Outer space is the most enigmatic and expansive subject one can study, and "Professor" Ken Jennings goes to it in this book with gusto. Who would you rather have teach you than a seventy-four-day Jeopardy! champion, arguably the most successful quiz show player ever? Professor Jennings delves right in with a look at the Sun, the object that gives our solar system the means to create and sustain life. It is easily the largest object in the daytime sky, a ball of gas burning ninety-three million miles away. Long ago the Sun formed from cosmic dust, according to Ken, and planets coalesced around it over the course of eons. Thus our solar system was born, a good starting point to learn about the universe. Distances between the planets are mind-boggling, but Mr. Jennings uses examples to provide context so we can at least partly comprehend the scale of the solar system.
For millennia, Earth was believed to be the center of our solar system, but scientists such as Galileo eventually proved the Sun was in the middle. Earth and the other planets are in constant motion, whipping around the Sun at thousands of miles per hour. Professor Jennings examines the Sun more closely, identifying its regions and core function as a raging furnace hotter than we can imagine. He answers questions about Sun-related phenomena—what are sunspots, solar wind, and solar flares?—before moving on to comets, ice balls orbiting the Sun that originate beyond Pluto in the Oort cloud. We get to know five famous comets, including Halley's Comet, which has a history of triggering fear in humans. For second period of our class, Ken shifts focus to the Moon. We learn about the hubbub surrounding mankind's first steps on the Moon, which happened July 20, 1969. The Moon has no atmosphere and a fraction of Earth's gravity, but there are unique features on the surface you can look for with a telescope. Eclipses have their own scientific and historical quirks that Mr. Jennings elaborates on. At recess, our professor suggests a few cosmos-themed games, then we return for third period and a detailed look at each planet in our solar system. They range from hellishly hot (Mercury and Venus) to eerie and mysterious (Jupiter and Saturn) to icy and desolate (Uranus and Neptune). In art class we learn to build mini rockets out of paper and plastic. Fourth period takes us to the asteroid belt and the outer planets, serving up relevant trivia along the way. Even experts on space will find tidbits they didn't know in this book.
Lunchtime! Astronauts in space require creative meal options. Many foods are hard to manage in zero gravity, and bathroom access is limited. In fifth period, Professor Jennings guides us beyond the solar system, explaining the wide range of stars in the known universe. He provides a brief, fifteen-section gamebook ("Select Your Own Stellar Adventure") where you play the part of a newborn star going through its life cycle. This is one of my favorite parts of the book. Even the closest stars are light years from Earth (except the Sun), but we can observe them in the night sky, and Ken shows us what to look for with our telescope or naked eye. Stars don't stay the same forever—neutron stars, black dwarfs, black holes, and supernovae are examples of common changes—and we read something about each type. In music class we learn the universe has its own audible tones. We've sent probes beyond our solar system, such as Voyager 1, though its technological features will wear out long before it reaches the nearest star. The universe's massive size ensures many of its secrets will remain permanently beyond our reach, but we wrestle with the mysteries available to us. What are dark matter and dark energy? Will we ever precisely identify these chilling phenomena? The observable universe's billions of galaxies come in many shapes and sizes, but most—including our Milky Way—appear to contain a supermassive black hole in their center. Who ever said space is a quiet or safe place? Mr. Jennings moves on to the subject of extraterrestrials. Scientific odds favor their existence, so why have none made confirmed contact with us? The Fermi Paradox is a conundrum, indeed. In seventh period, Ken lists some fun and not-so-fun aspects of space travel, then relates the history of humanity's space race in the twentieth century. Our professor concludes with a philosophical rationale for why we explore space despite the dangers and hardship. He then proctors the Official Junior Genius Certification Exam, and offers a few light homework assignments for those wanting to discover more about the exotic environment beyond Earth. It's been a school day well spent.
There isn't much thematic depth or emotional resonance to the first four Junior Genius Guides, but they prime the pump for kids who might become passionate about the subject. I've read more scintillating books about the paradoxes and terrors of deep space, but Ken tackles the subject with humor and enthusiasm, both of which are welcome in preteen academia. Where will the next generation of astronauts come from if kids aren't encouraged to be curious about the universe? I might rate this book two and a half stars; there are better works of juvenile nonfiction, but Ken Jennings is good at presenting knowledge so kids want to partake. That's a noteworthy achievement.