color of his skin. He is being resent by some people, admire by others and envy by the rest. I think the feeling that shocked me the most was how her mother Zainab felt about him. Because she had a mixed son, people felt that she thought she was better than the rest of them. And, in some way, it fuelled her hate for her son. It is quite sad to see that black people are still defining themselves along the lines of white and colored people. Iman is a very complex character, vulnerable and strong at the same time. He seems to understand all that is happening around him.
Another interesting point is the relation between Zainab and Georges, the white expatriate. I think this chapter was the one that revolt me the most. It is, almost, always the same story. The white expatriates go to work in Africa without their families, find themselves beautiful local girls to live with and, at the end, they left them back to return to their families. Poverty plays a big role in this whole situation. Sometimes, it is just innocence that get the locals involved, sometimes, it is curiosity or the complex of inferiority. The outcome, though, is always the same. They are left with a child to face society alone.
Poverty is a recurrent theme in the novel. Because of poverty Toumani was sold by his father, Zainab was attracted to Georges the white expatriate, Alisssa left her village to come to the city, young people are leaving the country by any means to try their luck in the west and children are living in the streets.