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Less Than One Percent: How Disruptors Defy the Odds

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Unlocking Potential: Lessons from Sports Legends and an Unlikely CEO

What if the standards designed to measure success are the ones holding us back?

In Less than One Percent, Dr. Imamu Tomlinson takes readers on a journey through the paradoxes of success, challenging the conventions that govern how we assess true potential. Drawing from his personal story as an underestimated CEO candidate who rose to lead a multibillion-dollar organization, Tomlinson explores the hidden brilliance of those who don’t fit the mold.

Less than One Percent will inspire you to rethink everything you know about achievement:

The myth of standards: Examine society’s obsession with metrics and predictability, and how benchmarks for success often leave extraordinary talent overlooked.
Stories of disruption: Discover how a revolutionist challenged an empire to claim her freedom, why student outcomes aren’t always determined by resources, and how making skating history is a surefire way to avoid the podium.
The paradox of potential: Learn why what we believe to be true is often at odds with the actual truth—and how embracing the unconventional can lead to greatness.

Through vivid examples, spanning world-class sprinting to tech startups, Tomlinson reveals how success is found outside the lines. Whether you’re a business leader who is ready to embrace innovation, a coach determined to nurture unrecognized talent, or someone who has repeatedly been underestimated, this book will provide the inspiration to defy expectations and risk achieving the unimaginable!

222 pages, Kindle Edition

Published January 21, 2025

31 people are currently reading
1388 people want to read

About the author

Imamu Tomlinson

2 books11 followers
As an award winning CEO of a multi-billion dollar healthcare company, Imamu Osei Tomlinson MD, MBA knows all about what it takes to succeed against all odds. With his unique narrative and analytic bent, he highlights how often times we misjudge the qualities necessary to succeed. Tomlinson's passion is to inspire others to succeed no matter who they are or where they are from.

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Displaying 1 - 24 of 24 reviews
3 reviews1 follower
February 5, 2025
Dr. Imamu Tomlinson is an emergency room doctor who now runs a US national, multi-billion-dollar partnership comprised mostly of emergency room doctors. His Less Than One Percent is a book reminiscent of Malcolm Gladwell’s and Adam Grant’s books. These books show us how our conventions mislead us and indeed make the true way of the world invisible to us. Following our conventions turns us into stabilizers who try to make everything okay instead of disruptors who create radically different and wonderful changes in our lives.

Like Gladwell or Grant, Tomlinson has stories of success that come from disruption. There’s Steph Curry ranked 256 out of 256 high school basketball players likely to succeed in basketball. There’s Usain Bolt who by conventional standards could not succeed as a runner. There’s Jobs and Wozniak. There’s even Bob Marley as a political leader and peace maker in Jamaica. Tomlinson shows us more than we knew before about how convention stood in the way of these towering figures.

But those figures are not at the heart of Tomlinson’s book. Tomlinson writes with the moral imagination of the emergency room physician he is. He knows that sometimes life slips away when it should not. He knows that we do not always get what we deserve, and perhaps that is as it should be. He looks at his disruptors from multiple moral perspectives. The story of Surya Bonaly is at the center of his book. With Tomlinson’s steady hand, we see that she drove herself not to be the best skater she could be but to be better than the best skater she could be. That made her disagreeable. She would not win on skating’s terms. She had to win by outdoing skating’s terms. She brought a whole new athleticism to women’s skating. Famously, she was the first woman to land a backflip on one foot. The conventional, stabilizing judges assigned her tenth place, even as she astonished skating fans and commentators. She changed the sport, but she did not reap the rewards. With this tale, Tomlinson shows us that disruption brings disagreeableness with it.

Surprisingly, from disagreeableness comes discipline. Tomlinson tells the heartbreaking story of Shemar Morrow who loved hoops. He was probably as naturally skilled as Le Bron James, but he failed because he loved hooping and hooping alone. He did not have the disruptor’s discipline to push himself and the sport beyond himself and the sport. He was a lover not a disruptor.

An even larger moral surprise emerges when Tomlinson turns to a huge disruption in his life: his four-year-old son started having on-going epileptic episodes. Handling disruption on all sides requires humility. Otherwise, you end up like Bonaly’s stabilizing, conventional judges, blind to what the deep good of the disruption, blind to what you could learn, blind to adaptation. Going beyond, disagreeableness, discipline, and humility thread richly through the book. So it makes sense that at the end, in the name of that humility, Tomlinson does not review his own disruption in becoming an extremely successful CEO. He ends with the story of his aunt, Jasmine Tomlinson-Brown who became the first female police superintendent in Western Jamaica.

I absolutely recommend this book for what it says about our fixation on conventions, the sensible adjustments Tomlinson asks us to make, and even more for the moral imagination it offers.
Profile Image for Linda.
Author 1 book26 followers
March 7, 2025
Contrarian Fuel

Other than some nits about accuracy and disruptive philosophy, this is a solid read. Any fans of “Moneyball” or the Olympic hockey story “Miracle” will appreciate the focus on outliers who have a potent blend of optimism and (productive) disagreeableness.

One of the greatest points came from the discussion of anti-fragility in the entrepreneurship space. Resilience can be recast as just a generic positive outlook, but Tomlinson takes this further.

Limitations become building blocks. Relentless adherence to core values “make disruption a compulsion”. (At this point, I wanted to ask if Kobe Bryant might be one the most injured star basketball player that the hot tub has ever seen.) “In the case of the antifragile, failures accelerate the next disruption.” So setbacks lead to accelerant poured on the relentless push forward, with losses hardening the resolve to press on.

This considered take on the ‘outwork the naysayers’ approach moves it beyond just a paean to obstinacy. Nope, it’s obstinacy with a point and a focus, with a little obsession thrown in for good measure. And plenty of examples to say, ‘This doesn’t always result in success. Risks are too high to avoid failure all the time.’ And failure is the fuel of disruption, apparently.

These points (and the incredible seizure solved by hug story) overcome the inaccurate indication of Jeff Bezos as the only CEO to attend an Ivy League School (he stepped down from that role in 2021), the stunning return of the Olympic gold medal by Usain Bolt (still an amazing disruptive athlete), and the grudging admission of the backflip by the ISU Congress in October 2024. Why the editing team did not catch these issues is beyond me.

Also, the ‘give them a chance’ idea regarding potential success stories is undermined by the idea of disruption accelerant originating from resistance. Failure (or resistance) breeds success, in a way. This doesn’t mean celebrating failure intrinsically. But making the path easier won’t necessarily result in more prodigies being found.

Struggle is necessary to build character - which is the real reason why a coach took a chance on Steph Curry. Sportsmanship attitude despite rough edges.

Regardless, the book is a solid read. But it might need a second edition rollout.
55 reviews2 followers
April 3, 2025
📚 Breaking the Mold: Rethinking Success and be  Less than One Percent.

The book challenges the way we measure success, questioning whether traditional standards actually hold people back. What stood out to me was how often we overlook talent just because it doesn’t fit the expected mold.

Tomlinson’s journey—from an underestimated CEO candidate to leading a multibillion-dollar company—is inspiring. But what really stuck with me were the stories of disruption, like the athlete who made history but not by standing on the podium. These examples made me rethink how we define winning and potential.

The book also explores the paradox of potential, showing that success rarely follows a predictable path. It made me reflect on how often people (myself included) hesitate just because they don’t fit the “ideal” profile for achievement.

What I appreciated most is that this isn’t just another motivational book. The author backs his ideas with real stories and insights, making it a thought-provoking read.

If you’ve ever felt underestimated or trapped by expectations, this book will push you to think differently and embrace unconventional paths to success.
139 reviews7 followers
February 18, 2025
The author examines some one percenters in athletics and business. While he makes some good points, we are currently living in the chaos of too much disruption for the benefit of the few and the detriment of the vulnerable. I think the author fails to examine the benefits of cohesive societies, the wisdom of the past, and the difficulty of overcoming the inertia of society at large, when he extrapolates the success of disruptive athletes, CEOs, to larger problems. Too much disruption may be good for mankind in the long run, we certainly need disruptive solutions to climate change, health care, and inequity in the world, but unless there are cooperative workers as well as disruptive visionaries, we will spend all our energy overcoming conservative resistance. Who says that winning, going faster, or building a more profitable organization are even the ways to attain the best good for the most people? Good of kind, but not a book that will even be relevant in ten years. Save your energy for something better.
Profile Image for Gianfranco.
596 reviews7 followers
February 21, 2025
This book is all I agree with.

The book is a jewel for me because it has convinced me that the traditional standards for measuring success, results and the projection of people are wrong or that they cannot be applied to all human beings. With this book, we can see very clearly how nothing is written and how the traditional way of measuring ourselves can become the worst burden for some people and completely truncate their development. The examples given by the author for me are fantastic because in sport it happens all the time, they are people of whom little nothing was expected and suddenly BAM! their potential explodes and leaves more than one with his mouth closed. The book is very motivating, especially for those who feel they have not found their north or do not fit those typical ways of classifying success.
Profile Image for Marina  Lujan .
951 reviews15 followers
February 21, 2025
As a company leader, I'm constantly searching for books that challenge my preconceived notions about leadership and success. That is precisely what Tomlinson's Less Than One Percent accomplishes. From the outset, the author questions the notion that success is determined by strict measurements and illustrates, via compelling narratives, how actual potential frequently lay beyond accepted norms.


I particularly enjoyed how Tomlinson blended his own story with intriguing instances of disruption and creativity in several industries.


I would recommend it to any leader, entrepreneur or professional who wants to break away from the limitations imposed by the status quo and look for new ways to achieve success. It is a refreshing and provocative read that left me thinking long after finishing it.
Profile Image for Steven Finkelstein.
1,029 reviews13 followers
February 17, 2025
If you want to be successful, there are certain metrics that society has in place that can measure whether you’re reaching the heights for which you’re striving. However, what if you were to start measuring success by different metrics entirely? What if you started to think of success in terms of disruption in the business world?

If you want to be successful in business, that often means having to rethink existing paradigms. The CEO who wrote this book can give you advice that will help you to do that. He lays out a new method for defining success that will let you refocus your energy on the places where it most needs to be. You will also learn how to shut out distractions and to tap into your natural talents.
Profile Image for Lina Perea.
414 reviews4 followers
February 19, 2025
Creating change in business

Just as the world is in a state of flux, so is this flux in the business world, so we can no longer stick to the outdated ways we had thought were the ones that guaranteed success.
In ‘Less Than One Percent: How Disruptors Defy the Odds’, Imamu Tomlinson invites us to break with these obsolete ways, and invites us to create significant changes in business, to create success and to make new ways of doing business.
Through examples in sports, medicine and others, the author shows us how these changes are possible and what their results are, and that they are not impossible; you just have to have the desire to do and not stay in the past, but on the contrary, to move forward.
Profile Image for Daniel Moreno.
870 reviews16 followers
February 21, 2025
Highly recommended for all those who want to improve our lives and our teams.

Thinking about success is one of the most recurrent thoughts of human beings, since we want to have a life that is our dream and we define that as success. But the author builds a meaning of success that is not linked to the traditional one. He also gives us a perfect analysis of how we think we detect potential. This book has an interesting approach since our author presents us with an analysis of when he was CEO in a large company and presents us with all the lessons he obtained from this time. Really a very good book. Highly recommended for all those who want to improve our lives and our teams.
Profile Image for Aneley Sánchez.
988 reviews24 followers
February 22, 2025
Simply amazing!

This is one of these books that made me think a lot. When I started reading it I didn't know very well what audience it was aimed at, and after reading it I discovered that it targets many different people, from business leaders to underrated athletes.
This book is really interesting because it breaks stereotypes and highlights the greatness of "non-conventional" people. I think Imamu Tomlinson offers a different perspective that is key to redefining our aspirations and beliefs about success and greatness. The read is simple to understand because it uses real examples and experiences.
I honestly recommend it! It changed my way of thinking about many things. It is revolutionary and inspiring.
Profile Image for Rodrigo J.
413 reviews6 followers
February 20, 2025
Inspiring

I want to highlight that this book really grabbed my attention because it encourages us to step out of our comfort zones, think outside the box, and not be afraid to challenge the norm. It teaches us not to be intimidated by statistics or, even worse, by what others may think or believe. The book shows that success is not a simple formula. What truly guarantees success is persistence, the ability to challenge expectations, and most importantly, the willingness to leave our comfort zone.

I truly believe that if we can overcome our own limits and trust in our ability to face any challenge, we can achieve the success we have always dreamed of.
Profile Image for Evelyn.
1,301 reviews28 followers
February 20, 2025
I really enjoyed reading this book. I have to say, I'm generally a conformist person, who finds it hard to get out of my comfort zone. Imamu Tomlinson, with his unique perspective and years of experience, showed me, page after page, how to break the mold and achieve success in whatever I choose to undertake.
The engaging storytelling makes the title hard to put down. The reader can easily understand and follow the idea of breaking down from traditional measures of success.
As regards the chapters, they are extremely concise, making reading them an agile and entertaining task.
Achieving the impossible is no longer a utopia with “Less than One Percent”.
Profile Image for Almiria.
774 reviews10 followers
February 21, 2025
In Less Than One Percent by Imamu Tomlinson, we learn an interesting and unexpected truth: the benchmarks that are commonly used to measure success often actually inhibit the very success they try to predict and foster! Tomlinson explores this concept in depth, with interesting and pertinent case studies from across a large range of industries including sport, tech and more. The book investigates why it is often difficult to predict or measure success and why so many truly successful people simply don’t fit the mold. I recommend this book to anyone who wants to take their business or personal success to new levels. I am giving this book five out of five stars.
Profile Image for Margarita Garcia.
1,059 reviews23 followers
February 24, 2025
Inspiring stories.

If you are looking for a book to help you find your potential and tap into your passion, this book is for you. ''Less Than One Percent'' is a book with inspiring stories for success. Based on true stories from the world of sport, this book explores myths about standards, how to succeed with unique talents, and exploring beyond the boundaries set by society. This book offers new perspectives and possibilities, which encourage us. It helps us better understand the power of potential and passion in our lives. This reading invites us to find success away from traditional paths and to free ourselves from society's expectations. I found these stories to be a motivation to take risks and think differently.
Profile Image for Brenda.
1,375 reviews25 followers
February 24, 2025
I really enjoy this concept of success that society has that is actually holding people back rather than motivating them. It is very interesting, although we live in a result oriented society, it makes perfect sense what the author explains. Also, his own story is a true representation of that and also the examples he gives are mind blowing.
I enjoy that the book makes the reader rethink what we consider talent is about, what leadership and hard work is.
To sum up, this book can help a lot of people that feel that don't fit the mold, to know that's not a bad thing and the potential everyone has.
Profile Image for Yolanda Gomez.
570 reviews9 followers
February 24, 2025
What an interesting book! I think we all have thought and especially to doubt about the conception we have of success and how this often fills us with stress and disappointment, but in this book, you will go beyond what you thought you knew. With this reading, I was able to understand how this concept of success must be rethought and that doing things differently and how you feel you should do it is the fastest way to reach your goals. I loved it because it helped me to free myself from many standards that had me in a very complete state of mind, plus how powerful it is to find real life stories that empower you to continue on your path.
2 reviews
July 25, 2025
I just completed reading "Less Than Once Percent - How Disruptors Defy the Odds" written by Imamu Tomlinson. This book is a fantastic piece for several reasons. It is a summative testimony of how people with disruptive mindsets can live successful lives without being limited by conventional norms or expectations. Imamu also describes the high potential that we can unlock within ourselves by challenging the conventions and 'typecasts' that typically get served up to us. Certain of his examples are gut-wrenching, but powerful (he shared real life experiences which nearly brought me to tears). Feed your mind and your soul with this book. It will bless and inspire you!
Profile Image for Gladys .
5 reviews1 follower
January 31, 2025
Eradicates the conventional perceptions bestowed to “would be” individuals that are not Initially recognized by formal systems used to this day. Explains why such systems are not final-regardless of prestige.
Profile Image for Mae B.
506 reviews12 followers
December 10, 2024
Inspiring and informative. I love that the examples of people who disrupt weren’t the usual people most books mention. This was a solid read.

Thanks to NetGalley and the Publisher for the arc.
Profile Image for Daniella.
338 reviews
May 7, 2025
this author is obsessed with sports, table graphs, and dictionary definitions of words.
Profile Image for Nidhi.
35 reviews
November 10, 2025
Good but data has been presented in other books I have read as well. Book could’ve been truncated and still been relevant.
14 reviews1 follower
February 12, 2025
Very good and inspirational book that although very repetitive at times makes you stop and think is it good to be accurate or precise, disagree or agree with the status quo, disrupt or conform, and optimism or pessimistic. In my life I like to be accurate, disagreeable, disruptive, and optimistic about the future.
Profile Image for Blake Randall.
62 reviews79 followers
November 23, 2025
“Less Than One Percent” challenges you to rethink everything you’ve been taught about potential, performance, and success. Because the truth is, traditional standards were never designed to recognize outliers. They reward predictability, not possibility.

Too often, the most brilliant people are dismissed for not fitting the mold. But this book flips that narrative. From overlooked athletes to underestimated leaders, “Less Than One Percent” shows you that the greatest success stories are born “outside the lines.”

So, for you to be a less-than-one-percenter, you can’t do what everyone else is doing.
Profile Image for Heather Cooper.
67 reviews7 followers
October 16, 2025
Imamu Tomlinson highlights disruptors across industries and communities, showing how mindset, resilience, and strategic thinking help them overcome challenges that hold most others back.
Displaying 1 - 24 of 24 reviews

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