Variously described as an exchange of gifts, a destruction of property, a system of banking, and a struggle for prestige, the potlatch is one of the founding concepts of anthropology. Some researchers even claim to have discovered traces of the potlatch in all the economies of the world.
However, as Christopher Bracken shows in this elegantly argued work, the potlatch was in fact invented by the nineteenth-century Canadian law that sought to destroy it. In addition to giving the world its own potlatch, the law also generated a random collection of "potlatch papers" dating from the 1860s to the 1930s. Bracken meticulously analyzes these documents—some canonical, like Franz Boas's ethnographies, others unpublished and little known—to catch a colonialist discourse in the act of constructing fictions about certain First Nations and then deploying those fictions against them. Rather than referring to objects that already exist, the "potlatch papers" instead gave themselves something to refer to; a mirror in which to observe not "the Indian," but "the European."
This is a brilliant book. Not only does it provide a very close analysis of the potlatch papers and important insight into complicated issues regarding the Indigenous peoples of North America, it also offers a useful philosophical analysis of "the gift" using theorists such as Derrida and Heidegger. The writing is simple and effectively conveys complex ideas to the reader. You do not need a background in Post-Colonial studies, First Nations history, or philosophy to understand and learn from this book. It is an excellent read.