What a rollercoaster of emotion this was! There were times when I wanted to rage quit this book and other times where I was completely engrossed. If you are at all interested in the life of JC from a historical, psychological, ethnic, and sociological perspective, this controversial classic will be sure to both offend and inspire at the same time as tickle your intellect.
If you decide to read this book, let me give you some fair warnings so you know what to expect without spoiling too much.
The author, Ernest Renan, was a Frenchman from the 19th Century. This impacts the book in several ways. First of all, he was raised Christian, so even though he states that he outgrew his blind faith in Jesus as being literally divine and that he was trying to put together a cohesive narrative and psychological profile of the historic man from multiple source texts, he does tend to have a Christian bias. In addition, he is a smart-ass in the classic French style. What I mean is that he sounds more snippy and insulting than he actually is. Like a modern stand-up comic, he uses humor to poke fun at behaviors and cultural norms in a blanket way that can seem bigoted, and just when you think he really means what he says, he turns around and deconstructs what he just said in the most sensitive and emotional way imaginable. I believe he does this to catch the reader off guard, not just to keep them paying attention, but to challenge any internal bias or bigoted ideas that the reader may be inwardly bringing to the table.
For example, he seems to make academic conclusions that are entirely nihilistic at first. According to Renan's studies, he concluded Mohammed was a basket case suffering from epilepsy. But then he goes on further to say, "Let medicine have names to express these grand errors of human nature; let it maintain that genius is a disease of the brain; let it see, in a certain delicacy of morality, the commencement of consumption; let it class enthusiasm and love as nervous accidents—it matters little. The terms healthy and diseased are entirely relative... The narrow ideas which are spread in our times respecting madness, mislead our historical judgments in the most serious manner, in questions of this kind." If you are too busy being offended, you'll miss these wonderful insights.
Similarly, Renan further pontificates that the Jews at the time of Christ didn't even believe half of what they were saying anymore except when they could use their religion as special status wherever they wanted to avoid taxation or other undesirable integrations into society. He also says in several places that Jesus was at best a passive fraud who allowed his followers to spread outrageous rumors about his power and made no attempts to quell the fires of legend surrounding his godhead. On top of all this, Renan points out that the last thing Jesus would have ever expected would have been a thing known as the Christian Bible. Jesus was against all these written codes and sacred texts that distracted from the God in all of us. Besides, he and his followers held the belief that the world was going to end soon, so what good would a book for posterity be if there were to be few new generations to benefit? So in a sense, The Bible is anti-Christian? Gee... And I thought Chris Chibnall was bad for blowing up "Doctor Who" childhoods for old nerds everywhere.
But what Renan has done is strip away all the legend and religious dogma that keeps the reader biased toward whatever faith in which they have embraced, Christian, Muslim, Jewish or otherwise. He doesn't even let people with no particular faith escape before he hits the reader with what he sees as the ultimate meaning behind what Jesus did for the world through his actions and choices in life.
I won't go into what Renan's conclusions and feelings were about the life of Jesus, as that would certainly spoil too much. But what I will say is that the way Renan concluded his treatise left me almost in tears, and I never could be accused of being a religious zealot, nor have I been so moved by the New Testament stories before. But the life of Jesus is a life that anyone can relate to and be inspired by. Who has ever worked for a place and realized there was something very wrong with how they did things there? Do you play it safe, or do you speak out? And anyone who has been in a leadership role has learned that your very successes ignite angst and vitriol because you threaten the status quo that has been the source of power and security enjoyed by others. To maintain courage, belief in equality and justice, and love for everyone in the face of adversity. Such is the life of the big JC.
Renan does intentionally try to get under your skin but only to bypass your brain's defenses so as to plant a seed which may grow into a more mature understanding of Jesus. Long-time believers of Jesus as the Messiah may be shocked to find themselves thinking how far the various Christian religions have strayed from the Founder's original mission throughout history, and non-Christians might be hardput to deny that their is real potential for beautiful growth in every human being who studies the life of Jesus with an open mind.
Now, I do not think this is the best example of pure academic scholarship. This book is the product of the so-called "First Quest" for the historical Jesus, and religious scholars are now well into the "Third Quest" and beyond. Therefore, there's a lot we have learned since this book was written, and a lot more mysteries have been uncovered over questions that Renan assumed to have foregone conclusions.
So I do not pretend this is a perfect book. But I think you will be surprised at the mustard seeds that may sprout within you, no matter where you are in your spiritual journey, if you stick with this book until the end.