Critica della ragion pratica preceduta da Fondazione della metafisica dei costumi

by Immanuel Kant, Serena Feloj (translator)

Oltre ad aver avviato un intenso dibattito filosofico che è stato all'origine dell'idealismo tedesco, l'etica di Kant è stata ed è tuttora un fondamentale punto di riferimento per la filosofia morale, la filosofia politica, l'antropologia, la sociologia.


«L'essere umano... deve essere trattato sempre, in ogni sua azione, come fine in se stesso». La Critica della ragion pratica (1788) costituisce il nucleo del pensiero morale di Kant ed è un'opera fondamentale per il suo sistema filosofico, un classico che intrattiene un dialogo sempre rinnovato con la contemporaneità. I contenuti della seconda Critica erano stati già in parte anticipati dallo stesso Kant nella Fondazione della metafisica dei costumi (1785), e per questo motivo il presente volume propone la traduzione di entrambi i testi.

332 pages, Kindle Edition

Published October 15, 2024

About the author

Immanuel Kant was an 18th-century philosopher from Königsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia). He's regarded as one of the most influential thinkers of modern Europe & of the late Enlightenment. His most important work is The Critique of Pure Reason, an investigation of reason itself. It encompasses an attack on traditional metaphysics & epistemology, & highlights his own contribution to these areas. Other main works of his maturity are The Critique of Practical Reason, which is about ethics, & The Critique of Judgment, about esthetics & teleology.

Pursuing metaphysics involves asking questions about the ultimate nature of reality. Kant suggested that metaphysics can be reformed thru epistemology. He suggested that by understanding the sources & limits of human knowledge we can ask fruitful metaphysical questions. He asked if an object can be known to have certain properties prior to the experience of that object. He concluded that all objects that the mind can think about must conform to its manner of thought. Therefore if the mind can think only in terms of causality–which he concluded that it does–then we can know prior to experiencing them that all objects we experience must either be a cause or an effect. However, it follows from this that it's possible that there are objects of such a nature that the mind cannot think of them, & so the principle of causality, for instance, cannot be applied outside experience: hence we cannot know, for example, whether the world always existed or if it had a cause. So the grand questions of speculative metaphysics are off limits, but the sciences are firmly grounded in laws of the mind. Kant believed himself to be creating a compromise between the empiricists & the rationalists. The empiricists believed that knowledge is acquired thru experience alone, but the rationalists maintained that such knowledge is open to Cartesian doubt and that reason alone provides us with knowledge. Kant argues, however, that using reason without applying it to experience will only lead to illusions, while experience will be purely subjective without first being subsumed under pure reason. Kant’s thought was very influential in Germany during his lifetime, moving philosophy beyond the debate between the rationalists & empiricists. The philosophers Fichte, Schelling, Hegel and Schopenhauer saw themselves as correcting and expanding Kant's system, thus bringing about various forms of German Idealism. Kant continues to be a major influence on philosophy to this day, influencing both Analytic and Continental philosophy.