Edward Morgan Forster, generally published as E.M. Forster, was an English novelist, essayist, and short story writer. He is known best for his ironic and well-plotted novels examining class difference and hypocrisy in early 20th-century British society. His humanistic impulse toward understanding and sympathy may be aptly summed up in the epigraph to his 1910 novel Howards End: "Only connect".
He had five novels published in his lifetime, achieving his greatest success with A Passage to India (1924) which takes as its subject the relationship between East and West, seen through the lens of India in the later days of the British Raj.
Forster's views as a secular humanist are at the heart of his work, which often depicts the pursuit of personal connections in spite of the restrictions of contemporary society. He is noted for his use of symbolism as a technique in his novels, and he has been criticised for his attachment to mysticism. His other works include Where Angels Fear to Tread (1905), The Longest Journey (1907), A Room with a View (1908) and Maurice (1971), his posthumously published novel which tells of the coming of age of an explicitly gay male character.
I read this short story out loud with my teenage son. We read it together so he could see me make connections, ask questions, notice patterns or other symbols, motifs, etc. The idea was for him to see what reading looks like so he can start doing that on his own when he reads.
This short story is fabulous! It was the perfect story for an exercise like the one described above. There are so many allusions, even besides the obvious. What an excellent story! So many things to think about and discuss - which is great! Because our next step in beginning literary analysis and metaphorical reading skills is to listen to The Literary Life podcast about this short story. I'm so excited to see what things Angelina and Cindy (or Mr. Banks) saw in the story that I totally missed! (Which will be many.) Why is literature so fun!!!