I was 10 when this was published in 1970, oblivious to the tumult of the late 60s and entirely ignorant of what it meant to be Jewish, much less and American Jew, 25 years post WWII. This was the backdrop of the novel, and I loved Roth’s description of the history and gestalt of that time and place. The years 1959-1966 are covered, a time of interest to me being born in that timeframe. The plot was chaotic at first, but I came to see the genius of being pulled back and forth in time. Roth started with 2 novels which, as it turned out, were published stories of the protagonist, Peter, and then the end, where he is writing alone in a retreat in Vermont, recovering from the attempted suicide of his estranged girlfriend. (the Zuckerman connection is that he is the character in these two different stories, so not a true relative of Roth’s later series). It appears that Peter has had a bad streak of luck with women, a hysterically failed marriage to Maureen who dies in a mysterious accident after, herself, attempting suicide. Peter, at first seems the put-upon victim of bad luck, an up and coming novelist of his time. Roth cleverly reveals to the reader very gradually, almost imperceptively, that our protagonist is a deeply flawed, sociopathic narcissist with mommy issues. The violence, passive and outright physical, mount to the point where I was actively cheering against him and his petty, ridiculous attempts to justify his increasingly neurotic and bizarre reactions. Many times his escape door is presented, and his long suffering family and friends beg him to walk through it. He seems himself as an artiste, highly principled and “right”. Roth neatly exposes this through the voices of others. Peter gets more than he deserves, yet stubbornly continues to torture those around him. In the end, he remains irresolutely committed to his tortured ways. I expected no less of Roth, and this is why I love his excellent writing – it is real and does not seek tidy endings. Becoming a “man” in this era, and with the changing role of women, is very much the conflict and not resolved.
The “war” between men and women is starkly intense as this written at a time (1970) just before women’s liberation became a movement. The fights here are intense and the bitter beyond all my imaginings.
Roth’s character exposes are incredibly deep, and reminiscent of the protagonist’s heroes (Flaubert, Dostoevsky). Here is a character of one of the protagonist Peter’s stories (p. 33): “No, I did not marry for conventional reasons; no one can accuse me of that. It was not for fear of loneliness that I chose my wife, or to have “a helpmate,” or a cook, or a companion in my old age, and it certainly was not out of lust. No matter what they may say about me now, sexual desire had nothing to do with it. To the contrary: thosgh she was a pretty enough woman- square, strong Nordic head; resolute blue eyes that I thought of admiringly as “wintry”; straight wheat-colored hair worn in bangs; a handsome smile; an appealing, openhearted laugh- her short, hevy-legged body struct me as very nearly dwarfish in its proportions and was, from first to last, unremittingly distasteful. Her gain in particular displeased me: mannish, awkward, it took on a kind of rolling quality when she tried to move quickly, and in my mind associated with images of cowhands and merchant seamen. Watching her run to meet me on some Chicago street- after we had become lovers- I would positively recoil, even at a distance, at the prospect of holding that body against me, at the idea that voluntarily I had made her mine.”
Concerning women in the early 60s (p. 170): “…the great world was so obviously a man’s, it was only within marriage that an ordinary woman could hope to find equality and dignity. Indeed, we were led to believe by the defenders of womankind of our era that we were exploiting and degrading the women we didn’t marry, rather than the ones we did. Unattached and on her own, a woman was supposedly not even able to go to the movies or out to a restaurant by herself, let alone perform an appendectomy or drive a truck. It was up to us then to give them the value and the purpose that society at large withheld- by marrying them. If we didn’t marry women, who would? Ours, alas, was the only sex available for the job: the draft was on.”
The bitterness created before the age of no-fault divorce, often trapped men, or our narrator believes (p. 172): “The extent of the panic and rage aroused by the issue of alimony, the ferocity displayed by people who were otherwise sane and civilized enough, testifies, I think, to the shocking- and humiliating- realization that came to couples in the courtroom about the fundamental role that each may actually have played in the other’s life.”
Here’s the brother, talking about Peter’s non-Jewish wife (p. 190): “For the record, the mother’s family was Irish, the father’s German. She looks a little Apache to me, with those eyes and that hair. There’s something savage there… you weren’t brought up for savagery, kid.”
Peter, accused of being estranged from reality by his love of books, reminisces (p. 195): “My trouble in my middle twenties was that rich with confidence and success, I was not about to settle for complexity and depth in books alone. Stuffed to the gills with great fiction- entranced not by cheap romances, like Madame Bovary, but by Madame Bovary- I now expected to find in everyday experience that same sense of the difficult and the deadly earnest that informed the novels I admired so.”
This is great writing, sometimes to effusive, but brilliant nonetheless and very powerfully written. There is so much ground covered here, and a great deal of color and spirals of interesting sidelights, that I once again am in awe of this great American writer. Much I’m sure is autobiographical, as the novel itself is intertwined biographies – it is hard to know where the branch and circle back. Much of this is confessional, where Peter’s poor analyst must endure the intellectual challenges of his most difficult subject, our narrator, perhaps our author Roth himself.