I have read through this short book twice and I think I have a basic grasp of the author's intent. I have never meditated, know little or nothing about Buddhism, and may be unqualified to review this book. Let's say I'm giving my impressions of it.
The author has been studying, practicing, and teaching meditation for almost fifty years. His book MINDFULNESS: A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO AWAKENING was published last year and continues to be a Kindle bestseller in its field. Mindfulness is a term much used today, and Goldstein traces it back to its origins in Buddhist philosophy. In this small book, he specifically addresses the 7 Factors of Awakening, which he believes have the greatest cumulative benefits of all the teachings of Buddha.
I think it would be a mistake to dismiss this as an attempt to simplify or "dumb-down" Buddhism. It is a scholarly piece of work (with footnotes at!) that seeks to shine light on an aspect which the author considers to be of particular importance. If it serves as an introduction to Buddhism to those of us who would be intimidated by a 500 page book, so much the better.
I was particularly struck by his discussion of the importance of mindfulness in developing and strengthening one's inner moral compass. He cites the two mental states that Buddha called "the guardians of the world" - hiri and ottappa, which translate as "self-respect" and "conscience." As he points out, in modern Western culture the idea of shame is the ultimate anathema, which prevents us from seeing the value of what he calls "wise shame." He talks about the suffering (both for self and others) that can be avoided if the individual thinks and acts in such a way as to avoid shame. "No deed is good that one regrets having done."
The second factor of enlightenment is discrimination of states, which he describes as the thorough investigation of your emotions and the basis for those emotions. In typically humorous style, he talks about meditating at a retreat and realizing that his thoughts had strayed to his favorite meditation sweatshirt and how nice it would be to have several of them in different colors. Further investigation of this emotion convinced him that this idea would not lead to enlightenment.
I was particularly interested in this because I think many Americans equate Buddhism with the "New Age" philosophy that feelings are always the best indicators of morality. This author's description of discrimination of states sounds like the venerable Catholic practice of "examination of conscience."
I found another charming example of his modesty and humor in the section on equanimity (emotional balance.) He talks about the publishing of his first book and how elated he was at the good reviews and how depressed and embarrassed by the bad reviews, one of which said flatly, "This is pretty silly stuff." He reminded himself that he must practice equanimity and not be blown around like a leaf in the wind by the opinions of others. I am very much in favor of equanimity, especially for authors. Reviewing can be a hazardous hobby.
Someone told me about a Christian minister who meditated in secret for years, knowing that many in his flock would think he had lost his mind or gone over to the dark side. Even today, I notice that many meditation retreats are rather aggressively labeled as"Christian meditation." But surely making use of a technique which enhances spirituality is simply common sense and acknowledging the origin of that practice is common courtesy.
I enjoyed this book and feel that I learned from it. I hope that no one is offended by my comments. I certainly mean no disrespect and if I have misinterpreted anything I'm happy to be corrected. I remember an old book in which a character says, "When you stop getting excited about new ideas you might as well be measured for your coffin." I suspect this author would agree.