اللغويات العصبية

The MIT Press Essential Knowledge

by Giosuè Baggio, عبد الفتاح عبد الله (مترجم), شيماء طه الريدي (مراجعة)

اللغويات العصبية هي دراسة اللغة في المخ، وتصف البِنَى التشريحية (شبكات الخلايا العصبية في المخ) والعمليات الفسيولوجية (الطرق التي تنشط بها هذه الشبكات) التي تسمح للبشر باكتساب لغة أو أكثر واستخدامها. ترتكز اللغويات العصبية على علم الأعصاب واللغويات — اللغويات النظرية بصفةٍ خاصة — وعدة مباحث علمية أخرى. يقدم «جوزويه باجيو» في هذا الكتاب مدخلًا لأساسيات اللغويات العصبية، مستكشفًا في البداية تطوُّر اللغة، ويتناول اكتشافات «بول روكا» و«كارل فيرنيك» و«نعوم تشومسكي»، وغيرهم. كذلك يناقش تعلُّم القراءة والكتابة، وكيفية اكتساب أكثر من لغة في مراحل معينة من التطور الإدراكي ونتائج ذلك، إلى جانب موضوعات أخرى مثل: السلوك العصبي للغة، والوراثة العصبية للغة، وبعض الاضطرابات اللغوية المعروفة.

Genres: Linguistics, Nonfiction, Language, Neuroscience, Science, Brain

158 pages, ebook

Published December 19, 2024

About the author

Giosuè Baggio is Professor of Psycholinguistics at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway, and the author of Meaning in the Brain (MIT Press).

Reviews

[RJTK · Rating 3 out of 5]

The book is interesting, but seems to be much more focused on the Neuro with less interesting information about the linguistics.

[Simon Zuberek · Rating 5 out of 5]

Another accessible introduction to the subject annoited by the very reliable MIT Press. In comparison to some of the other positions in the "Essentials" series, this one is a relatively quick ready. Clear and concise, it lays out the main topics and ideas in a sensible fashion. The neuro-cognitive landscape of the human language emerges gradually but coherently. The newcomers to the subject are likely to find it fascinating, though the readers with more background in the matter may wish it were less cursory. The fact that some of the issues and topics were deliberately left out by the author (which the reader is a priori warned about), does not diminish the value of this stellar introductory overview.

[Glen · Rating 4 out of 5]

A good introduction to neurolinguistics, with more of a technical focus on neurology placed in the frame of linguistics. The author does a good job introducing concepts using accessible language for those not without a biology or linguistics background, though not much time is spent explaining those introductory concepts and it leads into quite a bit of technical jargon. The use of diagrams makes some sections much more digestible. The second half of the book is much more speculative, but the author does a (mostly) okay job of calling out contradictory views in the footnotes. Somewhat forgivable since neurolinguistics itself is so young. It's a solid read for anyone curious about neurolinguistics, but it's attempt at straddling both biology and linguistics falls a bit too far on the biology side for my tastes.

[Heidi · Rating 5 out of 5]

Good introduction. I want to learn more about the subject. And more books from this series.

[Hallie Cantor · Rating 5 out of 5]

Excellent introduction to the workings of the brain -- the "man behind the curtain" as far as language acquisition and communication. Chapters are devoted to the structure of the brain, its areas where language is stored and developed, and the uniqueness of the human brain for speech and memory (take that, evolutionists!). The author also discusses bilingualism -- its advantages and effects on brain structure -- and the developmental stages of infant and childhood speech. Photos and illustrations show the regions of the brain, as well as those affected by learning disabilities.

This book, part of the MIT Series, should motivate many to acquaint themselves with other fields of science and technology. The language is not overly dry or technical; rather, it is written clearly for the lay person. No one here will walk away a scientist, but at least he or she gain a basic understanding of how we learn to think and communicate.